@misc{11359,
  abstract     = {{The reliability and lifetime of electrical contacts is an important aspect in system reliability and is influenced by numerous factors. Micro motions as well as vibrations lead to fretting wear, which can result in wear through of the protective coating. If this layer is worn through, the non-noble layer underneath is exposed, resulting in the occurrence of fretting corrosion with further relative motion. This leads to an increased electrical contact resistance (ECR) and can cause the contact to fail. Increasing the hardness of the coating material can reduce the wear and in turn increase contacts’ lifetime. The micro hardness, wear and lifetime of contacts with modified hard silver coatings are investigated in fretting wear and corrosion tests and the results compared to a conventional silver coating. Since one of the modifications shows a significant reduction in wear and hence improvement in lifetime, further analysis with SEM and FIB is conducted in order to identify the key mechanisms leading to this improvement. With a further increase in lifetime however, fatigue as well as delamination of the coating are revealed to be of high relevance. Both can be main causes of electrical contact failure under fretting load. In general, at lower number of cycles, increased micro hardness has the greatest effect on lifetime and wear while at the higher number of cycles, fatigue is observed to be the dominant failure mechanism.}},
  author       = {{Probst, Roman and Song, Jian}},
  booktitle    = {{2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)}},
  isbn         = {{979‐8‐3503‐4244‐4}},
  issn         = {{2158‐9992}},
  keywords     = {{electrical contacts, lifetime, silver coating, fretting corrosion, fatigue, wear through}},
  location     = {{Seattle }},
  pages        = {{88 -- 94}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{11360,
  abstract     = {{The state of health and lifetime estimation process of electrical connectors via lifetime tests is a time and labor intensive process. In our previous work, a correlation between the contact resistance developments in the early stages of lifetime tests of electrical connectors with the final results was established using a data driven statistical process based on probability distribution. Also, state of health indicators for prognosis of lifetime were introduced. In this work, the state of health indicators have been optimized. The sensitivity analysis is performed with regards to the selection of the appropriate amount of test data based on test duration for the reliable prognosis of the state of health and the characteristic lifetime. Through this the possibility of further reduction of test duration required for the reliable prognosis of state of health is investigated. Based on the results of analysis, a guideline for the determination of the duration of lifetime tests which lead to a reliable prediction of lifetime of connectors can be provided. Also, an assessment of the state of art in the prognosis of the lifetime of electrical connectors has been presented.}},
  author       = {{Song, Jian and Shukla, Abhay Rammurti and Probst, Roman}},
  booktitle    = {{2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)}},
  isbn         = {{979‐8‐3503‐4244‐4}},
  issn         = {{2158‐9992}},
  keywords     = {{accelerated life testing, test duration, contact resistance, statistical model, connector reliability}},
  location     = {{Seattle}},
  pages        = {{200--208}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}