[{"status":"public","department":[{"_id":"DEP6012"}],"year":"2023","user_id":"83781","conference":{"location":"Seattle ","name":"68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)","end_date":"2023-10-11","start_date":"2023-10-04"},"page":"88 - 94","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The reliability and lifetime of electrical contacts is an important aspect in system reliability and is influenced by numerous factors. Micro motions as well as vibrations lead to fretting wear, which can result in wear through of the protective coating. If this layer is worn through, the non-noble layer underneath is exposed, resulting in the occurrence of fretting corrosion with further relative motion. This leads to an increased electrical contact resistance (ECR) and can cause the contact to fail. Increasing the hardness of the coating material can reduce the wear and in turn increase contacts’ lifetime. The micro hardness, wear and lifetime of contacts with modified hard silver coatings are investigated in fretting wear and corrosion tests and the results compared to a conventional silver coating. Since one of the modifications shows a significant reduction in wear and hence improvement in lifetime, further analysis with SEM and FIB is conducted in order to identify the key mechanisms leading to this improvement. With a further increase in lifetime however, fatigue as well as delamination of the coating are revealed to be of high relevance. Both can be main causes of electrical contact failure under fretting load. In general, at lower number of cycles, increased micro hardness has the greatest effect on lifetime and wear while at the higher number of cycles, fatigue is observed to be the dominant failure mechanism."}],"keyword":["electrical contacts","lifetime","silver coating","fretting corrosion","fatigue","wear through"],"publisher":"IEEE","type":"conference_editor_article","doi":"10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299","date_updated":"2025-06-26T07:54:13Z","publication":"2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)","series_title":"Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts","_id":"11359","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-04-18T10:05:51Z","publication_status":"published","place":"[Piscataway, NJ]","citation":{"short":"R. Probst, J. Song, Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2023.","apa":"Probst, R., &#38; Song, J. (2023). Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests. In <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i> (pp. 88–94). IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299\">https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299</a>","mla":"Probst, Roman, and Jian Song. “Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests.” <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i>, IEEE, 2023, pp. 88–94, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299\">https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299</a>.","ufg":"<b>Probst, Roman/Song, Jian</b>: Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests, [Piscataway, NJ] 2023 (Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts).","chicago-de":"Probst, Roman und Jian Song. 2023. <i>Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests</i>. <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i>. Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299\">10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299</a>, .","havard":"R. Probst, J. Song, Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2023.","bjps":"<b>Probst R and Song J</b> (2023) <i>Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Probst, Roman</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Song, Jian</span>: <i>Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests</i>, <i>Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts</i>. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE, 2023","chicago":"Probst, Roman, and Jian Song. <i>Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests</i>. <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i>. Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299\">https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299</a>.","ieee":"R. Probst and J. Song, <i>Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2023, pp. 88–94. doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299\">10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299</a>.","ama":"Probst R, Song J. <i>Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests</i>. IEEE; 2023:88-94. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299\">10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352299</a>","van":"Probst R, Song J. Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests. 2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM). [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE; 2023. (Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts)."},"publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["979‐8‐3503‐4246‐8 ","979‐8‐3503‐4245‐1"],"isbn":["979‐8‐3503‐4244‐4"],"issn":["2158‐9992"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Roman","full_name":"Probst, Roman","id":"69156","last_name":"Probst"},{"last_name":"Song","id":"5297","full_name":"Song, Jian","first_name":"Jian"}],"title":"Influence of Hardness and Fatigue on the Lifetime of a Modified Silver Coating in Fretting Wear and Corrosion Tests"},{"user_id":"83781","year":"2023","status":"public","keyword":["accelerated life testing","test duration","contact resistance","statistical model","connector reliability"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The state of health and lifetime estimation process of electrical connectors via lifetime tests is a time and labor intensive process. In our previous work, a correlation between the contact resistance developments in the early stages of lifetime tests of electrical connectors with the final results was established using a data driven statistical process based on probability distribution. Also, state of health indicators for prognosis of lifetime were introduced. In this work, the state of health indicators have been optimized. The sensitivity analysis is performed with regards to the selection of the appropriate amount of test data based on test duration for the reliable prognosis of the state of health and the characteristic lifetime. Through this the possibility of further reduction of test duration required for the reliable prognosis of state of health is investigated. Based on the results of analysis, a guideline for the determination of the duration of lifetime tests which lead to a reliable prediction of lifetime of connectors can be provided. Also, an assessment of the state of art in the prognosis of the lifetime of electrical connectors has been presented."}],"page":"200-208","conference":{"location":"Seattle","start_date":"2023-10-04","end_date":"2023-10-11","name":"68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)"},"type":"conference_editor_article","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279","date_updated":"2025-06-26T07:54:50Z","series_title":"Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts","publication":"2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)","_id":"11360","author":[{"first_name":"Jian","last_name":"Song","id":"5297","full_name":"Song, Jian"},{"first_name":"Abhay Rammurti","full_name":"Shukla, Abhay Rammurti","id":"74188","last_name":"Shukla"},{"last_name":"Probst","id":"69156","full_name":"Probst, Roman","first_name":"Roman"}],"publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["979‐8‐3503‐4246‐8","979‐8‐3503‐4245‐1 "],"issn":["2158-9992"],"eissn":["2158‐9992"],"isbn":["979‐8‐3503‐4244‐4"]},"place":"[Piscataway, NJ]","citation":{"ufg":"<b>Song, Jian/Shukla, Abhay Rammurti/Probst, Roman</b>: Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors, [Piscataway, NJ] 2023 (Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts).","chicago-de":"Song, Jian, Abhay Rammurti Shukla und Roman Probst. 2023. <i>Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors</i>. <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i>. Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279\">10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279</a>, .","short":"J. Song, A.R. Shukla, R. Probst, Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2023.","apa":"Song, J., Shukla, A. R., &#38; Probst, R. (2023). Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors. In <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i> (pp. 200–208). IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279\">https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279</a>","mla":"Song, Jian, et al. “Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors.” <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i>, IEEE, 2023, pp. 200–08, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279\">https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279</a>.","havard":"J. Song, A.R. Shukla, R. Probst, Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2023.","chicago":"Song, Jian, Abhay Rammurti Shukla, and Roman Probst. <i>Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors</i>. <i>2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)</i>. Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279\">https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279</a>.","bjps":"<b>Song J, Shukla AR and Probst R</b> (2023) <i>Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Song, Jian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Shukla, Abhay Rammurti</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Probst, Roman</span>: <i>Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors</i>, <i>Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts</i>. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE, 2023","ama":"Song J, Shukla AR, Probst R. <i>Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors</i>. IEEE; 2023:200-208. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279\">10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279</a>","van":"Song J, Shukla AR, Probst R. Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors. 2023 IEEE 68th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM). [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE; 2023. (Electrical Contacts-IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts).","ieee":"J. Song, A. R. Shukla, and R. Probst, <i>Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2023, pp. 200–208. doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279\">10.1109/holm56075.2023.10352279</a>."},"date_created":"2024-04-18T10:11:50Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","title":"Advances in Evaluation of State of Health of Electrical Connectors"}]