---
_id: '13678'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The previous methodology for optimizing CO2 emissions and electricity costs
    in industrial applications is extended by integrating dynamic load shifting with
    battery energy storage. Building on earlier work that employed Mixed-Integer Linear
    Programming (MILP) to manage a stationary battery based on real-time electricity
    prices and CO2 intensity signals, two industrial machines and one electric vehicle
    (EV) are now incorporated as additional shiftable loads. These new elements introduce
    further operational constraints while enhancing energy management flexibility.
    The framework employs an adjustable weighting factor λ to balance environmental
    impact and cost, and comparative analyses across three scenarios—battery-only,
    load-shifting-only, and combined—demonstrate nearly additive CO2 reductions alongside
    non-additive cost improvements, underscoring the synergistic potential for environmental
    benefits despite diminishing cost returns. Moreover, validation against dynamic
    programming confirms the MILP approach’s accuracy and computational efficiency.
author:
- first_name: Seyed Davood
  full_name: Mousavi, Seyed Davood
  id: '79148'
  last_name: Mousavi
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Schulte, Thomas
  id: '46242'
  last_name: Schulte
citation:
  ama: Mousavi SD, Schulte T. <i>Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction and
    Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories</i>. (University of Buner,
    Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye, ICECCE, eds.). IEEE; 2026. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530">10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530</a>
  apa: Mousavi, S. D., &#38; Schulte, T. (2026). Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for
    CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories. In University
    of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye &#38; ICECCE (Eds.), <i>2025
    5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)</i>.
    IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530">https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530</a>
  bjps: '<b>Mousavi SD and Schulte T</b> (2026) <i>Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for
    CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories</i>, University
    of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye and ICECCE (eds). [Piscataway,
    NJ]: IEEE.'
  chicago: 'Mousavi, Seyed Davood, and Thomas Schulte. <i>Enhanced Dynamic Optimization
    for CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories</i>.
    Edited by University of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye and ICECCE.
    <i>2025 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies
    (ICECET)</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530">https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Mousavi, Seyed Davood und Thomas Schulte. 2026. <i>Enhanced Dynamic
    Optimization for CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart
    Factories</i>. Hg. von University of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye
    und ICECCE. <i>2025 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy
    Technologies (ICECET)</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530">10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Mousavi, Seyed Davood</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schulte, Thomas</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">University
    of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">ICECCE</span>
    (Hrsg.): <i>Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through
    Load Shifting in Smart Factories</i>. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE, 2026'
  havard: S.D. Mousavi, T. Schulte, Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction
    and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories, IEEE, [Piscataway,
    NJ], 2026.
  ieee: 'S. D. Mousavi and T. Schulte, <i>Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction
    and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]:
    IEEE, 2026. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530">10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530</a>.'
  mla: Mousavi, Seyed Davood, and Thomas Schulte. “Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for
    CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories.” <i>2025
    5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)</i>,
    edited by University of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye and ICECCE,
    IEEE, 2026, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530">https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530</a>.
  short: S.D. Mousavi, T. Schulte, Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction
    and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories, IEEE, [Piscataway,
    NJ], 2026.
  ufg: '<b>Mousavi, Seyed Davood/Schulte, Thomas</b>: Enhanced Dynamic Optimization
    for CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories, hg.
    von University of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye, ICECCE, [Piscataway,
    NJ] 2026.'
  van: 'Mousavi SD, Schulte T. Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction and
    Cost Savings through Load Shifting in Smart Factories. University of Buner, Pakistan;
    Altinbas University, Türkiye, ICECCE, editors. 2025 5th International Conference
    on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET). [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE;
    2026.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-07-06
  location: 'Paris, France '
  name: 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies
    (ICECET)
  start_date: 2025-07-03
corporate_editor:
- University of Buner, Pakistan; Altinbas University, Türkiye
- ICECCE
date_created: 2026-04-10T07:15:51Z
date_updated: 2026-04-13T09:32:58Z
department:
- _id: DEP6020
- _id: DEP5022
doi: 10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11472530
keyword:
- Feeds
- Antennas
- System-on-chip
- Application specific integrated circuits
- Life cycle assessment
- Product lifecycle management
- Radio access networks
- Regional area networks
- Smart devices
- OWL
language:
- iso: eng
place: '[Piscataway, NJ]'
publication: 2025 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy
  Technologies (ICECET)
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 979-8-3315-3559-9
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Enhanced Dynamic Optimization for CO2 Reduction and Cost Savings through Load
  Shifting in Smart Factories
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '2376'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Wireless industrial environments are dominated by multipath propagation and
    interference. In order to handle spatial diversity, a possible approach is dividing
    the physical area into many small cells. The spatial diversity is turned into
    FDMA by utilizing different frequency bands for neighboring cells. A challenging
    use case with fast vehicles traveling over long distances in a short time is the
    packaging industry. It would require many fast handoffs for each vehicle. Thus,
    a small cell FDMA approach is not appropriate. Conversely, employing radiating
    lines eliminates FDMA-based handoff issues, and reduces multipath delay spread
    and signal attenuation compared to centralized approaches. Additionally, radiating
    lines perform well in high-speed, low-power and long-range environments. In this
    paper, we realize a novel radiating-line-based, high-reliable, real-time transmission
    system with near-field coupling. This wireless transmission method results in
    a frequency-flat, time-invariant radio channel for the given requirements. Employing
    antenna diversity results in significant improvements in the system's performance
    compared to single antenna solutions.
author:
- first_name: Niels Hendrik
  full_name: Fliedner, Niels Hendrik
  last_name: Fliedner
- first_name: Uwe
  full_name: Meier, Uwe
  last_name: Meier
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Neugebauer, Thomas
  last_name: Neugebauer
citation:
  ama: 'Fliedner NH, Meier U, Neugebauer T. Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable
    Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling. In: <i>2018 IEEE
    23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA)</i>. IEEE; 2018. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494">10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494</a>'
  apa: 'Fliedner, N. H., Meier, U., &#38; Neugebauer, T. (2018). Performance Analysis
    of a High-Reliable Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling.
    In <i>2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory
    Automation (ETFA)</i>.  Turin, Italy: IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494">https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494</a>'
  bjps: <b>Fliedner NH, Meier U and Neugebauer T</b> (2018) Performance Analysis of
    a High-Reliable Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling.
    <i>2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory
    Automation (ETFA)</i>. IEEE.
  chicago: Fliedner, Niels Hendrik, Uwe Meier, and Thomas Neugebauer. “Performance
    Analysis of a High-Reliable Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field
    Coupling.” In <i>2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies
    and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>. IEEE, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494">https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494</a>.
  chicago-de: 'Fliedner, Niels Hendrik, Uwe Meier und Thomas Neugebauer. 2018. Performance
    Analysis of a High-Reliable Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field
    Coupling. In: <i>2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies
    and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>. IEEE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494,">10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494,</a>
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fliedner, Niels Hendrik</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Meier, Uwe</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Neugebauer,
    Thomas</span>: Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable Real-Time Wireless Transmission
    System with Near Field Coupling. In: <i>2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference
    on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i> : IEEE, 2018'
  havard: 'N.H. Fliedner, U. Meier, T. Neugebauer, Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable
    Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling, in: 2018 IEEE
    23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA), IEEE, 2018.'
  ieee: N. H. Fliedner, U. Meier, and T. Neugebauer, “Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable
    Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling,” in <i>2018 IEEE
    23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA)</i>,  Turin, Italy, 2018.
  mla: Fliedner, Niels Hendrik, et al. “Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable Real-Time
    Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling.” <i>2018 IEEE 23rd International
    Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>, IEEE, 2018,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494">10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494</a>.
  short: 'N.H. Fliedner, U. Meier, T. Neugebauer, in: 2018 IEEE 23rd International
    Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), IEEE, 2018.'
  ufg: '<b>Fliedner, Niels Hendrik et. al. (2018)</b>: Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable
    Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling, in: <i>2018 IEEE
    23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA)</i>.'
  van: 'Fliedner NH, Meier U, Neugebauer T. Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable
    Real-Time Wireless Transmission System with Near Field Coupling. In: 2018 IEEE
    23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation
    (ETFA). IEEE; 2018.'
conference:
  end_date: 2018-09-07
  location: ' Turin, Italy'
  name: 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory
    Automation (ETFA)
  start_date: 2018-09-04
date_created: 2020-05-18T15:24:02Z
date_updated: 2023-03-15T13:49:39Z
department:
- _id: DEP5000
doi: 10.1109/etfa.2018.8502494
keyword:
- Spatial diversity
- Antenna measurements
- Real-time systems
- Frequency measurement
- Couplings
- Antennas
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8502494
publication: 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and
  Factory Automation (ETFA)
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9781538671085'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Performance Analysis of a High-Reliable Real-Time Wireless Transmission System
  with Near Field Coupling
type: conference
user_id: '57956'
year: 2018
...