---
_id: '11160'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The current static risk assessment processes and concepts do not match the
    increasing requirements with regard to flexibility within the industrial automation
    domain. The amount of manual tasks and needed efforts for risk assessments are
    too high in order to adequately cover the rising rate of system reconfigurations.
    Analysing the typical risk assessment processes from the IEC 62443 will show resource
    constraints with regard to time, bottlenecks, and the main cost drivers. If the
    most rewarding process steps can be identified and automated, the overall performance
    of risk assessments can be enhanced to keep up with the demanded flexibility.
author:
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Ehrlich, Marco
  id: '61562'
  last_name: Ehrlich
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Lukas, Georg
  last_name: Lukas
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Trsek, Henning
  id: '1486'
  last_name: Trsek
  orcid: 0000-0002-0133-0656
- first_name: Jürgen
  full_name: Jasperneite, Jürgen
  id: '1899'
  last_name: Jasperneite
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Diedrich, Christian
  last_name: Diedrich
citation:
  ama: 'Ehrlich M, Lukas G, Trsek H, Jasperneite J, Diedrich C. Investigation of Resource
    Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments. In: <i>Workshop
    on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>. IEEE; 2022. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174">10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174</a>'
  apa: Ehrlich, M., Lukas, G., Trsek, H., Jasperneite, J., &#38; Diedrich, C. (2022).
    Investigation of Resource Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security
    Risk Assessments. <i>Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>. 18th
    International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), Pavia, Italy
    . <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174">https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174</a>
  bjps: '<b>Ehrlich M <i>et al.</i></b> (2022) Investigation of Resource Constraints
    for the Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments. <i>Workshop on Factory
    Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>. Pavia, Italy: IEEE.'
  chicago: 'Ehrlich, Marco, Georg Lukas, Henning Trsek, Jürgen Jasperneite, and Christian
    Diedrich. “Investigation of Resource Constraints for the Automation of Industrial
    Security Risk Assessments.” In <i>Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>.
    Pavia, Italy: IEEE, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174">https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Ehrlich, Marco, Georg Lukas, Henning Trsek, Jürgen Jasperneite und
    Christian Diedrich. 2022. Investigation of Resource Constraints for the Automation
    of Industrial Security Risk Assessments. In: <i>Workshop on Factory Communication
    Systems (WFCS)</i>. Pavia, Italy: IEEE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174">10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ehrlich, Marco</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Lukas, Georg</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Trsek,
    Henning</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Jasperneite, Jürgen</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Diedrich, Christian</span>: Investigation
    of Resource Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments.
    In: <i>Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>. Pavia, Italy : IEEE,
    2022'
  havard: 'M. Ehrlich, G. Lukas, H. Trsek, J. Jasperneite, C. Diedrich, Investigation
    of Resource Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments,
    in: Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), IEEE, Pavia, Italy, 2022.'
  ieee: 'M. Ehrlich, G. Lukas, H. Trsek, J. Jasperneite, and C. Diedrich, “Investigation
    of Resource Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments,”
    presented at the 18th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems
    (WFCS), Pavia, Italy , 2022. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174">10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174</a>.'
  mla: Ehrlich, Marco, et al. “Investigation of Resource Constraints for the Automation
    of Industrial Security Risk Assessments.” <i>Workshop on Factory Communication
    Systems (WFCS)</i>, IEEE, 2022, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174">https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174</a>.
  short: 'M. Ehrlich, G. Lukas, H. Trsek, J. Jasperneite, C. Diedrich, in: Workshop
    on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), IEEE, Pavia, Italy, 2022.'
  ufg: '<b>Ehrlich, Marco u. a.</b>: Investigation of Resource Constraints for the
    Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments, in: o. Hg.: Workshop on Factory
    Communication Systems (WFCS), Pavia, Italy 2022.'
  van: 'Ehrlich M, Lukas G, Trsek H, Jasperneite J, Diedrich C. Investigation of Resource
    Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security Risk Assessments. In: Workshop
    on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS). Pavia, Italy: IEEE; 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-04-29
  location: 'Pavia, Italy '
  name: 18th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)
  start_date: 2022-04-27
date_created: 2024-03-01T14:35:07Z
date_updated: 2024-03-05T14:43:24Z
department:
- _id: DEP5023
doi: 10.1109/WFCS53837.2022.9779174
language:
- iso: eng
place: Pavia, Italy
publication: Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - '978-1-6654-1086-1 '
  isbn:
  - 978-1-6654-1087-8
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Investigation of Resource Constraints for the Automation of Industrial Security
  Risk Assessments
type: conference
user_id: '83781'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12793'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Securing factory communication to protect corporate data is an important concern
    in the context of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Various cryptographic
    protocols can be used to establish secure communication channels. One of these
    protocols is the Transport Layer Security 1.3 (TLS 1.3) protocol. A key component
    of the TLS handshake protocol is the Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
    (ECDHKE), a public key cryptosystem used to exchange keys over insecure channels
    which can be based on a number of standardized elliptic curves. A special form
    of elliptic curves are Montgomery curves which are advantageous compared to more
    traditional Weierstrass curves due to their fast arithmetic. This is especially
    important when the ECDHKE is performed on embedded devices and in time-critical
    situations. In this work, the performance of ECDHKE implementations using standardized
    Montgomery curves Curve25519 and Curve448 included in the wolfSSL library are
    evaluated on an embedded 32-bit STM32L476RG Nucleo development board designed
    by STMicroelectronics. The benchmark results show that using Curve25519 with around
    220ms for the key pair generation and the key agreement respectively is approximately
    75% faster than using Curve448 with around 900ms for each of the algorithms, which
    can be attributed to their differing security levels. These results suggest that
    the algorithms might not be fast enough for time critical situations.
author:
- first_name: Lisa Helene
  full_name: Gebauer, Lisa Helene
  id: '76524'
  last_name: Gebauer
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Trsek, Henning
  id: '1486'
  last_name: Trsek
  orcid: 0000-0002-0133-0656
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Heiss, Stefan
  id: '1031'
  last_name: Heiss
citation:
  ama: Gebauer LH, Trsek H, Heiss S. <i>Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking
    Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System</i>.
    (inIT /TH-OWL, Università degli studi di Pavia , eds.). IEEE; 2022:207-210. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189">10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189</a>
  apa: Gebauer, L. H., Trsek, H., &#38; Heiss, S. (2022). Secure Communication in
    Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations
    on an Embedded System. In inIT /TH-OWL &#38; Università degli studi di Pavia  (Eds.),
    <i>2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>
    (pp. 207–210). IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189">https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189</a>
  bjps: '<b>Gebauer LH, Trsek H and Heiss S</b> (2022) <i>Secure Communication in
    Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations
    on an Embedded System</i>, inIT /TH-OWL and Università degli studi di Pavia  (eds).
    [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE.'
  chicago: 'Gebauer, Lisa Helene, Henning Trsek, and Stefan Heiss. <i>Secure Communication
    in Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations
    on an Embedded System</i>. Edited by inIT /TH-OWL and Università degli studi di
    Pavia . <i>2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems
    (WFCS)</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189">https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Gebauer, Lisa Helene, Henning Trsek und Stefan Heiss. 2022. <i>Secure
    Communication in Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
    Implementations on an Embedded System</i>. Hg. von inIT /TH-OWL und Università
    degli studi di Pavia . <i>2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Factory Communication
    Systems (WFCS)</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189">10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gebauer, Lisa Helene</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Trsek, Henning</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Heiss,
    Stefan</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">inIT /TH-OWL</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Università degli studi di Pavia </span> (Hrsg.):
    <i>Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman
    Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System</i>. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE,
    2022'
  havard: L.H. Gebauer, H. Trsek, S. Heiss, Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking
    Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System,
    IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2022.
  ieee: 'L. H. Gebauer, H. Trsek, and S. Heiss, <i>Secure Communication in Factories
    - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations on an
    Embedded System</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2022, pp. 207–210. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189">10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189</a>.'
  mla: Gebauer, Lisa Helene, et al. “Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking
    Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System.”
    <i>2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)</i>,
    edited by inIT /TH-OWL and Università degli studi di Pavia , IEEE, 2022, pp. 207–10,
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189">https://doi.org/10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189</a>.
  short: L.H. Gebauer, H. Trsek, S. Heiss, Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking
    Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System,
    IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2022.
  ufg: '<b>Gebauer, Lisa Helene/Trsek, Henning/Heiss, Stefan</b>: Secure Communication
    in Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations
    on an Embedded System, hg. von inIT /TH-OWL, Università degli studi di Pavia ,
    [Piscataway, NJ] 2022.'
  van: 'Gebauer LH, Trsek H, Heiss S. Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking
    Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System.
    inIT /TH-OWL, Università degli studi di Pavia , editors. 2022 IEEE 18th International
    Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS). [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE; 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-04-29
  location: Pavia, ITALY
  name: 18th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS) -
    Communication in Automation
  start_date: 2022-04-27
corporate_editor:
- inIT /TH-OWL
- 'Università degli studi di Pavia '
date_created: 2025-04-15T09:36:32Z
date_updated: 2025-04-15T09:42:27Z
department:
- _id: DEP5023
- _id: DEP5000
doi: 10.1109/wfcs53837.2022.9779189
keyword:
- secure
- factory communication
- elliptic curves
- ECDHKE
- performance
- embedded
language:
- iso: eng
page: 207-210
place: '[Piscataway, NJ]'
publication: 2022 IEEE 18th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems
  (WFCS)
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-1-6654-1086-1
  isbn:
  - 978-1-6654-1087-8
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Secure Communication in Factories - Benchmarking Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman
  Key Exchange Implementations on an Embedded System
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2022'
...