---
_id: '13291'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the automated generation
    of assembly instructions shows significant potential for improving work preparation
    in production processes. However, challenges remain regarding the overall information
    quality and precision of the generated instructions. In light of these challenges,
    this study explores how the information quality of automatically generated assembly
    instructions can be enhanced through the targeted provision of structured input
    data, such as Assembly and Quantity BOMs (Bills of Materials), as well as the
    use of optimized prompt chaining techniques. The methodology employs ChatGPT-4o
    in combination with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) within the Microsoft
    Azure environment. The results demonstrate that structured data inputs, particularly
    the use of Assembly BOMs with defined Tool-to-Component relations, significantly
    improve the precision and relevance of the generated instructions. Despite these
    advancements, achieving consistent information quality remains a barrier to broader
    practical implementation. Therefore, feedback loops should be integrated into
    the assembly instruction generation process to ensure continuous refinement and
    reliability. Future research should investigate the use of RAG or similar frameworks,
    focusing on optimizing data structures and implementing feedback mechanisms to
    enhance the automated generation of assembly instructions.
author:
- first_name: Robin
  full_name: Herbort, Robin
  id: '86239'
  last_name: Herbort
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Green, Dominik
  id: '85489'
  last_name: Green
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Hinrichsen, Sven
  id: '49010'
  last_name: Hinrichsen
citation:
  ama: Herbort R, Green D, Hinrichsen S. <i>Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>. Vol 160. (Ahram T, Karwowski W, Martino
    C, Di Bucchianico G, Maselli V, eds.). AHFE ; 2025:765-775. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>
  apa: 'Herbort, R., Green, D., &#38; Hinrichsen, S. (2025). Automatic Creation of
    Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation. In T. Ahram, W.
    Karwowski, C. Martino, G. Di Bucchianico, &#38; V. Maselli (Eds.), <i>Intelligent
    Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems</i>
    (Vol. 160, pp. 765–775). AHFE . <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Herbort R, Green D and Hinrichsen S</b> (2025) <i>Automatic Creation of
    Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>, Ahram T et
    al. (eds). New York, NY: AHFE .'
  chicago: 'Herbort, Robin, Dominik Green, and Sven Hinrichsen. <i>Automatic Creation
    of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>. Edited by
    Tareq  Ahram, Waldemar  Karwowski, Carlo  Martino, Giuseppe  Di Bucchianico, and
    Vincenzo  Maselli. <i>Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating
    People and Intelligent Systems</i>. Vol. 160. AHFE International. New York, NY:
    AHFE , 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Herbort, Robin, Dominik Green und Sven Hinrichsen. 2025. <i>Automatic
    Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>.
    Hg. von Tareq  Ahram, Waldemar  Karwowski, Carlo  Martino, Giuseppe  Di Bucchianico,
    und Vincenzo  Maselli. <i>Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating
    People and Intelligent Systems</i>. Bd. 160. AHFE International. New York, NY:
    AHFE . doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Herbort, Robin</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Green, Dominik</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hinrichsen,
    Sven</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ahram, T.</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Karwowski, W.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Martino,
    C.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Di Bucchianico, G.</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Maselli, V.</span> (Hrsg.): <i>Automatic
    Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>,
    <i>AHFE International</i>. Bd. 160. New York, NY : AHFE , 2025'
  havard: R. Herbort, D. Green, S. Hinrichsen, Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation, AHFE , New York, NY, 2025.
  ieee: 'R. Herbort, D. Green, and S. Hinrichsen, <i>Automatic Creation of Assembly
    Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>, vol. 160. New York,
    NY: AHFE , 2025, pp. 765–775. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>.'
  mla: 'Herbort, Robin, et al. “Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using
    Retrieval Augmented Generation.” <i>Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI
    2025): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems</i>, edited by Tareq  Ahram
    et al., vol. 160, AHFE , 2025, pp. 765–75, <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>.'
  short: R. Herbort, D. Green, S. Hinrichsen, Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation, AHFE , New York, NY, 2025.
  ufg: '<b>Herbort, Robin/Green, Dominik/Hinrichsen, Sven</b>: Automatic Creation
    of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation, Bd. 160, hg.
    von Ahram, Tareq u. a., New York, NY 2025 (AHFE International).'
  van: 'Herbort R, Green D, Hinrichsen S. Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation. Ahram T, Karwowski W, Martino C, Di Bucchianico
    G, Maselli V, editors. Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating
    People and Intelligent Systems. New York, NY: AHFE ; 2025. (AHFE International;
    vol. 160).'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-02-26
  location: Rome, Italy
  name: 8th International Conference on Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI
    2025)
  start_date: 2025-02-24
date_created: 2025-11-10T15:56:45Z
date_updated: 2026-01-12T09:39:25Z
department:
- _id: DEP7020
doi: 10.54941/ahfe1005883
editor:
- first_name: 'Tareq '
  full_name: 'Ahram, Tareq '
  last_name: Ahram
- first_name: 'Waldemar '
  full_name: 'Karwowski, Waldemar '
  last_name: Karwowski
- first_name: 'Carlo '
  full_name: 'Martino, Carlo '
  last_name: Martino
- first_name: 'Giuseppe '
  full_name: 'Di Bucchianico, Giuseppe '
  last_name: Di Bucchianico
- first_name: 'Vincenzo '
  full_name: 'Maselli, Vincenzo '
  last_name: Maselli
intvolume: '       160'
keyword:
- Assembly Instruction
- Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
- Large Language Model (LLM)
language:
- iso: eng
page: 765-775
place: New York, NY
publication: 'Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People
  and Intelligent Systems'
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-1-964867-36-6
  issn:
  - 2771-0718
publication_status: published
publisher: 'AHFE '
series_title: AHFE International
status: public
title: Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 160
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '13292'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the automated generation
    of assembly instructions shows significant potential for improving work preparation
    in production processes. However, challenges remain regarding the overall information
    quality and precision of the generated instructions. In light of these challenges,
    this study explores how the information quality of automatically generated assembly
    instructions can be enhanced through the targeted provision of structured input
    data, such as Assembly and Quantity BOMs (Bills of Materials), as well as the
    use of optimized prompt chaining techniques. The methodology employs ChatGPT-4o
    in combination with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) within the Microsoft
    Azure environment. The results demonstrate that structured data inputs, particularly
    the use of Assembly BOMs with defined Tool-to-Component relations, significantly
    improve the precision and relevance of the generated instructions. Despite these
    advancements, achieving consistent information quality remains a barrier to broader
    practical implementation. Therefore, feedback loops should be integrated into
    the assembly instruction generation process to ensure continuous refinement and
    reliability. Future research should investigate the use of RAG or similar frameworks,
    focusing on optimizing data structures and implementing feedback mechanisms to
    enhance the automated generation of assembly instructions.
author:
- first_name: Robin
  full_name: Herbort, Robin
  id: '70575'
  last_name: Herbort
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Green, Dominik
  id: '85489'
  last_name: Green
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Hinrichsen, Sven
  id: '49010'
  last_name: Hinrichsen
citation:
  ama: Herbort R, Green D, Hinrichsen S. <i>Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>. Vol 160. (Ahram T, Karwowski W, Martino
    C, Di Bucchianico G, Maselli V, eds.). AHFE; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>
  apa: 'Herbort, R., Green, D., &#38; Hinrichsen, S. (2025). Automatic Creation of
    Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation. In T. Ahram, W.
    Karwowski, C. Martino, G. Di Bucchianico, &#38; V. Maselli (Eds.), <i>Intelligent
    Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems</i>
    (Vol. 160). AHFE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Herbort R, Green D and Hinrichsen S</b> (2025) <i>Automatic Creation of
    Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>, Ahram T et
    al. (eds). New York, NY: AHFE.'
  chicago: 'Herbort, Robin, Dominik Green, and Sven Hinrichsen. <i>Automatic Creation
    of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>. Edited by
    Tareq Ahram, Waldemar Karwowski, Carlo Martino, Giuseppe Di Bucchianico, and Vincenzo
    Maselli. <i>Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People
    and Intelligent Systems</i>. Vol. 160. AHFE International. New York, NY: AHFE,
    2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Herbort, Robin, Dominik Green und Sven Hinrichsen. 2025. <i>Automatic
    Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>.
    Hg. von Tareq Ahram, Waldemar Karwowski, Carlo Martino, Giuseppe Di Bucchianico,
    und Vincenzo Maselli. <i>Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating
    People and Intelligent Systems</i>. Bd. 160. AHFE International. New York, NY:
    AHFE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Herbort, Robin</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Green, Dominik</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hinrichsen,
    Sven</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ahram, T.</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Karwowski, W.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Martino,
    C.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Di Bucchianico, G.</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Maselli, V.</span> (Hrsg.): <i>Automatic
    Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>,
    <i>AHFE International</i>. Bd. 160. New York, NY : AHFE, 2025'
  havard: R. Herbort, D. Green, S. Hinrichsen, Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation, AHFE, New York, NY, 2025.
  ieee: 'R. Herbort, D. Green, and S. Hinrichsen, <i>Automatic Creation of Assembly
    Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation</i>, vol. 160. New York,
    NY: AHFE, 2025. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>.'
  mla: 'Herbort, Robin, et al. “Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using
    Retrieval Augmented Generation.” <i>Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI
    2025): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems</i>, edited by Tareq Ahram et
    al., vol. 160, AHFE, 2025, <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883</a>.'
  short: R. Herbort, D. Green, S. Hinrichsen, Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation, AHFE, New York, NY, 2025.
  ufg: '<b>Herbort, Robin/Green, Dominik/Hinrichsen, Sven</b>: Automatic Creation
    of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation, Bd. 160, hg.
    von Ahram, Tareq u. a., New York, NY 2025 (AHFE International).'
  van: 'Herbort R, Green D, Hinrichsen S. Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions
    by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation. Ahram T, Karwowski W, Martino C, Di Bucchianico
    G, Maselli V, editors. Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating
    People and Intelligent Systems. New York, NY: AHFE; 2025. (AHFE International;
    vol. 160).'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-02-26
  location: Rome
  name: Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI)
  start_date: 2025-02-24
date_created: 2025-11-10T15:56:46Z
date_updated: 2025-11-24T08:28:55Z
department:
- _id: DEP7020
- _id: DEP1305
doi: 10.54941/ahfe1005883
editor:
- first_name: Tareq
  full_name: Ahram, Tareq
  last_name: Ahram
- first_name: Waldemar
  full_name: Karwowski, Waldemar
  last_name: Karwowski
- first_name: Carlo
  full_name: Martino, Carlo
  last_name: Martino
- first_name: Giuseppe
  full_name: Di Bucchianico, Giuseppe
  last_name: Di Bucchianico
- first_name: Vincenzo
  full_name: Maselli, Vincenzo
  last_name: Maselli
intvolume: '       160'
keyword:
- Retrieval Augmented Generation
- Large Language Model
- Assembly Instructions
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005883
oa: '1'
place: New York, NY
publication: 'Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People
  and Intelligent Systems'
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-1-964867-36-6
  issn:
  - 2771-0718
publication_status: published
publisher: AHFE
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: AHFE International
status: public
title: Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 160
year: '2025'
...