---
_id: '12807'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Writing chorales in the style of Bach has been a music theory exercise for
    generations of music students. As such it is not surprising that automatic Bach
    chorale harmonization has been a topic in music technology for decades. We suggest
    several improvements to current neural network solutions based on musicological
    insights into human choral composition practices. Evaluations with expert listeners
    show that the generated chorales closely resemble Bach's harmonization style.
author:
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Leemhuis, Alexander
  last_name: Leemhuis
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Waloschek, Simon
  last_name: Waloschek
- first_name: Aristotelis
  full_name: Hadjakos, Aristotelis
  id: '58704'
  last_name: Hadjakos
citation:
  ama: Leemhuis A, Waloschek S, Hadjakos A. <i>Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically
    Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization</i>. Vol 1168. (Cellier P, Driessens
    K, eds.). Springer International Publishing; 2020:462-469. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39">10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39</a>
  apa: 'Leemhuis, A., Waloschek, S., &#38; Hadjakos, A. (2020). Bacher than Bach?
    On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization. In P. Cellier
    &#38; K. Driessens (Eds.), <i>Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases :
    International Workshops of ECML PKDD 2019</i> (Vol. 1168, pp. 462–469). Springer
    International Publishing. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Leemhuis A, Waloschek S and Hadjakos A</b> (2020) <i>Bacher than Bach?
    On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization</i>, Cellier P
    and Driessens K (eds). Cham: Springer International Publishing.'
  chicago: 'Leemhuis, Alexander, Simon Waloschek, and Aristotelis Hadjakos. <i>Bacher
    than Bach? On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization</i>.
    Edited by Peggy Cellier and Kurt Driessens. <i>Machine Learning and Knowledge
    Discovery in Databases : International Workshops of ECML PKDD 2019</i>. Vol. 1168.
    Communications in Computer and Information Science . Cham: Springer International
    Publishing, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Leemhuis, Alexander, Simon Waloschek und Aristotelis Hadjakos. 2020.
    <i>Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization</i>.
    Hg. von Peggy Cellier und Kurt Driessens. <i>Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery
    in Databases : International Workshops of ECML PKDD 2019</i>. Bd. 1168. Communications
    in Computer and Information Science . Cham: Springer International Publishing.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39">10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Leemhuis, Alexander</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Waloschek, Simon</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hadjakos,
    Aristotelis</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cellier, P.</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Driessens, K.</span> (Hrsg.): <i>Bacher
    than Bach? On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization</i>,
    <i>Communications in Computer and Information Science </i>. Bd. 1168. Cham : Springer
    International Publishing, 2020'
  havard: A. Leemhuis, S. Waloschek, A. Hadjakos, Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically
    Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization, Springer International Publishing,
    Cham, 2020.
  ieee: 'A. Leemhuis, S. Waloschek, and A. Hadjakos, <i>Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically
    Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization</i>, vol. 1168. Cham: Springer International
    Publishing, 2020, pp. 462–469. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39">10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39</a>.'
  mla: 'Leemhuis, Alexander, et al. “Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically Informed
    AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization.” <i>Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery
    in Databases : International Workshops of ECML PKDD 2019</i>, edited by Peggy
    Cellier and Kurt Driessens, vol. 1168, Springer International Publishing, 2020,
    pp. 462–69, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39</a>.'
  short: A. Leemhuis, S. Waloschek, A. Hadjakos, Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically
    Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization, Springer International Publishing,
    Cham, 2020.
  ufg: '<b>Leemhuis, Alexander/Waloschek, Simon/Hadjakos, Aristotelis</b>: Bacher
    than Bach? On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization, Bd.
    1168, hg. von Cellier, Peggy/Driessens, Kurt, Cham 2020 (Communications in Computer
    and Information Science ).'
  van: 'Leemhuis A, Waloschek S, Hadjakos A. Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically
    Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization. Cellier P, Driessens K, editors.
    Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases : International Workshops
    of ECML PKDD 2019. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2020. (Communications
    in Computer and Information Science ; vol. 1168).'
conference:
  end_date: 2019-09-20
  location: Würzburg
  name: European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge
    Discovery in Databases (ECML PKDD)
  start_date: 2019-09-16
date_created: 2025-04-16T07:52:39Z
date_updated: 2025-06-26T13:36:14Z
department:
- _id: DEP2000
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-43887-6_39
editor:
- first_name: Peggy
  full_name: Cellier, Peggy
  last_name: Cellier
- first_name: Kurt
  full_name: Driessens, Kurt
  last_name: Driessens
intvolume: '      1168'
keyword:
- Bach chorale harmonization
- Deep learning
- Beam search
language:
- iso: eng
page: 462–469
place: Cham
publication: 'Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases : International
  Workshops of ECML PKDD 2019'
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-3-030-43887-6
  eissn:
  - 1865-0937
  isbn:
  - 978-3-030-43886-9
  issn:
  - 1865-0929
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer International Publishing
series_title: 'Communications in Computer and Information Science '
status: public
title: Bacher than Bach? On Musicologically Informed AI-Based Bach Chorale Harmonization
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 1168
year: '2020'
...