---
_id: '13433'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The use of lubricants on electrical connector contacts is essential for certain
    applications in order to reduce mating forces, minimize wear, and mitigate fretting
    corrosion. However, increasing performance requirements (e.g., operation at elevated
    temperatures) and regulatory restrictions are prompting a reassessment of lubricant
    selection. In this study, the influence of three lubricants (one oil and two greases),
    operating temperature (room temperature and 130°C), and applied volume (low, medium
    and high volume) on electrical contact resistance (ECR) and coefficient of friction
    (CoF) is investigated by means of fretting wear tests on silver-plated contacts.
    The results show that unlubricated silver contacts exhibit a longer stable phase
    at 130 °C than at room temperature. For lubricated contacts, service life is influenced
    by both temperature and lubricant volume. Certain lubricants demonstrate earlier
    fail at room temperature than at elevated temperatures. The findings highlight
    the importance of careful selection and optimization of lubricants for electrical
    connectors under varying environmental conditions.
author:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Blauth, Michael
  id: '49095'
  last_name: Blauth
- first_name: Sören
  full_name: Tülling, Sören
  id: '71422'
  last_name: Tülling
- first_name: Jian
  full_name: Song, Jian
  id: '5297'
  last_name: Song
citation:
  ama: Blauth M, Tülling S, Song J. <i>Effect of Operating Temperature and Application
    Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts</i>.
    (ieee-holm, ed.). IEEE; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329">10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329</a>
  apa: Blauth, M., Tülling, S., &#38; Song, J. (2025). Effect of Operating Temperature
    and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated
    Electrical Contacts. In ieee-holm (Ed.), <i>Proceedings of the 70th IEEE Holm
    Conference on Electrical Contacts (HLM)</i>. IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329">https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329</a>
  bjps: '<b>Blauth M, Tülling S and Song J</b> (2025) <i>Effect of Operating Temperature
    and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated
    Electrical Contacts</i>, ieee-holm (ed.). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE.'
  chicago: 'Blauth, Michael, Sören Tülling, and Jian Song. <i>Effect of Operating
    Temperature and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of
    Silver Plated Electrical Contacts</i>. Edited by ieee-holm. <i>Proceedings of
    the 70th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HLM)</i>. Electrical Contacts.
    Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329">https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Blauth, Michael, Sören Tülling und Jian Song. 2025. <i>Effect of Operating
    Temperature and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of
    Silver Plated Electrical Contacts</i>. Hg. von ieee-holm. <i>Proceedings of the
    70th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HLM)</i>. Electrical contacts.
    Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329">10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Blauth, Michael</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Tülling, Sören</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Song,
    Jian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">ieee-holm</span> (Hrsg.):
    <i>Effect of Operating Temperature and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the
    Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts</i>, <i>Electrical contacts</i>.
    Piscataway, NJ : IEEE, 2025'
  havard: M. Blauth, S. Tülling, J. Song, Effect of Operating Temperature and Application
    Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts,
    IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2025.
  ieee: 'M. Blauth, S. Tülling, and J. Song, <i>Effect of Operating Temperature and
    Application Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical
    Contacts</i>. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2025. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329">10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329</a>.'
  mla: Blauth, Michael, et al. “Effect of Operating Temperature and Application Quantity
    of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts.”
    <i>Proceedings of the 70th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HLM)</i>,
    edited by ieee-holm, IEEE, 2025, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329">https://doi.org/10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329</a>.
  short: M. Blauth, S. Tülling, J. Song, Effect of Operating Temperature and Application
    Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts,
    IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2025.
  ufg: '<b>Blauth, Michael/Tülling, Sören/Song, Jian</b>: Effect of Operating Temperature
    and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated
    Electrical Contacts, hg. von ieee-holm, Piscataway, NJ 2025 (Electrical contacts).'
  van: 'Blauth M, Tülling S, Song J. Effect of Operating Temperature and Application
    Quantity of Lubricants on the Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts.
    ieee-holm, editor. Proceedings of the 70th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical
    Contacts (HLM). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE; 2025. (Electrical contacts).'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-10-22
  location: 'San Antonio, TX, USA '
  name: 70th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HLM)
  start_date: 2025-10-15
corporate_editor:
- ieee-holm
date_created: 2026-02-24T14:48:06Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T11:06:57Z
department:
- _id: DEP6000
- _id: DEP6012
doi: 10.1109/hlm51652.2025.11278329
keyword:
- Connectors
- Resistance
- Silver
- Lubricants
- Contacts
- Oils
- Friction
- Corrosion
- Optimization
language:
- iso: eng
place: Piscataway, NJ
publication: Proceedings of the 70th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HLM)
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 979-8-3315-5996-0
  isbn:
  - 979-8-3315-5997-7
  issn:
  - 2158-9992
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
series_title: Electrical contacts
status: public
title: Effect of Operating Temperature and Application Quantity of Lubricants on the
  Fretting Behavior of Silver Plated Electrical Contacts
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83778'
year: '2025'
...
