@misc{12958,
  abstract     = {{Cytotoxic macrocyclic trichothecenes such as satratoxins are produced by chemotype S strains of Stachybotrys chartarum. Diseases such as stachybotryotoxicosis in animals and the sick building syndrome as a multifactorial disease complex in humans have been associated with this mold and its toxins. Less toxic non-chemotype S strains of S. chartarum are morphologically indistinguishable from chemotype S strains, which results in uncertainties in hazard characterization of isolates. To selectively identify macrocyclic trichothecene producing S. chartarum isolates, a set of sat14 gene-specific primers was designed and applied in a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay using neutral red for visual signal detection. The assay was highly specific for S. chartarum strains of the macrocyclic trichothecene producing chemotype and showed no cross-reaction with non-macrocyclic trichothecene producing S. chartarum strains or 152 strains of 131 other fungal species. The assay’s detection limit was 0.635 pg/rxn (picogram per reaction) with a reaction time of 60 min. Its high specificity and sensitivity as well as the cost-saving properties make the new assay an interesting and powerful diagnostic tool for easy and rapid testing.}},
  author       = {{Köck, Johannes and Gottschalk, Christoph and Ulrich, Sebastian and Schwaiger, Karin and Gareis, Manfred and Niessen, Ludwig}},
  booktitle    = {{Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry and Analusis}},
  issn         = {{1618-2650}},
  keywords     = {{Aspergillus nidulans, Basidiomycetes, Fungi, Strigolactone, Liquid chromatography, Solid-phase microextraction}},
  number       = {{19}},
  pages        = {{4801--4813}},
  publisher    = {{Springer }},
  title        = {{{Rapid and selective detection of macrocyclic trichothecene producing Stachybotrys chartarum strains by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00216-021-03436-y}},
  volume       = {{413}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@misc{12977,
  abstract     = {{Stachybotrys (S.) spp. are omnipresent cellulolytic molds. Some species are highly toxic owing to their ability to synthesize various secondary metabolites such as macrocyclic trichothecenes or hemolysins. The reliable identification of Stachybotrys at species level is currently limited to genome-based identification. This study aimed to establish a fast and reliable MALDI-TOF MS identification method by optimizing the pre-analytical steps for protein extraction for subsequent generation of high-quality fingerprint mass spectra. Eight reference strains of the American Type Culture Collection and the Technical University of Denmark were cultivated in triplicate (biological repetitions) for 2 days in malt extract broth. The mycelia (1.5 ml) were first washed with 75 % ethanol and an additional washing step with dimethyl sulfoxide (10 %) was added to remove unspecific low weight masses. Furthermore, mycelia were broken with roughened glass beads in formic acid (70 %) and acetonitrile. The method was successfully applied to a total of 45 isolates of Stachybotrys originating from three different habitats (indoor, feed, and food samples; n = 15 each): Twenty-seven isolates of S. chartarum and 18 isolates of S. chlorohalonata could be identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The data obtained exactly matched those obtained by genome-based identification. The mean score values for S. chartarum ranged from 2.509 to 2.739 and from 2.148 to 2.622 for S. chlorohalonata with a very good reproducibility: the relative standard deviations were between 0.3 % and 6.8 %. Thus, MALDI-TOF MS proved to be a fast and reliable alternative to identification of Stachybotrys spp. by nucleotide amplification and sequencing.}},
  author       = {{Ulrich, Sebastian and Biermaier, Barbara and Bader, Oliver and Wolf, Georg and Straubinger, Reinhard K. and Didier, Andrea and Sperner, Brigitte and Schwaiger, Karin and Gareis, Manfred and Gottschalk, Christoph}},
  booktitle    = {{  Analytical & bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica}},
  issn         = {{1618-2650}},
  keywords     = {{Stachybotrys spp, MALDI-TOF MS, Mass spectrometry, Filamentous fungi}},
  number       = {{27}},
  pages        = {{7565--7581}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  title        = {{{Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9}},
  volume       = {{408}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}