@inbook{11373, abstract = {{The topic of Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) should be nowadays part of any engineering degree course in every university worldwide. In an increasingly digital and connected world, students and prospective engineers need to know the interrelationships of holistic product development. Excellent expertise in a discipline such as mechanical engineering is still necessary, but no longer sufficient. This article explains why this is the case and what universities can do to address this issue. It describes in detail the PLM course of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and Arts located in Lemgo, Germany. In addition, suggestions are made on how to improve the course content, based on many years of experience. As such, this article is a valuable source of information for anyone teaching PLM today or intending to do so in the future.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Otte, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{Product Lifecycle Management (Volume 6) : Increasing the Value of PLM with Innovative New Technologies}}, editor = {{Stark, John}}, isbn = {{978-3-031-53520-8}}, issn = {{2197-6589}}, pages = {{215--231}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}}, title = {{{PLM in Engineering Education: Purpose and Challenges}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-53521-5_14}}, year = {{2024}}, } @book{11666, abstract = {{Den Knoten entwirren Alles hängt mit allem zusammen. Was sich anhört wie eine Binsenweisheit, ist in der Industrie tägliche Praxis geworden. Komplexität und „Verschränktheit“ der Prozesse in Entwicklung und Produktion wachsen vielen Unternehmen über den Kopf. Der Durchblick geht verloren, die Kosten laufen davon. Das muss nicht so sein. Wie man der grassierenden Komplexität mit Methode zu Leibe rückt, zeigt dieses elektronische Buch. Denn darum geht es in der Praxis: Trotz vermeintlich intelligenter Systeme im Unternehmen den Überblick behalten und die Komplexität beherrschen. Mittel zum Zweck ist ein Assistenzsystem, das im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes entwickelt wurde und jetzt für den Einsatz bereitsteht. Damit das System nicht übergestülpt, sondern schrittweise erlernt und wirklich gelebt werden kann, wird ein flankierendes Konzept zur Befähigung präsentiert. Das Team um Herausgeber Andreas Deuter, seines Zeichens Professor an der Technischen Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe (TH OWL), hat ein kompaktes und verständliches Buch verfasst. Ein echtes LOGiBit eben.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Imort, Sebastian and Trojanowski, Christoph and Pankrath, Carolin}}, editor = {{Deuter, Andreas}}, publisher = {{LOG_X Verlag}}, title = {{{Den Überblick behalten }}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{12992, abstract = {{In today's technology-driven world, the need for interdisciplinary skills is increasing. This has become challenging in tertiary education to provide students with applicable knowledge of various fields. Anderson's Adaptive Control of Thought (ACT) theory suggests that universities have traditionally focused on imparting declarative knowledge, which involves memorization of facts and concepts. However, imparting the ability to apply such knowledge on individual students and create procedural knowledge is the challenge. This includes teachers dealing with a diverse range of student abilities, particularly at university-level where they teach the same course content to students with different levels of prior knowledge and, given the structure of modern education systems, the resources required to monitor and provide feedback for a number of decisions and attempts independently performed by the students. Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) have proven to be effective in addressing the aforementioned challenges by creating personalized learning environments that provide instant feedback, adapt to individual student needs, and promote the development of procedural knowledge. In the field of automation education at the university level, we are creating a 3D artificial intelligence (AI)-based ITS software named KIAAA (An AI Assistant for teaching in the field of automation), specifically designed to teach computer programming to students. KIAAA aims to assist students in transitioning from their abilities to procedural aptitude by providing personalized learning scenarios that allow them to apply their knowledge and receive immediate feedback. Our approach is based mainly on the pedagogical model of ITS, which focuses on creating a supportive and inclusive learning environment that promotes success for all students, regardless of their initial level of knowledge. One of the key aspects of our approach is the utilization of personalized learning. We propose a scheme that, subsequent to evaluate student's initial levels of procedural knowledge, creates 3D learning environments tailored to each individual student. By analyzing the solutions proposed by the students, we select the difficulty level of subsequent tasks. This approach takes into consideration student's discrete competence throughout the learning process, enabling them to progress on their prior knowledge. Additionally, the software provides customized feedback to each student on their performance, helping students identify areas that require improvement. Concepts for and implementations of ITS for a variety of fields, including introductory programming classes, have evolved for a long time. Our main contribution lies in presenting an end to end solution for ITS focused on teaching programming for automation students with realistically 3D simulated factory environments. While we strongly believe to have created a pedagogically sound, integrated intelligent teaching system for assisting programming classes in tertiary automation education, a robust user study for methodically evaluating our concept and implementation is still to be performed. Thus, we limit ourselves to presenting the underlying didactic concepts of KIAAA as a work in progress paper with a comprehensive evaluation to follow at a later date.}}, author = {{Ali, Asmar and Deuter, Andreas and Wehmeier, Leon}}, booktitle = {{FIE 2023 : College Station, TX, USA, October 18-21, 2023 : conference proceedings / 2023 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)}}, isbn = {{979-8-3503-3643-6}}, location = {{Texas}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Personalized Learning in Automation: A 3D AI-Based Approach}}}, doi = {{10.1109/fie58773.2023.10343228}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{12993, abstract = {{In computer science and related technical fields, researchers, educators, and practitioners are continuously automating recurring tasks for high efficiency in a wide variety of fields. In higher education, such tasks that educators face are the recurring review and assessment process of students' programming coursework. Thus, various attempts exist to automate the assessment and feedback generation for course homework and practicals in higher education. Those approaches for automated programming task assessment often comprise running automated tests to check for limited functional correctness and potentially style checking for various violations (LINTing). Educators familiar with large-scale automated task assessment are likely used to seeing hard-coded solutions specifically or accidentally designed to just pass the required tests, ignoring or misinterpreting the actual task requirements. Detecting such issues in arbitrary code is non-trivial and an ongoing research topic in software engineering. Software engineering research has yielded various semantic analysis frameworks, such as GitHub's CodeQL, which can be adapted for programming task assessment. We present a work-in-progress programming task analysis framework which employs CodeQL's analysis technology to identify the actual use of task-description-mandated syntactic and semantic elements such as loop structures or the use of mandated data blocks in branching conditions. This allows extending existing course work analysis frameworks to include a semantic check of an uploaded program which exceeds the relatively simple set of input-output test cases provided by unit tests. We use a running example of entry level programming tasks and several solution attempts to introduce and explain our proposed control flow and data flow -based analysis method. We discuss the benefits of including semantic analysis as an additional method in the automated programming task assessment toolbox. Our main contribution is the adaptation of an semantic analysis code framework to analyse syntactic and semantic components in students' programming coursework.}}, author = {{Wehmeier, Leon and Eilermann, Sebastian and Niggemann, Oliver and Deuter, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{FIE 2023 : College Station, TX, USA, October 18-21, 2023 : conference proceedings / 2023 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE)}}, isbn = {{979-8-3503-3643-6}}, keywords = {{Codes, Electronic learning, Soft sensors, Semantics, Education, Syntactics, Task analysis}}, location = {{Texas}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Task-fidelity Assessment for Programming Tasks Using Semantic Code Analysis}}}, doi = {{10.1109/fie58773.2023.10342916}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{10923, abstract = {{Aufgrund der kontinuierlich voranschreitenden Fertigungsautomation als Bestandteil der Digital Factory und des demografischen Wandels ist ein zunehmender Bedarf an Personal mit IT Expertise in vielen verschiedenen industriellen Bereichen erkennbar. In diesem Zusammenhang zeigen Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)-basierende Intelligent Tutoring Systeme (ITS) großes Potenzial den aufgezeigten Schulungsbedarf teilweise zu decken. Hierbei treffen besondere Anforderungen aus technischen, rechtlichen und organisatorischen Bereichen aufeinander, die für Unternehmen sowohl Chancen als auch Herausforderungen darstellen. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird auf die Potentiale eines Digital Twin als Ergebnis der Fertigungsautomation und Bestandteil eines KI-basierenden ITS zur Unterstützung des Kompetenzerwerbs in der Aus- und Weiterbildung für die Fertigungsautomation eingegangen. Ziel ist es, die Chancen von individuell angepassten Aufgaben in einem ITS in Zusammenwirken mit einem Digital Twin für Unternehmen und Mitarbeiter sowie die dabei auftretenden Herausforderungen aufzuzeigen. Abschließend wird das Potenzial eines um einen Digital Twin erweitertes ITS anhand eines von uns entwickelten ITS in einer Fallstudie aufgezeigt.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Wehmeier, Leon and Ali, Asmar and Bach, Roland and Schultz, Christoph and Eilermann, Sebastian and Niggemann, Oliver}}, booktitle = {{VDI-Berichte Nr. 2419}}, isbn = {{978-3-18-092419-9 }}, issn = {{978-3-18-102419-5 }}, location = {{Baden-Baden}}, pages = {{37--54}}, publisher = {{VDI Verlag}}, title = {{{Die steigende Bedeutung des Digital Twins als Bestandteil eines Intelligent Tutoring Systems in der Automatisierung}}}, doi = {{10.51202/9783181024195-37}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{10935, abstract = {{One of the challenges in universities is to take into account the different competences of students throughout the process of imparting knowledge. It is unlikely that all students will grasp the course content in the same way, as they have different abilities. Similarly, it is unrealistic for teachers to address all the individual needs of each student at all times. In addition, maintaining learners' attention to a particular topic is also an essential part of teaching. To overcome these challenges, we are developing AI learning software as part of a research project. The software generates learning scenarios for the students and takes their individual competences into account. The research project focuses on the field of automation technology, especially on programming, as programming skills are usually required in automation environments. When solving the scenarios, students receive immediate feedback on how well they have solved the task. Immediate automated feedback not only meets the students' expectations of quick learning feedback, but it also relieves the teaching staff in the assessment process. In addition, the software includes an interactive user interface that allows learners to see the results of their programming tasks in a simulated 3D environment. This approach aims to maintain learners' attention over a longer learning period. This paper describes the above aspects that are being developed in the research project and previews the new learning opportunities that could arise from the use of AI.}}, author = {{Ali, Asmar and Deuter, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{Journal of international scientific publications / Science & Education Foundation : Educational Alternatives }}, issn = {{1313-2571}}, keywords = {{ai education, automated feedback, automation education, educational software, programming}}, location = {{Burgas}}, pages = {{12--20}}, publisher = {{Info Invest }}, title = {{{An AI Assistant for Education in Automation}}}, doi = {{10.62991/EA1996108906}}, volume = {{21}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{10962, abstract = {{The increasing number of product artifacts (e.g., mechanical or electronic components, software functions, documents) confronts small and medium-sized companies with the challenge of assessing change effects. The lack of knowledge of artifact relationships causes problems, such as outdated documentation, lack of coordination with affected disciplines, or delayed changes. The Design Structure Matrix (DSM) can clearly represent the elements and relationships of complex systems. This paper presents an assistance system for intuitive visualization of engineering change effects using existing DSM-based methods for complexity management. The implemented algorithms compute graph layouts, cluster analyses, and change predictions in the form of change risk, time, and cost. An application example of a 3D-printed intelligent lamp demonstrates the approach's viability. The paper concludes with a discussion of the benefits and future activities.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Tackenberg, Sven and Trojanowski, Christoph and Pankrath, Carolin and Imort, Sebastian and Deuter, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{DS 126: Proceedings of the 25th International DSM Conference (DSM 2023)}}, editor = {{Stowe, Harold and Browning, Tyson R. and Eppinger, Steven D. and Trauer, Jakob and Langner, Christopher and Kreimeyer, Matthias and Isaksson, Ola and Panarotto, Massimo and Brahma, Arindam}}, keywords = {{Graph-based Visualization, Assistance System, Engineering Change Management, Complexity Management}}, location = {{Gothenburg, Sweden}}, pages = {{58--67}}, publisher = {{The Design Society}}, title = {{{Assistance System for graph-based 3D Visualization of Design Structure Matrices}}}, doi = {{10.35199/dsm2023.07}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{13010, abstract = {{Especially in highly interdisciplinary fields such as automation engineering, contemporary programming education with tailored assignments and individual feedback is a major challenge for educational institutions due to the increasing number of students per teacher and the ever-increasing demand for computer science professionals. To address this gap, we present ”KIAAA” an AI Assistant for Automation Engineering Teaching, a work-in-progress approach for an integrated, customized, and AI-based learning support system for automation and programming courses based on instructor-defined course objectives. Thereby in the KIAAA system, the individual knowledge level of the students is determined and individually tailored virtual learning scenarios are generated based on the knowledge and learning profile of the students. These are iteratively adapted based on the answers given. To achieve this, KIAAA uses several AI components, a hybrid rule-based scenario generation component, a Help-DKT-based cognitive model, and a solution assessor that uses a combination of traditional code analysis methods and AI-based analyses methods for automated programming task assessment. These components are the main parts of KIAAA to generate customized programming scenarios as well as visualization and simulation based on a modern game and physics engine.}}, author = {{Eilermann, Sebastian and Wehmeier, Leon and Niggemann, Oliver and Deuter, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)}}, editor = {{Jasperneite, Jürgen}}, isbn = {{978-1-6654-9314-7}}, keywords = {{Visualization, Automation, Education, Games, Hybrid power systems, Task analysis, Artificial intelligence}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{KIAAA: An AI Assistant for Teaching Programming in the Field of Automation}}}, doi = {{10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218157}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{9133, abstract = {{Mit der steigenden Komplexität der Entwicklung mechatronischer Produkte sind den beteiligten Akteuren die Wirkbeziehungen zwischen den Bauteilen sowie zwischen den Bauteilen und den erforderlichen Produktionsprozessen oft nicht mehr hinreichend bekannt. Nicht abgestimmte Entscheidungen und Handlungen sind die Folge, die zu Kosten- und Terminüberschreitungen führen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt mögliche Innovationspotenziale auf, die ein Assistenzsystem für das Komplexitätsmanagement bieten kann. }}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Tackenberg, Sven and Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Vathauer, Marc and Kage, Franz}}, booktitle = {{WT WerkstattsTechnik online}}, issn = {{1436-4980 }}, number = {{6}}, pages = {{404--407}}, publisher = {{VDI Fachmedien}}, title = {{{Innovationspotenziale im Komplexitätsmanagement- Assistenzsystem für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen}}}, volume = {{112}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{7035, abstract = {{Technological progress, upcoming cyber-physical systems, and limited resources confront small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with the challenge of complexity management in product development projects spanning over the entire product lifecycle. SMEs require a solution for documenting and analyzing the functional relationships between multiple domains such as products, software, and processes. The German research project FuPEP “Funktionsorientiertes Komplexitätsmanagement in allen Phasen der Produktentstehung” aims to address this issue by developing an assistance system that supports product developers by visualizing functional relationships. This paper presents the methodology and results of the assistance system’s requirements elicitation with two SMEs. Conducting the elicitation during a global pandemic, we discuss its application using specific techniques in light of COVID-19. We model problems and their effects regarding complexity management in product development in a system dynamics model. The most important requirements and use cases elicited are presented, and the requirements elicitation methodology and results are discussed. Additionally, we present a multilayer software architecture design of the assistance system. Our case study suggests a relationship between fear of a missing project focus among project participants and the restriction of requirements elicitation techniques to those possible via web conferencing tools.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Imort, Sebastian and Trojanowski, Christoph and Deuter, Andreas}}, issn = {{2073-431X}}, journal = {{Computers}}, keywords = {{complexity management, assistance system, product development, systems engineering, design structure matrix, asset administration shell}}, number = {{11}}, title = {{{Requirements Elicitation for an Assistance System for Complexity Management in Product Development of SMEs during COVID-19: A Case Study}}}, doi = {{10.3390/computers10110149}}, volume = {{10}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{7781, abstract = {{Product lifecycle management (PLM) as a holistic process encompasses the idea generation for a product, its conception, and its production, as well as its operating phase. Numerous tools and data models are used throughout this process. In recent years, industry and academia have developed integration concepts to realize efficient PLM across all domains and phases. However, the solutions available in practice need specific interfaces and tend to be vendor dependent. The Asset Administration Shell (AAS) aims to be a standardized digital representation of an asset (e.g., a product). In accordance with its objective, it has the potential to integrate all data generated during the PLM process into one data model and to provide a universally valid interface for all PLM phases. However, to date, there is no holistic concept that demonstrates this potential. The goal of this research work is to develop and validate such an AAS-based concept. This article demonstrates the application of the AAS in an order-controlled production process, including the semi-automatic generation of PLM-related AAS data. Furthermore, it discusses the potential of the AAS as a standard interface providing a smooth data integration throughout the PLM process.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Imort, Sebastian}}, issn = {{2073-431X}}, journal = {{Computers : open access journal }}, number = {{7}}, publisher = {{MDPI }}, title = {{{Product Lifecycle Management with the Asset Administration Shell}}}, doi = {{10.3390/computers10070084}}, volume = {{10}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{7789, author = {{Brand, Marco and Deuter, Andreas and Galla, Lukas and Pethig, Florian}}, issn = {{0178-2320}}, journal = {{atp-magazin}}, number = {{11-12}}, pages = {{24--27}}, title = {{{Die Verwaltungsschale: vom Konzept über Metamodell zum Standard}}}, year = {{2020}}, } @misc{12794, abstract = {{Modern product development utilizes both Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and Application Lifecycle Management (ALM). PLM addresses the hardware lifecycle of a product, whereas ALM addresses the software lifecycle. In recent years, industry and academia have developed several PLM/ALM integration concepts to realize efficient management of the product lifecycle across all domains. However, the solutions available in practice are typically vendor-driven. Therefore, they are not generally applicable even if standards such as OSLC (Open Services for Lifecycle Cooperation) are applied. The consortium "Plattform Industrie 4.0" has recently introduced a standardized digital representation of an asset (e.g., a smart product): the Asset Administration Shell (AAS). The AAS has the potential to integrate PLM/ALM data sets in a single product model and hence to provide a generally applicable interface for PLM/ALM integration. However, until now there has not been a concept to prove this potential. The aim of this work is to develop such new strategies (named Plm4AAS) using AAS submodels. This article explains the semi-automatic generation of PLM/ALM submodels and how to link elements between these submodels. The AASX Package Explorer, an AAS management software tool, is used to demonstrate the results. The article finishes with a discussion about the potential of the AAS as a standardized concept for PLM/ALM integration. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 5th International Conference on System-Integrated Intelligence.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Imort, Sebastian}}, booktitle = {{System-Integrated Intelligence - Intelligent, Flexible and Connected Systems in Products and Production : Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on System-Integrated Intelligence (SysInt 2020), Bremen, Germany (}}, editor = {{Thoben, Klaus-Dieter and Dekena, Berend and Lang, Walter and Trächtler, Ansgar}}, issn = {{2351-9789}}, keywords = {{PLM, ALM, ReqIF, PLM XML, OSLC, Asset Administration Shell}}, location = {{Online}}, pages = {{234--240}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{PLM/ALM Integration With The Asset Administration Shell}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.promfg.2020.11.040}}, volume = {{52}}, year = {{2020}}, } @proceedings{1908, abstract = {{It is our pleasure to introduce the 9th edition of the International Conference on Production Engineering and Management (PEM), an event that is the result of the joint effort ofthe University of Trieste and the OWL University of Applied Sciences and Arts. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program “Production Engineering and Management” by the two partner universities. This year the conference is hosted at the university campus in Trieste, Italy.The main goal of the conference is to offer students, researchers,and professionals in Italy, Germany, and abroad, an opportunity to meet and exchange information, discuss experience,specific practices, technical solutions for planning, design,and management of manufacturing, service systems,and processes. As always, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy.This year’s special focus is on green production and digital manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0, which are currently major topics of discussion among experts and professionals. In fact, the features and problems of Industry 4.0 have been widely discussed in the last editions of the PEM conference, in which sustainability and efficiency emerged as key factors. With further study and development of direct digital manufacturing technologies in connection with new management practices and product life-cycle management, the 9th edition of the PEM conference aims to offer new and interesting scientific contributions.The conference program includes 32speeches organized in eight sessions. Two are specifically dedicated to “Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0”. The other sessions are covering areas of great interest and importance to the participants of the conference, which are related to the main focus: “Product Life-Cycle and Supply Chain Management”, “Industrial Engineering and Lean Management”, “Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production”, and “Innovative Management Techniques and Methodologies”. The proceedings of the conference include the articles submitted and accepted after a careful double-blind refereeing process.}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-04-7}}, location = {{Pardenone, Italy}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{325}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{1909, abstract = {{Shop floor management is an important component of the Toyota Production System. The main task of shop floor management is to sustainably increase efficiency and quality in production. The objective of this paper is to identify potentials for improvement of shop floor management in the context of digitalization and to identify fields of action. As a result, the paper will show that insufficiently designed business processes, in particular, lead to additional administrative work for managers. Therefore, optimizing processes can also be seen as a key to giving managers more time for real management tasks. In addition, shop floor management can be strengthened by improving e-mail communication and meeting organization practices, as well as by making reporting more automated and more user-friendly. }}, author = {{Materna, Linda and Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Schulz, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, keywords = {{Shop floor management, Leadership, Digitalization}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, pages = {{179--188}}, title = {{{How to Improve Shop Floor Management}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{1911, abstract = {{Reading about small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in newspapers and magazines, one might get the impression that integrating and exploiting new digital technologies is one of the most urgent challenges for managers today. Although many different industry 4.0 and Internet of Things (IoT) tests have been published, a framework to structure the content and the process of digital transformation is missing. Therefore, comprehensive research of available literature has been implemented; the results show that the framework from Appelfeller and Feldmann is the most suitable for application in companies. Due to the fact that the authors present no acquired experience in the application of the framework in practice, an evaluation study was set up in companies. The results of a case study are presented and an overview is given how to implement this specific check in a company.}}, author = {{Tackenberg, Sven and Jungkind, Wilfried and Feldmann, C. and Appelfeller, W.}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, keywords = {{Digital transformation, Maturity model, Check}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, pages = {{281--290}}, title = {{{Digital Transformation of Companies: Experience gained in the Implementation of an IOT Check}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inbook{7783, abstract = {{The digitization of the industry, the drive towards smart factories as well as the Internet of Production (IoP) require rising smartness of products and services. Smart physical products are often mechatronic products that include increasing amounts of software. The development of software, however, comes along with new challenges for companies specialized in developing mechanical, electrical or electronic products. Some of these challenges address the product lifecycle management (PLM)-related business and work processes. The management of software lifecycles requires a much more rigorous requirements management. Furthermore, special solutions for management of source code in distributed development teams are needed. The build-process and testing activities need to be conducted in a systematic manner. The generation and provision of different licensing models need to be mastered and finally the issue of security needs to be addressed for any product that can be networked---which by the way is a strategic target of nearly any product developing company. Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) covers many of the above-mentioned issues. IT solutions for ALM are comparable to traditional PLM solutions, but focus particularly on software as a product. Thus, these systems have become widely used by software companies in the same manner as PLM solutions belong to the standard enterprise IT environment of companies developing physical products. With software penetrating traditional physical products, product managers, product developers, manufacturing staff etc. need to work with both, PLM and ALM, since neither solution is able to cover both domains sufficiently. However, ALM and PLM solutions feature redundant functionality. Thus, best practices for the systematic integration of ALM and PLM are required.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Otte, Andreas and Ebert, Marcel and Possel-Dölken, Frank}}, booktitle = {{Product lifecycle management (Volume 4)}}, editor = {{Stark, John}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-16133-0}}, issn = {{2197-6589}}, keywords = {{Product lifecycle management, Application Lifecycle Management, Smart products, Systems engineering}}, pages = {{125--143}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Developing the Requirements of a PLM/ALM Integration: An Industrial Case Study}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-16134-7_11}}, year = {{2019}}, } @article{7784, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Pethig, Florian}}, issn = {{0178-2320}}, journal = {{atp-magazin}}, number = {{11-12}}, pages = {{28--31}}, title = {{{The Digital Twin Theory: Umsetzung mit der Industrie 4.0-Verwaltungsschale}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @article{7785, abstract = {{Im digitalen Zwilling wird ein wesentliches Mittel f{\"u}r Produktivit{\"a}tssteigerungen im Zeitalter der industriellen Digitalisierung gesehen. Daher besch{\"a}ftigen sich zahlreiche Publikationen mit diesem Begriff. Dieser Beitrag zeigt zun{\"a}chst die Urspr{\"u}nge des Begriffs und setzt sich mit ausgew{\"a}hlten Definitionen auseinander. Diese unterst{\"u}tzen allerdings wenig bei der praktischen Implementierung von digitalen Zwillingen, da sich die Definitionen zum Teil stark unterscheiden. Als Alternative zu einer klassischen Definition wird daher ein Theoriemodell vorgeschlagen, das Annahmen {\"u}ber den digitalen Zwilling enth{\"a}lt. Dieser neuartige Denkansatz soll helfen, das Management von digitalen Zwillingen in der Praxis zu verbessern.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Pethig, Florian}}, journal = {{Industrie 4.0 Management}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{27--30}}, title = {{{The Digital Twin Theory - Eine neue Sicht auf ein Modewort}}}, doi = {{10.30844/I40M_19-1_S27-30}}, volume = {{35}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{221, abstract = {{Manual assembly workers are usually presented with information on shop floor papers using conventional design elements such as text, tables or drawings. New technological capabilities such as assembly assistance systems can enable more efficient and human-centered delivery of information in manual assembly environments. With this in mind, a method for assessing the economic and human-centered potential of informational assembly assistance systems for a specific work system will be developed.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{127--136}}, title = {{{Assessing the Economic and Human-Centered Potential of Assembly Assistance Systems}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @misc{549, author = {{Springer, André and Nothdurft, Sarah and Lahdo, Rabi and Seffer, Oliver}}, booktitle = {{8th International Conference on Production Engineering and Management}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Dissimilar metal joints, Laser processes, Multi-material components}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, publisher = {{Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Dissimilar Metal Joints - Laser Based Manufacturing Processes for Components of Tomorrow}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{550, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are increasingly used for final part production. Especially technologies for processing of metal, like Selective LaserMelting (SLM), arefocusedin this area. The shift from prototyping towards final part production results in enhanced requirements for repeatability and predictability of the part quality. Machine manufacturers offer process monitoring solutions for different aspects of the production process, like the powder bed surface, the melt pool, and the laser energy. Nevertheless, the significance of these systems is not fully proven and threshold values for the monitored process parameters have to be determined for each product individually. This impedes the development of suitable process control systems. The paper gives an overview ofexistingresearch approaches and available process monitoring systems for SLM and their applicability for predicting certain part characteristics. The existing solutions are evaluated based on own research results. Next, AM specific difficulties for the development of process control tools and possible solutions are discussed.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Process capability, Process monitoring, Quality assurance, Final part production}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{17--28}}, title = {{{Process Control for Selective Laser Melting - Opprtunities and Limitations}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{551, abstract = {{Companies that use product lifecycle management (PLM) systems need to configure them individually. Such configuration is considered as a software development process. This article demonstrates how the software development process for PLM configuration can be improved by applying applicationlifecycle management (ALM) concepts. This paper explains how such a conceptdesigncan be created and implemented. The concept was evaluated in a real industrial case study. By this, it provides valuable insights useablefor any company, facing similar challenges as depicted in this paper.}}, author = {{Heister, Martin and Deuter, Andreas and Schrader, B.}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{PLM, ALM, Software engineering, V-model, Scrum}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{31--41}}, title = {{{Design of an ALM-Based Process for Configuring PLM Systems}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{552, abstract = {{Since additive manufacturing (AM) is continuously growing, the influence of processing conditions and setup parameters on microstructural and mechanical properties of additively manufacturedcomponents needs to be clarified. The paper discusses an experimental approach for the identification of influencing parameters in Selective Laser Melting; this consists of an evaluation of the mechanical and physical properties of final parts, depending on the chosen process parameters. The Design of Experiments is used to get valid results from a limited number of experiments. The research work focuses on the application of a Definitive Screening Design to identify the most important influencing parameters: Several parameters of the hatch and the contour exposure are varied, as well as the position and orientation of the samples in the build chamber. A maraging steel and a CoCr alloy are used, and the mechanical and physical properties of the samples are evaluated. The interdependencies between the variation of the factors and the observed properties are analyzed.}}, author = {{Simoni, F. and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Process parameters, Design of Experiments, Density measurement}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{43--55}}, title = {{{Analysis of Influencing Parameters on Mechanical and Physical Properties of SLM Parts}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{553, abstract = {{Selective laser melting is a powder bed fusion technology that uses a laser as an energy source in order to directly build fullydensemetal parts. Optimal fabrication requires a comprehensiveunderstanding of the main processing,as it affectsthe part quality. Wherefore, the objective of this paper is to perform a survey, data checking and collecting ofprovided parameters to compare and contextualize it versus the respective values used in the processby the research studies. The work is focused on cobalt-chromium alloys (CoCr) which are widely used in dental and medical applications. This work focusesonsurfacequality and hardness as built and after the post-processes. As well, the approaches in bond strength after post-processing are considered, comparing the results made by different manufacturing techniques. Finally, this work compares results acquired in surface roughness asbuilt, and tensile strength of parts made by selective laser melting versus the traditional technique cast, before and after heat treatment.}}, author = {{Silva Gimenes Gandara, Joyce and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Material properties, Part properties, Process parameters}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{57--69}}, title = {{{Selective Laser Melting - CoCr Approach: Analysis of Manufacturer Parameters Versus Research Results}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{554, abstract = {{Light guiding structures, like optical waveguides or fibers, take an important role in several industries, e.g. communication, sensing, illumination or medical applications. For the latter, it could be very interesting to have the possibility to manufacture problem-adapted structureswith a mechanicalfunctionality andwith additional embedded optical or electrical sensor functionalities.Modern additive manufacturing (AM) technologies like Stereolithography (SLA) or Fused Layer Modeling (FLM) may provide these opportunities.This paper is aimedto figure out the light guiding opportunities of both technologies. For this different kind of structures are built by FLM and SLA. To compare both manufacturing technologies, the layout of each structure is identical for both technologies. After manufacturing, the transmission and the attenuation of the guided light of these structures areanalyzed by measurement.Then the measurement results of the different technologies are compared with each other.}}, author = {{Beyer, Micha and Stübbe, Oliver and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management : proceedings 8th international conference, October 04 and 05, 2018, Lemgo, Germany}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Embedded optical waveguides, Optical sensors, SLA technology, FLM technology}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{70--82}}, title = {{{Comparsion of FLM and SLA Processing Technologies Towards Manufacturing of Optical Waveguides for Communicationi and Sensing Applications}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{555, abstract = {{Although it is recommended to store goods in a warehouse based on the principle of first in first out, it is still unavoidable to use block storage of storing, for example, long andbulky goods. If the major advantage of block storage in area saving is themost important, the companyhas to accept the removal principle of last in first out or in other words, first in last out. The last goods to be stocked are the first goods to be removed and the first stocked goods are the last to be removed. There are some special observations in the block storage concerned in this paper. The first one is that the goods in the storage ordered by the customers can often not be removed directly from the storage without any stock movement. Theaim is to not only benefit fromthe high-density storage solution but also decrease the negative influence of block storage, especially when pre-stocked goods must be removed at first. The second observation is that during one concerned time period, forexample, one day, there may be several operations of put-away and several operations of order picking for shipment preparation. The third observation is that before goods are put away to storage, which goods to be removed are not always predictable. The preplanned removal dates are quite often unexpected changed. In this paper, scenarios with different dynamic properties and stochastic probabilities have been concerned and defined. Strategies for the three main stages of put-away, i.e. stacking, pre-marshalingand retrieval are defined and examined developed. Simulations have been conducted to examine the strategies based on different scenarios. The aimis to select the right strategy which may reduce the overall relocation operations. It is expected that the sum of blocks movement during put-away i.e. stacking, pre-marshaling, and block retrieval is optimally minimized.}}, author = {{Li, Li}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Block storage, Put-away, Blocks relocation, Block retrieval, Order picking, First in last out, First in first out, Pre-marshalling}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{101--112}}, title = {{{Put-Away and Retrieval Optimization Strategies towards Reduction of Blocks Relocations in a Block Storage}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{557, abstract = {{Current processes for designing manual assembly workstations do not consider the need for employee-appropriate, product-specific and operating resources-specific factors. A systematic design tool would help to minimize cycle times, increase productivity and improve ergonomic criteria. Therefore, a literature research concerning workplace design for manual assembly was conducted. Additionally, a guided Interview and a questionnaire were developed and approached on the trade show “Motek” with 14 participants.The study shows evidence for the assumption that there is no systematic approach todesigning manual assembly workstations.}}, author = {{Gote, Henning and Glatzel, Thomas}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Manual assembly, Workplace design, Ergonomic workstations, SME}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{137--148}}, title = {{{Empirical Study of Workplace Design of Manual Assembly Workstations in SME}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{559, abstract = {{The navigation technique has been always an important issue for guiding an automated guided vehicle (AGV). With the development of sensor technology, software engineering, andalgorithms, there is a spectrum of different navigation methods for AGVs. Inorder to avoid the additional environmental installation,so as to increase the flexibility of route planning, but to keep the positioning precision, more sensors, such as light detection and ranging (LIDAR), wheel encoders and gyroscope are installed on the vehicles to be automated. Some intelligent algorithms such as simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms and Monte Carlo localization have been developed for the navigation of vehicles, including position and orientation. The interesting question, especially for the AGVmanufacturers, is: which algorithm is more suitable for which kind of applications. The suitabilityof an algorithm for the navigation of AGVs with facilities of Light Detection and Ranging(LIDAR), encoders and gyroscope ismainly determined by four properties. They are the positioning precision, computational costs, execution time and positioning repeatability. This paper intends to investigate the suitability of an algorithm or a navigation method for AGVs with LIDAR, wheel encoders,and gyroscope. The two aspects of positioningaccuracy and repeatability are especially concerned. A general comparison of different navigation methods and algorithms is given. An experimental platform with a basic vehicle, controlling system and sensors is then developed to further evaluate the algorithms. The hardware components and software components are compatible to robot operating system (ROS). This open-source robotics middleware provides services and tools for creating robot applications. As ROS SLAM nodes, open-source SLAM algorithms can be evaluated relatively easily without any rewriting or modification of the algorithms. As a new research field, there is not jet a SLAM algorithm, which is predominant absolutely.}}, author = {{Li, Li and Schulze, L.}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Automatedguided vehicle, Simultaneous localization and mapping, Robot operating system, Light detection and ranging}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{213--223}}, title = {{{Comparison and Evaluation of SLAM Algorithms for AGV Navigation}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{560, abstract = {{In warehouse planning and dimensioning, many parameters and conditions have to be met and goals must be fulfilled, e.g. labor and investment costs, desired throughput and capacity, available material handling technologies and size constraints. These factors determine the ultimate choice of a particular alternative from a wide range of solution alternatives.On the one hand, the warehouse planning process is very complex and takes into account all different aspects of decision-making. On the other hand, it is expected that the planning period is shorter and shorter. To balance out the competing interests of accuracy and time, it is a promising approach to make use of computer-based planning tools. They can be used to find the most cost-efficientalternative and to visualize its layout.In addition, at the end of the planning process not only technologies and layout dimensions are specified, the warehouse layout with the rack configuration, the conveyors and the buildings should be visualized in three dimensions.It is a promising approach to integrate the detailed layout drawing through computer-aideddesign tools such as AutoCAD Inventor into warehouse planning process. Softwareis developed for detailed warehouse planning. The core modules of the software can generate a favorable warehouse alternative and an AutoCAD-Add-On for the visualization of the outcomes.With the planning tool,the planning period can be significantly shortened while simultaneously the planning quality, especially during the period of rough planning, increases.To balance out the competing interests of accuracy and time, it is a promising approach to make use ofcomputer-basedplanning tools. They can be used to find the most cost-efficientalternative and to visualize its layout.}}, author = {{Schulze, L. and Li, Li}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Warehouse planning, Layout configuration, Labor and investment costs}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{233--242}}, title = {{{Digitized Planning with Visualization for Warehouse Layouts}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @proceedings{305, abstract = {{It is our pleasure to introduce the 8th edition of the International Conference on Production Engineering and anagement (PEM), an event that is the result of the joint effort of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and the University of Trieste. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program “Production Engineering and Management” by the two partner universities. This year the conference is hosted at the university campus in Lemgo, Germany. The main goal of the conference is to offer students, researchers and professionals in Germany, Italy and abroad, an opportunity to meet and exchange information, discuss experiences, specific practices and technical solutions for planning, design, and management of manufacturing and service systems and processes. As always, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. This year’s special focus is on Supply Chain Design and Management in the context of Industry 4.0, which are currently major topics of discussion among experts and professionals. In fact, the features and problems of Industry 4.0 have been widely discussed in the last editions of the PEM conference, in which sustainability and efficiency also emerged as key factors. With the further study and development of Direct Digital Manufacturing technologies in connection with new Management Practices and Supply Chain Designs, the 8th edition of the PEM conference aims to offer new and interesting scientific contributions. The conference program includes 25 speeches organized in seven sessions. Two are specifically dedicated to “Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0”. The other sessions are covering areas of great interest and importance to the participants of the conference, which are related to the main focus: “Supply Chai n Design and Management”, “Industrial Engineering and Lean Management”, “Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production”, and “Management Practices and Methodologies”. The proceedings of the conference include the articles submitted and accepted after a careful double-blind refereeing process.}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{306}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @misc{12798, abstract = {{The digitization of the industry requires smart products and services. Smart products are mechatronic products with an increasing amount of software. To get high quality smart products to the market quickly, manufacturers need to reshape their product lifecycle processes. They need to apply system engineering-based methods to enable smooth cross-domain developments with a special focus on the software domain. One significant challenge faced by manufacturers is the harmonization of product lifecycle management (PLM), which addresses the hardware lifecycle, with application lifecycle management (ALM), which addresses the software lifecycle. To support manufacturers in this challenging activity, this paper demonstrates a proven process for developing use cases and requirements associated with a PLM/ALM integration. This process has been elicited during an industrial case study in a manufacturing company. This paper explains this process in detail. A generally applicable approach for developing the requirements of a PLM/ALM integration is extracted by removing the company-specific factors. }}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Otte, Andreas and Ebert, Marcel and Possel-Dölken, Frank}}, booktitle = {{4th International Conference on System-Integrated Intelligence - Intelligent, Flexible and Connected Systems in Products and Production}}, editor = {{Denkena, B. and Thoben, K. D. and Trachtler, A.}}, issn = {{2351-9789}}, keywords = {{Product lifecycle management, Application Lifecycle Management, Smart products, Systems engineering}}, location = {{Hannover}}, pages = {{107--113}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Developing the Requirements of a PLM/ALM Integration: An Industrial Case Study}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.promfg.2018.06.020}}, volume = {{24}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{570, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing (AM) has matured rapidly during the last years due to the advancement of AM machines and materials. Nevertheless, the widespread adoption of AM is still challenged by producing parts with reliable quality. The aim of this paper is t o introduce a first approach to apply in-situ monitoring for quality evaluation of produced parts. Based on the monitored data, a model is developed, in order to predict the quality of ready built parts.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineeringand Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Nondestructive quality control, Predictive analytics, Metal model, Additive manufacturing}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{89--100}}, title = {{{Nondestructive Quality Check of Additive Manufactured Parts Using Empirical Models}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{573, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have not only revolutionized product development and design by enabling rapid prototyping. They also gained influence on production in general, mainly because of their direct manufacturing capabilities. In the context of Industry 4.0 and the related process automation, innovative and advanced production technologies with completely new approaches are required [1]. AM technologies contribute to this with their advantages like freedom of design, cost efficient product individualization, and functional integration. On the other hand, AM still shows shortcomings in exploiting its full potential. Most current AM technologies are only applicable for manufacturing with singular materials. In particular, opportunities for processing of optically or electrically conductive materials are still missing. This paper contributes to the advancement of additive manufacturing of two different material variants or even two completely different materials. A special focus is laid on producing a part that combines mechanical with optical or electrical functionalities in one process step. The ultimate goal is to integrate sensor functionalities into an AM object, e.g. strain gauges. Extrusion processes, predominantly Fused Layer Modeling (FLM), are preferred in this research due to their mechanically simple machine setup in which additional functional materials can be adapted easily to the build process. In a first step, the general manufacturability has been evaluated. Thereafter, the resulting optical transmission properties have been analyzed. Especially the attenuation has to remain below a threshold value to accomplish a minimum signal-to-noise ratio.}}, author = {{Ehlert, Patrick and Stübbe, Oliver and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Embedded optical waveguides, Electrical conductors, Embedded systems, FLM technology, Sensors}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{127--136}}, title = {{{Investigation on the Direct Manufacturing of Waveguides and Sensors Using FLM Technology}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{574, abstract = {{The increasing industrial digitization is the driver for the fast emergence of many industrial smart products. To stay competitive, the manufacturing companies of these smart products need to optimize their internal lifecycleprocesses. Mainly, they have to converge the software and hardware lifecycleprocesses. However, even if this strategic necessity has been recognized, manufacturing companies struggle to develop and implement a roadmap of such convergence.Starting point for the realization of harmonized lifecycle processes are processmodels describing process activities and the underlying data models. This research addresses the latter one and aims to create a generic lifecycle data model. The research team created and evaluated such data model referring to development artifacts such as requirements, parts or test cases and to lifecycle artifacts such as revisions, versions and baselines. The generic lifecycle management model was evaluated by a practical development of a smart product. By this, the research provides a valuable result to maintain and increase the competitiveness of manufacturing companies.}}, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Otte, Andreas and Ebert, Marcel}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{PLM, ALM, Systems Engineering, VDI guideline 2206}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{115--125}}, title = {{{Extending the Sliced V-Model to Smart Product Development}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{575, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing technologies can provide cost and time advantages in mold making, compared to traditional approaches. Nevertheless, their applicability is not yet completely proven, especially in terms of surface finishing. The aim of this research work is to create perfect mold inserts by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and to optimize surface quality. Therefore a process is developed to reduce the effort of surface quality optimization including a high flexibility in design. The tested process shows that simple and affordable methods can lead to usable molds with only minor restrictions in terms of appearance. Due to the initial reduction of layer thicknesses and distinct settings of laser melting parameters, the surface smoothness is significantly enhanced during the SLM building process. Subsequently blasting, manual grinding, as well as polishing operations, enable a selective smoothening of the surface up to a polished finish. As a result, the built tool parts can be used instantly for injection molding.}}, author = {{Elstermeyer, O. and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Tool making, Direct rapid tooling, Additively manufactured molds, Selective laser melting, Additive manufacturing process chain, Post-processing}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{101--113}}, title = {{{SLM Based Tooling for Injection Molding - Focus on Reduced Effort in Surface Quality Optimization}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{576, abstract = {{Due to a high level of competition in automotive industry, it is essentially important for automotive companies to develop innovative strategies and technologies in production and logistics. Postponement of production difference, i.e., customer individualized demand has been considered as an innovative strategy and more or less implemented in the production process, mostly before and during the final assembly. This paper proposed the concept of postponing the individualization of some components after the assembly. The idea is to use the idle times especially during the distribution process when vehicles are accumulated to generate big transportation batches or the follow-up transport does not start immediately. The individualization is carried out in specially realized workshops. Objectives of the approach are to reduce variations in the manufacturing, to shorten delivery times and to give consumers the ability to reorder individual components shortly before delivery. This kind of postponement of individualization induces the requirement of redesigning the logistics network, which means the selection of workshop locations and the new selection of the suppliers for the individualized components. To reach this aim, a software tool has been developed. In the tool, the data required in the logistics network such as suppliers and workshop potential locations are managed in a MySQL database and the optimization of the network is achieved by the especiallydeveloped non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). The design and development of the solution individuals and the fitness functions, which are the most important elements of a genetic algorithm, are based on the mathematical model of the logistics network design with product late individualization. Different scenarios are considered and generated to examine the applicability of the methodology in automotive practice. The optimization model and the heuristics of genetic algorithm are validated through the Pareto solutions for different scenarios.}}, author = {{Li, Li}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Automotive industry, Logistics network configuration, Late product individualization, Postponement, NSGGA}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{139--150}}, title = {{{Optimization of Automotive Logistics Network with Late Product Individualization}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{577, abstract = {{A rising number of product variants together with decreasing lot sizes are a result of the trend of individualization. Besides the upcoming organizational issues, changes in the production technologies are required. Direct digital manufacturing contributes to solve this problem by enabling the production of parts right from the CAD data.Process capability analysis is applied in several industries to prove the reliable compliance of products with quality requirements. As it is based on statistical methods, new challenges arise in the context of single-part production.The paper describes and compares different approaches for the adoption of process capability analysis for single-part production with special focus on additive manufacturing technologies. The statistical background and the applicability of different capability parameters are discussed. An overview of existing research work is given and supplemented by own approaches for the adoption of statistical methods for single-part production. The aim of the research work is to establish a first approach for the qualification of new technologies in single-part production.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Davis, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef and Scheideler, Eva}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Statistical process control, Process capability analysis, Single-part production, Process optimization}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{63--74}}, title = {{{Deployment of Process Capability Analysis for Single-Part Production}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{578, abstract = {{Challenges of companies are presented by an increasing number of product variants or a growing product complexity in combination with a reduction of lot size. Therefore the scope of the work in the field of manual assembly will be more complex. This situation leads to a need of assistance systems. With these systems, the assembly workers will be qualified to execute their work tasks within the requirements. This approach set up on a further implementation of an assistance system at a great device manufacturer. The main focus of this implementation was the technical and functional design of the assistance system, but a successful implementation requires also an active handling of the change process. The purpose of this paper is the presentation of design principles in form of a process model for the implementation of digital assistance systems. The development of the design principles takes place in a participative approach. Executives, work councilsand workers develop the project results together with external project members. Project managers will be able to manage implementation processes with the results and take all the success factors into account.}}, author = {{Kleineberg, Tim and Eichelberg, Matthias and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Change management, Success factors, Process model}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{25--36}}, title = {{{Participative Development of an Implementation Process for Worker Assistance Systems}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{579, abstract = {{Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a powder bed fusion process to produce additively metal parts. From the current point of view, it seems to be one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies for the production of end use parts. An increasing number of examples prove the successful application of SLM for technical part production. Nevertheless, they also show the enormous effort that is still required to qualify the production process of every single part individually.The present paper gives an overview of the major influencing factors of the SLM process. To get a comprehensive research approach, existing publications on the topic are taken into account as well as own experimental work, evaluating the effects of the process parameters on the relative density of samples made from tool steel. The experimental setup and the results are described and opportunities for the further research work are discussed.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Selective laser melting, Additive manufacturing, Process parameters, Process optimization}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{13--34}}, title = {{{Influencing Factors on Part Quality in Selective Laser Melting}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{580, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) is increasingly used to design new products. This is possible due to the further development of the AM-processes and materials. The lack of quality assurance of AM built parts is a key technological barrier that prevents manufacturers from adopting. The quality of an additive manufactured part is influenced by more than 50 parameters, which make process control difficult. Current research deals with using real time monitoring of the melt pool as feedback control for laser power. This paper illustrates challenges and opportunities of applying statistical predictive modeling and unsupervised learning to control additive manufacturing. In particular, an approach how to build a feedforward controller will be discussed.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Ahlemeyer-Stubbe, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{ Production engineering and management : proceedings 7th international conference, September 28 and 29, 2017, Pordenone, Italy }}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Process control, Predictive modeling, Predictive control}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{3--12}}, title = {{{Quality Control of Additive Manufacturing Using Statistical Prediction Models}}}, volume = {{2017}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{581, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Rapid.Tech – International Trade Show & Conference for Additive Manufacturing}}, isbn = {{978-3-44645459-0}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{10--24}}, publisher = {{Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG}}, title = {{{Anforderungen an integrierte Prozessketten in der Additiven Fertigung}}}, doi = {{10.3139/9783446454606.001}}, year = {{2017}}, } @article{609, abstract = {{Einfach, ohne Expertenwissen anzuwenden – solch ein Planungswerkzeug spart Zeit und Geld. Dieser Artikel stellt eine neue, effiziente Berechnungsmöglichkeit vor, die z.B. Vertriebsmitarbeiter oder Architekten befähigt, Risiken bezüglich Durch‐ oder Absturzsicherheit bei allseitig gelagerten Verglasungen früh in der Planung schnell abzuprüfen. Dabei werden statistische Modelle und Simulationsberechnungen eingesetzt. Verifiziert wurde die Methode gemäß DIN 18008 Teil 4 und Teil 6 mit den Möglichkeiten der Finite‐Element‐Rechnung und Referenzdatensätzen. Sie kann eine finale statische Beurteilung (z.B. prüffähige Statik) nicht ersetzen, doch sie kann im Lauf der Planung verlässliche Abschätzungen liefern und somit Geld und Zeit einsparen.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Ahlemeyer-Stubbe, Andrea and Scheideler, Josef}}, issn = {{2509-7075}}, journal = {{ce/papers : Proceedings in Civil Engineering}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{142--152}}, publisher = {{Ernst & Sohn, a Wiley brand }}, title = {{{Statistische Modellierung zur Unterstützung von Industrie 4.0 im Glasbau}}}, doi = {{10.1002/cepa.16}}, volume = {{1}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{610, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Otte, Andreas and Höllisch, Daniel}}, booktitle = {{Wissenschaftsforum Intelligente Technische Systeme (WInTeSys) 2017}}, editor = {{Trächtler, Ansgar}}, location = {{Paderborn}}, pages = {{211--222}}, title = {{{Methodisches Vorgehen zur Entwicklung und Evaluierung von Anwendungsfällen für die PLM/ALM-Integration}}}, volume = {{369}}, year = {{2017}}, } @proceedings{309, abstract = {{It is our pleasure to introduce the seventh edition of the International Conference on Production Engineering and Management (PEM), an event that is the result of the joint effort of the University of Trieste and the Ostwestfalen- Lippe University of Applied Sciences. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program “Production Engineering and Management” by the two partner universities. This year the conference is hosted at the university campus in Pordenone. The main goal of the conference is to offer students, researchers and professionals in Germany, Italy and abroad, an opportunity to meet and exchange information, discuss experience, specific practices and technical solutions for planning, design and management of manufacturing and service systems and processes. As always, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. This year’s special focus is on industry sustainability, which is currently a major topic of discussion among experts and professionals. Sustainability can be considered as a requirement for any modern production processes and systems, and also has to be embedded in the context of Industry 4.0. In fact, the features and problems of industry 4.0 have been widely discussed in the last editions of the PEM conference, in which efficiency and waste reduction emerged as key factors. The study and development of the connections between future industry and sustainability is therefore critical, as highlighted in the recent “German Sustainable Development Strategy and the 2030 Agenda”. Accordingly, the seventh edition of the PEM conference aims to offer a contribution to the debate. The conference program includes 25 speeches organized in six sessions. Three are specifically dedicated to “Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0” and “Technology and Business for Circular Economy and Sustainable Production”. The other sessions are covering areas of great interest and importance to the participants of the conference, which are related to the main focus: “Innovative Management Techniques and Methodologies”, “Industrial Engineering and Lean Management” and “Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production”. The proceedings of the conference include the articles submitted and accepted after a careful double-blind refereeing process.}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, location = {{Pardenone, Italy}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{248}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{457, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) increasingly enables the realization of structures, which have a much greater freedom of design und can therefore better use nature as a design ideal. Bionic design principles have already been introduced into general design approaches, and several topology optimization systems (TO) are available today to increase structural stiffness and to enable lightweight design. AM and TO, used in synergy, promise completely new application areas. However, staircase effects resulting from a layer-by-layer build process and unavoidable support structures which must be mechanically removed afterwards are disadvantageous with respect to surface texture and strength properties. The present article addresses the question of how far the notches resulting from the staircase effect of Additive Manufacturing and the support structures removed decrease the strength of components. Most engineers try to follow the inner flow of forces in a part’s design by smoothening surfaces in notched areas. Considering this, a elected component is investigated with finite element analysis (FEA) with special regard for the concentration of tress arising from surface notch effects. An outlook is given as regards how a reduction of the notch effect from the taircase effect can be achieved effectively.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef and Adam, G. and Timmer, Mirco}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management Proceedings 6th International Conference}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Additive Manufacturing, Topology optimization, Staircase effect, Support structures, Stress concentration, Lightweight construction, Design rules, Notch effect}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{39--50}}, title = {{{Topology Optimization and Additive Manufacturing – A Perfect Symbiosis?}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @misc{7790, author = {{Deuter, Andreas and Rizzo, Stefano}}, booktitle = {{Procedia Technology}}, issn = {{2212-0173}}, keywords = {{PLM, ALM, OSLC}}, pages = {{405--412}}, publisher = {{ Elsevier}}, title = {{{A Critical View on PLM/ALM Convergence in Practice and Research}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.protcy.2016.08.052}}, volume = {{26}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{584, abstract = {{Due to the continuing trend towards more complexity of products with an increasing number of variants and smaller lot sizes, the assembly often takes place -despite relatively high labor costs in Western industrialized nations -manually or partially automated. An outsourcing or relocation of assembly function abroad is not suitable in most cases.Therefore, it is increasingly important to reduce process variations and waste in manual assembly processes. Assistance systems have the potential, depending on the situation, to assist the worker in his work, to reduce error rate and to increase productivity. In a first part of the paper an overview will be given to different types of assembly assistance systems. Then a morphological chart is developed, which can provide assistance in selecting or comparing assembly assistance systems. With the help of this chart an assembly assistant system is presented. Finally a quick look is taken at further research being done in this area.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Riediger, Daniel and Unrau, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Manual assembly, Morphology}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{01}}, pages = {{3--14}}, title = {{{Assistance Systems in Manual Assembly}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{586, abstract = {{Under the circumstance of advanced globalization, it is increasingly difficult for production companies to remain competitiveness. Many of them are forced to restrict budget and reduce production costs. In addition, the customization of product increases continuously. This results in extension of product variation and reduction of product life cycle. Therefore, the companies need a high flexibility to respond quickly to changes in the market and to customer requirements. Lean thinking, as a powerful tool, has been implemented by many companies in production and manufacturing. In order to avoid waste in lean manufacturing, it is necessary to manage efficiently the material flow. In this study, for a lean material handling system in the lean manufacturing of a company, an in-plant milk-run distribution system is taken into consideration. The system consistsof vehicles, which move periodically in certain routes. The materials are delivered in short intervals from a central storage area to several points of use in the production. By using milk-run in plant, the material handling processes can be standardized and therefore the waste can be eliminated. One additional aim of the study with milk-run distribution for the material provision is to minimize the handling time, which determines directly the personal costs. In order to realize the aim, the work has beendivided into several steps. At first, the production processes, especially the material provision for the production have been analyzed. Secondly, the technological solutions have been analyzed in order to handle different loading units required by different machines in the production. Thirdly, the milk-run distribution for lean production is formulated as an optimization problem with the object of minimizing the number of vehicles and the distance traveled under the constraints of specific time periods, capacity of vehicle and related stations etc. Fourthly, two optimization methods are developed in order to find the optimal solution for the milk-run problem and the performance of different methods is also compared.}}, author = {{Li, Li and Schulze, L.}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Milk-Run, Material provision, Lean production, Genetic algorithm}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{65--76}}, title = {{{In-Plant Milk-Run Distribution for Material Provision Optimization in Lean Production}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{587, abstract = {{Development engineers are most valued for their excellence in physical product development, but on the flipside, project managers face problems when trying to fit them into effectively running development processes. Because of the advantages of Lean Management in production (Lean Production), process managers often try to transfer lean principles directly to development processes, not considering that major differences exist between well-described production processes and new product development processes which include much more uncertainty and risk. Nevertheless, several lean principals are applicable in product development. This paper describes five lean development insights (LDIs) which were found when optimizing an entire product realization process. Lean principles have been examined and then translated to collaboration between product development and tool manufacturing at a globally operating German family-run company. These LDIs are meant to help project and process managers, consultants and developers to rethink their ways of organizing product development. The application of these insights will result in increased transparency, intensified collaboration, improved processes and quality, shortened lead times, and also eliminate waste.}}, author = {{Riediger, M. and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Lean development, Collaboration, Agile, PLM, Frontloading, Simultaneous engineering}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{111--122}}, title = {{{Five Insights in Effectively Managing Product Development}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{590, abstract = {{Against the background of rising overhead costs in manufacturing companies the application of methods of overhead cost management is of increasing importance. Within this article existing approaches of cost management are explained in principle. Based on these approaches a new complementary approach of managing costs with the help of costs elasticity ratios is described by a case study. The method is based on the hypothesis that there are no fixed personnel costs, but personnel costs with different elasticity with respect to the volume of orders. Personnel costs elasticity (ε) is derived from the quotient of the relative change in personnel costs (k) and the relative change of the order volume (q) of a billing month (i). The method aims to increase the flexibility of overhead costs, but can also be applied with respect to so-called direct costs. In this case, the question arises as to what extent the direct costs actually develop proportional elastic over time.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Cost management, Overhead costs, Direct costs, Labor costs, Elasticity}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{123--131}}, title = {{{How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{593, abstract = {{Due to the increased individualization of customer demands in the last 20 years, the production systems are required to be more flexible and scalable. It is the samefor the material flow system with automated guided vehicles (AGVs). To realize the flexibility and scalability, it is recommended to decentralized control the vehicles. As an attempt, a concept of swarm intelligence with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is proposed and introduced in this article. The concept is supposed to be used for automated guided vehicle systems in which objects have to be transported from place to place. Therefore the object has to be self-organized and has to manage its own transport. In this context the vehicles have to choose the most optimal transportation. Swarm intelligence is a topic which deserves a high level of attention as a method to realize high flexibility and scalability.}}, author = {{Cantauw, Alisa Maria and Li, Li}}, booktitle = {{Department of Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Swarm intelligence, Automated guided vehicle system, RFID, Internet of things, Multi-agent system}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{133--143}}, title = {{{Application of Swarm Intelligence for Automated Guided Vehicle Systems}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{594, abstract = {{Due to steadily increased demand for customized products, as well as their enhanced complexity and shorter product lifecycles, companies in all industries require a reliable prediction of the expected product development costs from the very start of product realization. Incorrectly estimated project costs may lead to serious consequences in the course of a development project. For example, offers are most often based on such early cost estimations and consequently, a major safety margin has to be added, which may result in the refusal of an order. A too low estimation of the costs of aproduct development project, on the other hand, may result in a loss for the project.In this paper, a software tool is presented for the prediction of product development costs which offers the user the ability to create a more accurate prediction of project costs on the basis of a minimum of retrograde project information. By combining a parametric cost model and cost result with stochastic character, based on the Monte Carlo method, in one software system, it is possible to significantly improve projectcost estimations.}}, author = {{Otte, Andreas and Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Department of Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Cost prediction, Product realization projects, Monte Carlo method, Parametric cost model, Software tool}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{281--292}}, title = {{{Project Cost Estimator - A Parameter-Based Tool to Predict Product Realization Costs at a Very Early Stage}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{472, abstract = {{In the context of Industrie 4.0 respectively direct digital manufacturing, seamless process chains are an important factor. The objective is to shorten the time between quoting for individually designed products and their production and delivery. Therefore, reliable automated and fast evaluation procedures are needed to ensure the quality of the individually designed products in terms of product safety and reliability. This paper aims to demonstrate how a metamodel, generated on simulated data, adapts to the type of product and delivers the required quality and evaluation procedure. The metamodel guarantees the requested characteristics of the final product without the consultation of human expert knowledge. As proof of concept, a simple, well-documented task from the field of construction has been chosen. The estimation from of the metamodel will meet all safety requirements, is based on the individual input variables and is confirmed without expert interaction. Fast, reliable prediction models deriving from complex simulation models are indispensable conditions for direct digital manufacturing. Using metamodels in automation contexts will be a foundation of manufacturing in future.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Ahlemeyer-Stubbe, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management : proceedings 6th international conference, September 29 and 30, 2016 Lemgo, Germany }}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, keywords = {{Simulation, Metamodel, Computer experiment, Design of experiments}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{269--280}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Expert Knowledge Systems to Ensure Quality and Reliability in Direct Digital Manufacturing Enviroments}}}, volume = {{2016}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{473, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) describes a number of technologies that generate three-dimensional objects directly from CAD data by joining volume elements. Dental technology is one sector in which the benefits of AM come into effect, as parts such as frameworks or implants are unique objects often with freeform shapes. These objects are difficult and expensive to produce with subtractive or formative technology. During the last decades, the application of digital technologies in the dental industry has increased. Therefore AM has also evolved to become a standard dental framework manufacturing process. While previously the dental laboratory did the complete manufacturing of dental frameworks, AM parts are usually produced by service providers, thus increasing the number of process participants. Under these circumstances, a reliable high quality production must be ensured. This requires a comprehensive Quality Management (QM) concept for the whole process chain. A first step in the evelopment of this QM concept is the definition of the product requirements, from which process specifications can be determined. These specifications build the basis for evaluating the process capability of the Additive Manufacturing process.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, keywords = {{Additive Manufacturing, Dental frameworks, Quality management, Digital manufacturing}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{15--26}}, title = {{{Special Requirements for Additive Manufacturing of Dental Frameworks}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @proceedings{333, abstract = {{The annual International Conference on Production Engineering and Management takes place for the sixth time his year, and can therefore be considered a well - established event that is the result of the joint effort of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and the University of Trieste. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program ‘Production Engineering and Management’ by the two partner universities. The main goal of the conference is to provide an opportunity for students, researchers and professionals from Germany, Italy and abroad, to meet and exchange information, discuss experiences, specific practices and technical solutions used in planning, design and management of production and service systems. In addition, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of Symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. Especially the contributions of successful graduates of the Double Degree Master Program ‘Production Engineering and Management’ and those of other postgraduate researchers from several European countries have been enforced. This year’s special focus is on Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0, a topic of great interest for the global industry. The concept is spreading, but the actual solutions must be presented in order to highlight the practical benefits to industry and customers. Indeed, as Henning Banthien, Secretary General of the German ‘Plattform Industrie 4.0’ project office, has recently remarked, “Industry 4.0 requires a close alliance amongst the private sector, academia, politics and trade unions” in order to be “translated into practice and be implemented now”. PEM 2016 takes place between September 29 and 30, 2016 at the OWL University of Applied Sciences in Lemgo. The program is defined by the Organizing and Scientific Committees and clustered into scientific sessions covering topics of main interest and importance to the participants of the conference. The scientific sessions deal with technical and engineering issues, as well as management topics, and include contributions by researchers from academia and industry. The extended abstracts and full papers of the contributions underwent a double - blind review process. The 24 accepted presentations are assigned, according to their subject, to one of the following sessions: ‘Direct Digital Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0’, ‘Industrial Engineering and Lean Management’, ‘Management Techniques and Methodologies’, ‘Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production’ and ‘Innovation Techniques and Methodologies.}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{304}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{432, abstract = {{The trend of increasing technological complexity of machines mainly correlates with the integration of additional functions in machines. Increasing functionality of the machines leads to an increased number of control elements, which limits the clarity of the machine operation and leads to higher cognitive demands in the machine operation. Due to the growing functional range of production machines the demand of usability for the operating systems continues to grow. The selection and design of icons for the identification of controls contributes significantly to usability, especially for intuitive operation of production machines. The aim of this study is to investigate the intuitive usability of production machines, to consider its use of graphical elements (icons) and to derive recommendations for a demand-oriented selection and design of icons. To achieve this goal, laboratory studies at five modern production machines (laser sintering machine, CNC universal lathe, plastic injection molding machine, laser processing machine, woodworking machine) - each with different operating concept - were performed. The results of the study show that the used symbols in the examined machines are only limited self-explanatory and intuitive, and thus have significant deficits for easy and intuitive operation. Especially the combination of screens and electronic keys or switches was often criticized and leads to uncertainty in the operation. As a result, recommendations for the design of icons on production machines are given. }}, author = {{Riediger, Daniel and Hinrichsen, Sven and Schlee, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{Usability, production mach ine, icons, usability, hum an-machine compatibility}}, location = {{Trieste}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{123--130}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Ergonomic Design of Graphical Control Elements on Production Machines}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{585, abstract = {{Many low-cost 3D printers have been brought to market over the last couple of years. Most of them apply a Fused Layer Manufacturing (FLM) process, and have made 3D printing a great success amongst hobbyists, the maker community and students. One drawback of such inexpensive equipment is a limited build envelope, which prevents this from becoming a significant contributor to industrial production. To overcome these limits, it is not sufficient to simply upscale dimensions, but the overall concept of such machines must be completely re-thought, as well as the concepts behind several building blocks, components and the process software system. Problems such as shrinkage of build material, support material and machine parts in combination with long printer head travels, temperature distribution and moisture effects all have to be solved. In addition, larger parts need longer process times. Therefore, reduction of process times and an increase in productivity are necessary in order to enable economic production. Some of these problems can be solved by using more than one printer head for production, by using new materials and inventing new nozzle systems as distinct solutions for big printers. Nevertheless, to solve all these problems, the development of special machines for large parts is necessary: not component-wise but as a whole system. Large parts could then be successfully produced in several industries, using large, inexpensive FLMmachines. }}, author = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Witte, Lars}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{3D printing, FLM, build envelope, large-scale, thermoplastic polymers}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{111--122}}, title = {{{Large Scale 3D-Printers: The Challenge of Outgrowing Do-It-Yourself}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{588, abstract = {{While common measurement techniques like gloss or color measurement are widely used in industry for quality assessment of furniture high gloss surfaces, they indicate only a weak correlation to the quality perceived by the customer. Topography based approaches achieve higher correlation to human perception but are often based on linear measurement which cannot be applied for an overall assessment of larger surfaces. Thus an algorithm was developed to calculate a specific value based on topographic features, such as orange peel, within the research project ‘Development of a comprehensive quality concept for furniture high gloss surfaces’, funded by the federal Ministry of Education and Research. For the evaluation of short waved structures on furniture high gloss surfaces the ratio of hill height to hill area was chosen. This parameter proves to be applicable for an evaluation of the extent of a single. }}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Riegel, Adrian and Dekomien, Kerstin}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{High gloss, surface measurement, topographic features, quality assessment}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{99--110}}, title = {{{Development of an Algorithm for Measuring the Quality of High Gloss Surfaces Correlated to Human Perception}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{597, abstract = {{This paper is aimed to discuss current research using data mining techniques and industry statistics in production environments. The general research approach is based on the idea of using data mining processes and techniques of industry statistics to find rare and hidden patterns behind failures of complex components. A case study will be applied to illustrate how the technique is carried out and where the limits of this approach occur. The case study deals with a component supplier of printing machines, which received an increasing number of client complaints, all related to one distinct problem. The observed failures seem to occur only among clients with very high quality standards. The affected component undergoes a very complex production process with several steps in different departments. Every single production unit records data information from multiple process variables and at different points in time. In the beginning there was no understanding of the failure causes in production at all. Therefore a huge amount of production data had to be analyzed to find the pattern that discloses the failure. The data mining process starts with a first step in which the given data sets are prepared and then cleaned. Followed up by building a prediction model. The aim is to detect the root causes for failures and to predict potential failures in affected components. This paper shows how to use data mining to get the answer on pressing production failures. }}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Ahlemeyer-Stubbe, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management : proceedings, 5th international conference, October 1 and 2, 2015, Trieste, Italy}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{Data mining, production failure, multi-variant analysis, multivariate process control, predictive modelling, case study}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{163--174}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Data Mining: A Potential Detector to Find Failure in Complex Components}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{598, abstract = {{The aerospace sector is characterized by long product life cycles and a need for lightweight design. Additive manufacturing is a technology that produces parts layer by layer and thus enables the manufacturing of any complex parts at nearly no extra costs. A topology optimization enhances the part’s performance for their special purpose. The results are often complex bionic structures that cannot be produced with conventional manufacturing technologies. The paper analyzes how the high potential of this technologycan be applied to aerospace parts. A topology optimization will be conducted for an aircraft part explaining the crucial points and a life cycle analysis examines the achieved sustainable improvements for the aircraft’s life cycle. }}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, topology optimization, aerospace, life cycle costs}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{207--218}}, title = {{{Hybrid Manufacturing Machines: Combining Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Technologies}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{599, abstract = {{Order picking has long been identified as the most labor costly and intensively activity in warehouse management. The orders from the customers need to be fulfilled tightly and timely. In order to keep the required high service level, the warehouse has to increase the picking productivity under the constraints of limited capacity. This paper concerns a man-togoods order picking system, in which the order pickers have to drive with a pallet jack to the storage locations. Considering that the orders are mostly small orders which consist of less lines, it is efficient to combine severalsingle customer orders into one picking order. Under this circumstance, this paper intends to answer the question of how customer orders should be grouped into picking orders with the aim of minimizing the total travel length through the warehouse. Consequently the productivity of the order picking system can be improved. An optimization problem for order batching is introduced. The optimization method of order batching is then proposed. Based on the simulation of different scenarios of incoming orders, it can be concluded that the developed method is effective in improving the productivity of the concerned order picking system. }}, author = {{Li, Li and Schulze, L.}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{Order picking, man-to-goods, order batching, picking productivity, genetic algorithm}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{319--326}}, title = {{{Improving the Productivity of a Man-to-Goods Order Picking System through Optimization of Order Batching}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @proceedings{335, abstract = {{The University of Trieste (Università degli Studi di Trieste) and the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences introduced the International Double Degree Master Program ‘Production Engineering and Management’ in 2011. Its aim is to give students in Italy and Germany, along with other countries, the chance to learn the necessary abilities from lecturers and each other. This Master Program has been accompanied by the International Conference ‘Production Engineering and Management’ from the very beginning. The annual International Conference on Production Engineering and Management took place for the fifth time this year, and can therefore be considered a well-established event originating from the partnership between the University of Trieste (Italy) and the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences (Germany). The main aim of the five conferences has been to bridge the gap between production engineering and management theory and practice, by offering a platform where academia and industry could discuss practical and pressing questions. In this respect, the fifth conference (PEM 2015) continues along the same path of the first four successful conferences, which were held in Pordenone (2011), Lemgo (2012), Trieste (2013) and again in Lemgo (2014). PEM 2015 benefited further from contributions from other universities and from research and industry projects. Especially the contributions of successful graduates of the double degree Master’s program Production Engineering and Management and those of other postgraduate researchers from several European count ries have been enforced in this year. The title ‘An active interaction between university and industry’ introduced two years ago to emphasize lively cooperation proved to be more than appropriate in the conference’s main orientation: • To present current research projects and their results at a highly sophisticated scientific level • To discuss recent developments in industry and society • To bring professionals, specialists and students together • To enable professionals, lecturers and professors to exchange experiences • To familiarize young professionals and students with scientific conference procedures • To give postgraduate and Ph.D. students the chance to present a paper • To show the two partner regions’ uniqueness and performance • To attract students for an international career in the industry • To encourage students to be open-minded about different cultures, mentalities and manners PEM 2015 took place between October 1 and 2, 2015 at the University of Trieste. The program was defined by the Organizing and Scientific Committees and clustered into five scientific sessions. Both universities and their partner organizations debated on these topics by reporting their research, experiences and success stories. The scientific sessions dealt with technical and engineering issues, as well as management topics, and included contributions by researchers from academia and industry. The extended abstracts and full papers of the contributions underwent a double-blind review process. The 35 accepted presentations were assigned, according to their subject, to one of the following sessions:, ‘Industrial Engineering and Lean Management’, ‘Technology and Supporting Services for Manufacturing’, ‘Product Lifecycle, from Concept to Market and Use’, ‘Supply Chain Design and Management’ and ‘Management Practices and Methodologies’. These sessions have been carefully selected by the organizing and scientific committees and are aimed at highlighting some of the current production industry’s most discussed topics. Therefore, the articles sustainability and revolutionary developments in modern industry and cover not only production in a narrower sense, but also new aspects of: innovation and product development, of supply chains, of quality improvement. The proceedings have been drawn together to form 35 full papers of the scientific contributions. The articles were reviewed by the Scientific Committee before being accepted. As the editors of the proceedings, we would like to thank all contributors, the referees who accepted the burden of reviewing the abstracts as well as the full papers and the members of the Organizing Committee and Scientific Committee for planning such an effective conference.}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{418}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2015}}, } @proceedings{589, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-10-3}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, pages = {{301}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, volume = {{10}}, year = {{2014}}, } @proceedings{725, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-09-7}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, pages = {{282}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2013}}, }