@misc{13291, abstract = {{The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the automated generation of assembly instructions shows significant potential for improving work preparation in production processes. However, challenges remain regarding the overall information quality and precision of the generated instructions. In light of these challenges, this study explores how the information quality of automatically generated assembly instructions can be enhanced through the targeted provision of structured input data, such as Assembly and Quantity BOMs (Bills of Materials), as well as the use of optimized prompt chaining techniques. The methodology employs ChatGPT-4o in combination with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) within the Microsoft Azure environment. The results demonstrate that structured data inputs, particularly the use of Assembly BOMs with defined Tool-to-Component relations, significantly improve the precision and relevance of the generated instructions. Despite these advancements, achieving consistent information quality remains a barrier to broader practical implementation. Therefore, feedback loops should be integrated into the assembly instruction generation process to ensure continuous refinement and reliability. Future research should investigate the use of RAG or similar frameworks, focusing on optimizing data structures and implementing feedback mechanisms to enhance the automated generation of assembly instructions.}}, author = {{Herbort, Robin and Green, Dominik and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems}}, editor = {{Ahram, Tareq and Karwowski, Waldemar and Martino, Carlo and Di Bucchianico, Giuseppe and Maselli, Vincenzo }}, isbn = {{978-1-964867-36-6}}, issn = {{2771-0718}}, keywords = {{Assembly Instruction, Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), Large Language Model (LLM)}}, location = {{Rome, Italy}}, pages = {{765--775}}, publisher = {{AHFE }}, title = {{{Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe1005883}}, volume = {{160}}, year = {{2025}}, } @misc{13292, abstract = {{The application of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the automated generation of assembly instructions shows significant potential for improving work preparation in production processes. However, challenges remain regarding the overall information quality and precision of the generated instructions. In light of these challenges, this study explores how the information quality of automatically generated assembly instructions can be enhanced through the targeted provision of structured input data, such as Assembly and Quantity BOMs (Bills of Materials), as well as the use of optimized prompt chaining techniques. The methodology employs ChatGPT-4o in combination with Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) within the Microsoft Azure environment. The results demonstrate that structured data inputs, particularly the use of Assembly BOMs with defined Tool-to-Component relations, significantly improve the precision and relevance of the generated instructions. Despite these advancements, achieving consistent information quality remains a barrier to broader practical implementation. Therefore, feedback loops should be integrated into the assembly instruction generation process to ensure continuous refinement and reliability. Future research should investigate the use of RAG or similar frameworks, focusing on optimizing data structures and implementing feedback mechanisms to enhance the automated generation of assembly instructions.}}, author = {{Herbort, Robin and Green, Dominik and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2025): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems}}, editor = {{Ahram, Tareq and Karwowski, Waldemar and Martino, Carlo and Di Bucchianico, Giuseppe and Maselli, Vincenzo}}, isbn = {{978-1-964867-36-6}}, issn = {{2771-0718}}, keywords = {{Retrieval Augmented Generation, Large Language Model, Assembly Instructions}}, location = {{Rome}}, publisher = {{AHFE}}, title = {{{Automatic Creation of Assembly Instructions by Using Retrieval Augmented Generation}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe1005883}}, volume = {{160}}, year = {{2025}}, } @misc{11330, abstract = {{With the increasing complexity in manual assembly and a demographic decline in skilled workforce, the importance of well-documented processes through assembly instructions has grown. Creating these instructions is a time-consuming and knowledge-intensive task that typically relies on experienced employees. Although various automation solutions have been proposed to assist in generating assembly instructions, they often fall short in providing detailed textual guidance. With the rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI), new potentials arise in this domain. Therefore, this paper explores these potentials by employing various large language models (LLMs), prompting techniques and input data in an experimental setup for generating detailed assembly instructions, including the planning of assembly sequences as well as textual guidance on tools, assembly activities, and quality assurance measures. The findings reveal promising opportunities in leveraging LLMs but also substantial challenges, particularly in assembly sequence planning. To improve the reliability of generating assembly instructions, we propose a multi-agent concept that decomposes the complex task into simpler subtasks, each managed by specialized agents.}}, author = {{Meyer, Frederic and Freitag, Lennart and Hinrichsen, Sven and Niggemann, Oliver}}, booktitle = {{2024 IEEE 29th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)}}, isbn = {{979-8-3503-6123-0}}, keywords = {{assembly instruction, GPT, large language model, LLM, prompt}}, location = {{Padova, Italy}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Potentials of Large Language Models for Generating Assembly Instructions}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10710806}}, volume = {{78}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{11997, abstract = {{In Germany, individuals unable or not yet able to return to the general labor market due to disabilities are employed in sheltered workshops which are called WfbM (“Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen”). These organizations are required to earn the wages for the aforementioned group of people by offering market services. These services include, in particular, assembly activities. However, WfbM face the challenge that customer orders tend to become more complex, especially as a result of an increased number of product variants. This development not only has an impact on the work in WfbM, but also makes it much more difficult to achieve the desired inclusion of people with disabilities in the general labor market. Bearing this in mind, the research question addressed in this article can be stated as such: How far can the use of an informational assistance system compensate for performance deficits of people with disabilities in the context of assembly? The results of the conducted laboratory study show that the implementation of an assistance system can help to reduce existing barriers and challenges resulting from the mismatch between requirements of the general labor market and the performance characteristics of people with cognitive impairments. Practical Relevance: For people with disabilities, the use of assistance systems opens up new opportunities for participation in the general labor market and thus makes an important contribution to implementing the requirements of the “Bundesteilhabegesetz” (a law to strengthen participation of people with disabilities in Germany).}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft (ZfA)}}, issn = {{2366-4681}}, keywords = {{Informational Assistance System, People with Disabilities, Manual Assembly, Image Processing System, Laboratory Study}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{240--253}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag GmbH }}, title = {{{Potentials of an informational assembly assistance system for persons with cognitive disabilities — Results of a laboratory study}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s41449-024-00414-9}}, volume = {{78}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{10782, abstract = {{With the trend towards shorter product lifecycles, smaller batch sizes, and more product variants, the complexity of manual assembly activities is increasing. To support employees in carrying out complex assembly tasks, the use of assembly instructions is indispensable to ensure high process capability and work productivity. However, the creation of assembly instructions is often time-consuming. Thus, the use of automation approaches can be a way to simplify the creation of assembly instructions. Therefore, this paper introduces a promising automation concept for applying robotic process automation (RPA) to generate assembly instructions automatically. Finally, the automation concept is demonstrated in a practical use case that illustrates the associated automation potential of RPA.}}, author = {{Meyer, Frederic and Hinrichsen, Sven and Niggemann, Oliver}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction & Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2023): Artificial Intelligence & Future Applications}}, issn = {{2771-0718}}, keywords = {{Digital Assembly Instruction, Industrial Engineering, Manual Assembly, Robotic Process Automation, RPA, Work Instruction}}, location = {{NIzza}}, pages = {{629--638}}, publisher = {{AHFE International}}, title = {{{How to Generate Assembly Instructions with Robotic Process Automation}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe1004070}}, volume = {{111}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{10783, abstract = {{The development trend in manual assembly towards increasing demands in terms of quality, variety, and cost pressure makes the transition for people with cognitive disabilities to the general labor market extremely difficult. Nevertheless, this employment sector is a central component of many activities in a sheltered workshop. Therefore, this paper investigates the use of an informational assistance system for persons with cognitive impairments to close the gap between the characteristics of this group and the operational requirements. In this way, the transition from the sheltered workshop to the general labor market will be facilitated and promoted.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction & Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2023): Artificial Intelligence & Future Applications}}, issn = {{2771-0718}}, keywords = {{Manual Assembly, Informational Assistance System, Image Processing System, People with Disabilities}}, location = {{NIzza}}, pages = {{548--556}}, publisher = {{AHFE International}}, title = {{{Informational Assistance System – a Key to Self-Empowerment of Persons with Cognitive Disabilities in Manual Assembly?}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe1004061}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{8344, abstract = {{BACKGROUND:The future of work in Germany is shaped by megatrends like globalization, automatization, digitization, and the demographic change. Furthermore, mass customization and the increasing usage of AI even in manual assembly offers new opportunities as well as it creates new challenges. OBJECTIVE:The trend towards mass customization in turn leads to increased complexity in production, which results in additional mental workload. This effect will continue in the foreseeable future. METHOD:Especially for small and medium sized companies, the backbone of Germany’s economy, automatization and Human-Robot-Collaboration will take time to develop. Information assistance systems are and will be a bridging technology to help organizations to manage increasing complexity and the mental workload of their employees to not only boost productivity but also keep their workforce healthy. The ongoing demographic change further underlines the need to use information assistance systems to compensate possible age-associated deficits, but also keep older employees committed to their work and avoid effects of disengagement or disenfranchisement through participatory ergonomics. RESULTS: Information assistance systems can only develop their inherent potential if they are designed to support employees of varying age, competence levels, and affinity for technology. Participatory development and early engagement are key factors for an increased acceptance and usage of the systems as well as the individualization to make it suitable for each individual employee. CONCLUSION:Expanding the functionalities to an adaptive assistance system, using physiological correlates of mental workload as an input, is conceivable in the future. }}, author = {{Bläsing, Dominic and Hinrichsen, Sven and Wurm, Susanne and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Work}}, issn = {{1875-9270 }}, keywords = {{Cognitive ergonomics, aging workforce, complexity, mixed-model assembly}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{1535--1548}}, publisher = {{IOS Press}}, title = {{{Information assistance systems as preventive mediators between increasing customization and mental workload}}}, doi = {{http://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-211283}}, volume = {{72}}, year = {{2022}}, } @misc{7739, abstract = {{Employees in mixed-model assembly perform much informational work by constantly making decisions about the part to be assembled, the tool to be used or the working method to be applied. The proportion of informational work in manual assembly is likely to increase, since more and more products are configured according to customer demands and additional functions are integrated. Whereas assembly has so far been understood primarily as energetic work, the informational aspects of assembly work will have to be considered to a greater extent in the future. Assembly system design is thus more and more a domain of cognitive ergonomics, whereas in the past the focus was on biomechanical aspects. Taking this into consideration, the design of assembly instructions in line with individual requirements is becoming increasingly important. This article therefore discusses important design principles of such instructions.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Bläsing, Dominic}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction & Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2022): Artificial Intelligence & Future Applications }}, editor = {{Ahram, Tareq and Taiar, Redha }}, keywords = {{Assembly Instruction, Compatibility, Assistance System Manual Assembly, Information Management}}, location = {{Lausanne}}, publisher = {{AHFE Open Access}}, title = {{{How to Design Assembly Instructions}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe100838}}, volume = {{23}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{9666, abstract = {{In mechanical engineering, individual functional units of a machine are often assembled by one operator at single workstations or at one-piece flow lines. Based on the order information, the required parts are taken from flow racks and assembled step by step to build a functional unit. The existing assembly concepts have two decisive disadvantages in operational practice. First, a large number of components to be provided leads to long walking distances at the work station or line. Second, as the complexity of the assembly task increases, the informational portion of the work increases, so that paper-based information provision can lead to unnecessary assembly errors and additional times. For these reasons, a compacted assembly system has been developed in which, firstly, material is supplied via driven carousels and, secondly, the necessary information is provided to the operator via a cognitive assistance system. The article shows that this concept can reduce walking distances while avoiding assembly errors and additional times.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Nikolenko, Alexander and Beckmann, Nils and Meyer, Frederic}}, booktitle = {{IEEM2022 : IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) : Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 07-10 December 2022 }}, isbn = {{978-1-6654-8688-0}}, keywords = {{assembly system, assistance system, complexity}}, location = {{Kuala Lumpur}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Development of a New Type of Carousel-based Compacted Work System for Mixed-model Assembly in Mechanical Engineering}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ieem55944.2022.9989731}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{6925, abstract = {{The compatibility concept is widely used in psychology and ergonomics. It describes the fit between elements of a sociotechnical system which is a prerequisite to successfully cooperate towards a common goal. For at least three decades, cognitive compatibility is of increasing importance. It describes the fit of externally presented information, information processing, and the required motor action. However, with increasing system complexity, probability for incompatibility increases, too, leading to time losses, errors and overall degraded performance. The elimination of cognitive incompatibilities through ergonomic measures at the workplace requires a lot of creativity and effort. Using practical examples from mixed-model assembly, improved information management and the use of informational assistance systems are discussed as promising ergonomic approaches. The ultimate goal is to avoid cognitive overload, for example in part picking or assembly tools choosing. To find a fit between externally mediated work instructions via displays and the subjectively used internal models and competencies is a challenging task. Only if this fit is given the system is perceived as beneficial. To achieve this, the assistance system should be configurable to fit individual needs as far as possible. Successful system design requires early participation and comprehensive integration of the assistance systems into the existing IT infrastructure. Practical relevance: Varied manual assembly requires a high degree of cognitive work. A rise in complexity of the assembly task increases the risk that cognitive incompatibility and thus cognitive overload will occur more frequently. It is shown that such unhealthy conditions can be countered by better information presentation and by the use of individually adaptable informational assistance systems.}}, author = {{Bläsing, Dominic and Bornewasser, Manfred and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, issn = {{0340-2444}}, journal = {{Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft}}, keywords = {{Compatibility, Mental model, Mental workload, Multi-model assembly, Informational assistance systems}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Cognitive compatibility in modern manual mixed-model assembly systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s41449-021-00296-1}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{1903, abstract = {{Because of the trend towards smaller batch sizes and customer-specific products, employees in assembly have to absorb and process more and more information. With the help of assistance systems, the process of information absorption and processing can be designed in a more economical and human-oriented way. Despite the potentials of such systems, companies pay too little attention to the informational design of assembly systems, resulting in a number of significant deficits in information management. To identify such deficits in operational practice, a questionnaire has been developed. This allows the potential use of informational assistance systems for an assembly system to be estimated. In this article, results from an exploratory factor analysis of the developed instrument will be presented and interpreted as a basis for the further development of the questionnaire.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Human Factors and Systems Interaction AHFE 2019}}, editor = {{Nunes, Isabel L.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-20039-8}}, keywords = {{Complexity evaluation, Manual assembly, Questionnaire, Work analysis method, Assistance systems, Exploratory factor analysis}}, location = {{Washington D.C., USA}}, pages = {{3--11}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Method for Measuring the Application Potential of Assembly Assistance Systems}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20040-4_1}}, volume = {{959}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inproceedings{1904, abstract = {{As the number of variations increases and batch sizes grow smaller, it can be difficult to fulfill quality and productivity requirements in manual assembly, as employees must record, process and interpret more information, then convert that information into action. Conventional instruction manuals in the form of text, tables or drawings quickly reach their limits. Innovative assistance systems are essential for keeping up with these changes, as they instruct and support employees in line with their specific situations. The goal of this article is to use a case study to illustrate the problems with providing information in manual assembly, and to suggest a potential solution in the form of an informational assistance system. The company considered in the case study stands out for its large production areas where complex, customer-specific truck bodies are mounted manually.}}, author = {{Nikolenko, Alexander and Sehr, Philip and Hinrichsen, Sven and Bendzioch, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Human Factors and Systems Interaction AHFE 2019}}, editor = {{Nunes, Isabel L.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-20039-8}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Manual assembly, Assembly assistance systems, Industry 4.0, Information delivery}}, location = {{Washington D.C., USA}}, pages = {{24--33}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Digital Assembly Assistance Systems – A Case Study}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20040-4_3}}, volume = {{959}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inbook{6884, abstract = {{Product variety and short product life cycles are characteristic features of modern assembly systems. When variety gets very high, assembly processes usually become very complex, leading to time losses, human errors, and other negative impacts of system performance. In order to prevent such performance declines different informational assistance systems become part of manual assembly systems, offering additional instructions concerning handling and insertion. Otherwise, such systems can result in additional cognitive load rather than decreasing it. Using mobile physiological measures like heart rate variability (HRV) and eye movements just in time changes of overall cognitive load are detectable. As expected, these data indicate increases of mental workload when task demands are becoming more complex. Practical and theoretical concerns, limitations and chances will be discussed.}}, author = {{Bläsing, Dominic and Hinrichsen, Sven and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Ahram , T. and Taiar, R. and Gremeaux-Bader , V. and Aminian, K.}}, isbn = {{9783030442668}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Assembly assistance systems, Manual assembly, Cognitive load, Physiological measurement, Heart rate variability}}, pages = {{495 -- 500}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Reduction of Cognitive Load in Complex Assembly Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-44267-5_75}}, year = {{2020}}, } @misc{6916, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction, Emerging Technologies and Future Applications II : Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies: Future Applications (IHIET – AI 2020)}}, editor = {{Ahram, T. and Taiar , R. and Gremeaux-Bader, V. and Aminian, K.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-44266-8}}, issn = {{2194-5365}}, keywords = {{Manual assembly, Complexity, Information management}}, location = {{Lausanne, Switzerland}}, pages = {{520--525}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Information Management Strategies in Manual Assembly}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-44267-5_78}}, volume = {{1152}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inbook{6918, abstract = {{Manual assembly is shaped by increasing product complexity with higher scope of work and fluctuating demands. To cope with these changes, employees need to collect and process more information. Companies, therefore, face a wide range of challenges, particularly in terms of information supply. Informational assistance systems provide employees with cognitive support, helping to manage complexity. To evaluate the potentials of such systems a laboratory study is accomplished at the Laboratory for Industrial Engineering of the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts. In this paper, selected results of the laboratory study are presented and recommendations for a configuration of assembly assistance systems are derived from the results.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Nunes, I.}}, isbn = {{9783030513689}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Informational assistance systems, Manual assembly, Human-machine interaction, Laboratory studies}}, pages = {{25--31}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{How to Configure Assembly Assistance Systems – Results of a Laboratory Study}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-51369-6_4}}, volume = {{1207}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inbook{7017, abstract = {{The task of shop floor management is to ensure high effectiveness and efficiency of a production system. The objective of this paper is to identify potentials for improvement of shop floor management in the context of digitalization and to identify fields of action. As a result, the paper shows four categories of deficits in shop floor management, respectively information management. First, insufficiently designed business processes lead to additional administrative work for shop floor managers. Second, shop floor management can be strengthened by improving e-mail communication. Third, the meeting organization and fourth, the reporting offer potential for improvement. The creation of reports and the preparation of key figures, for example, involve routine activities that do not add value and can be partially automated. Therefore, as part of the project, a shop floor board was prototypically developed using a low-code development platform in order to demonstrate the potential of this approach.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Schulz, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction, Emerging Technologies and Future Applications III : Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1253}}, editor = {{Ahram, T. and Taiar, R. and Langlois, K. and Choplin, A.}}, keywords = {{Manual assembly, Complexity, Information management}}, location = {{San Diego}}, pages = {{415 -- 421}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Approaches to Improve Shop Floor Management}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55307-4_63}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inproceedings{1900, abstract = {{More and more complex products are being fitted in small batches in manual assembly. Because of this, more information needs to be collected from employees and implemented in appropriate actions. At the same time, the informational design of assembly systems often shows deficits in operational practice. Manual assembly processes can be made more economical, reliable, and human-oriented with the help of informational assistance systems. Testing was carried out in the Laboratory for Industrial Engineering at the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts to verify this potential. Initial results on the use of augmented reality (AR) glasses in comparison to providing information in a paper-based format are presented.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Bläsing, Dominic and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Human Systems Engineering and Design II Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design (IHSED2019)}}, editor = {{Ahram, T. and Karwowski, W. and Pickl, S. and Taiar, R.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-27927-1}}, keywords = {{Worker assistance system, Manual assembly, Human-machine interaction, Informational complexity}}, location = {{Universität der Bundeswehr, München}}, pages = {{20--25}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature}}, title = {{{Comparison of Different Assembly Assistance Systems Under Ergonomic and Economic Aspects}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27928-8_4}}, volume = {{1026}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{1901, abstract = {{As customers’ options for configuring products to match their requirements increase, the number of assembly variants grows. Due to this large number of variants, assembly processes often cannot be automated in an economical way, and manual assembly remains highly important. Additional support options must be implemented to continue completing manual assembly processes reliably in the future. Image processing systems are one promising approach. The purpose of this paper is to establish the potential offered by industrial image processing in manual assembly, building on fundamental concepts, as well as to identify requirements and provide recommendations for selecting and arranging system components. }}, author = {{Nikolenko, Alexander and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Human Systems Engineering and Design II. IHSED 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Ahram, T. and Karwowski, W. and Pickl, S. and Taiar, R.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-27927-1}}, keywords = {{Industrial image processing, Manual assembly, Assistance systems, Machine vision}}, location = {{Universität der Bundeswehr, München}}, pages = {{795--800}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature}}, title = {{{Potential of Industrial Image Processing in Manual Assembly}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27928-8_121}}, volume = {{1026}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{611, abstract = {{Empirical research shows that the informational design of manual assembly systems is becoming increasingly important in the light of growing complexity. Assembly assistance systems supply employees with information according to their needs and individual situation. This article aims to present important principles for the design of informational assembly assistance systems. The empirical basis for these principles is formed by projects involving the introduction of informational assistance systems for assembly work. The trends and design recommendations are explained using a model, which illustrates important associations between the complexity of assembly tasks, the demands on the mental capacity of employees, work productivity and the use of assembly assistance systems.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Karwowski, Waldemar and Ahram, Tareq}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-11050-5}}, issn = {{2194-5365}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Manual assembly, Cognitive ergonomics}}, location = {{San Diego, USA}}, pages = {{286--292}}, publisher = {{Springer International Publishing}}, title = {{{How to Design Assembly Assistance Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-11051-2_44}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{4322, abstract = {{This paper presents a test platform for the systematic evaluation of head-mounted displays (HMDs). The focus is on an augmented reality (AR) test application for assembly tasks, which supports tests that are flexible in terms of complexity and scope, thus enabling the realistic assessment of usability, comfort and ergonomics by the test users.}}, author = {{Paelke, Volker and Bulk, Jendrik and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics}}, isbn = {{978-3-319-94195-0}}, keywords = {{Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs), Augmented Reality (AR), Test platform, Evaluation, Assembly}}, location = {{Orlando, Florida, USA}}, pages = {{25--35}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{A Test Platform for the Evaluation of Augmented Reality Head Mounted Displays in Industrial Applications }}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-319-94196-7_3}}, volume = {{793}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{4323, abstract = {{The latest generation of head-mounted displays such as HoloLens pro- vide mixed reality capabilities that claim to better integrate the real and virtual worlds. In this paper, we would like the share our experiences in implementing a user interface for an assembly assistance system using the HoloLens. We carried out a preliminary evaluation of the applicability of mixed reality using the per- spective of developers and expert users in an assembly scenario that allows us to operate and compare two interfaces - a state-of-the-art projector display system and the HoloLens. We believe our findings may contribute towards a better un- derstanding of the effects of new display technologies such as the HoloLens in developing and using assistance systems in other fields as well. Areas that may be of future research are also highlighted.}}, author = {{Dhiman, Hitesh and Martinez, Sascha and Paelke, Volker and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations}}, editor = {{Fui-Hoon Nah, Fiona and Sophia Xiao, Bo}}, isbn = {{978-3-319-91715-3}}, keywords = {{Human machine interaction, Assembly assistance system, Qualitative study, HoloLens}}, location = {{Las Vegas, NV, USA}}, pages = {{67--78}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Head-Mounted Displays in Industrial AR-Applications: Ready for Prime Time?}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-319-91716-0_6}}, volume = {{10923}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{557, abstract = {{Current processes for designing manual assembly workstations do not consider the need for employee-appropriate, product-specific and operating resources-specific factors. A systematic design tool would help to minimize cycle times, increase productivity and improve ergonomic criteria. Therefore, a literature research concerning workplace design for manual assembly was conducted. Additionally, a guided Interview and a questionnaire were developed and approached on the trade show “Motek” with 14 participants.The study shows evidence for the assumption that there is no systematic approach todesigning manual assembly workstations.}}, author = {{Gote, Henning and Glatzel, Thomas}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Manual assembly, Workplace design, Ergonomic workstations, SME}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{137--148}}, title = {{{Empirical Study of Workplace Design of Manual Assembly Workstations in SME}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{265, abstract = {{The maintenance of a tool for injection molding or forming is usually accompanied by its disassembly and assembly. The duration of the assembly activities is often a large part of the total activity time for the maintenance of the tool. The degree of performance of the employees in the execution of these disassembly and assembly activities is often low. In addition, allowances occur (e.g. searching for work equipment). At the Industrial Engineering Lab of the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences, a prototype of an assistance system was developed to support the assembly activities in toolmaking. With the help of this system, the operator is guided step by step through the assembly process. The economic potential of the system exists in the reduction of training times, the avoidance of assembly errors and the increase of labor productivity.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Riediger, Daniel and Unrau, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)}}, isbn = {{978-1-5386-0948-4 }}, keywords = {{injection moulding, machine tools, maintenance engineering, productivity, projection-based assistance system, injection molding tools, assembly activities, assembly process, assembly errors, tool maintenance, disassembly activities, economic potential, Industrial Engineering Lab, Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences, toolmaking, Tools, Injection molding, Maintenance engineering, Usability, Task analysis, Workstations, Morphology, assembly assistance systems, assistance systems, maintenance of injection molding tools, manual assembly}}, location = {{Singapore}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{1571--1575}}, title = {{{Development of a Projection-Based Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inbook{4302, abstract = {{In this paper we present smARt.assembly – a projection-based augmented reality (AR) assembly assistance system for industrial applications. Our system projects digital guidance information in terms of picking information and assembly data into the physical workspace of a user. By using projections, we eliminate the use of smart glasses that have drawbacks such as a limited field of view or low wearing comfort. With smARt.assembly, users are able to assemble products without previous knowledge and without any other assistance.}}, author = {{Sand, Oliver and Büttner, Sebastian and Paelke, Volker and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCII '16)}}, editor = {{Lackey, Stefanie and Shumaker, Randall}}, isbn = {{978-3-319-39906-5}}, keywords = {{Augmented reality, Projection, Assembly work, Manual assembly}}, location = {{Toronto, Canada}}, pages = {{643--652}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{smARt.Assembly: Projection-Based Augmented Reality for Supporting Assembly Workers}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-319-39907-2_61}}, volume = {{9740}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{584, abstract = {{Due to the continuing trend towards more complexity of products with an increasing number of variants and smaller lot sizes, the assembly often takes place -despite relatively high labor costs in Western industrialized nations -manually or partially automated. An outsourcing or relocation of assembly function abroad is not suitable in most cases.Therefore, it is increasingly important to reduce process variations and waste in manual assembly processes. Assistance systems have the potential, depending on the situation, to assist the worker in his work, to reduce error rate and to increase productivity. In a first part of the paper an overview will be given to different types of assembly assistance systems. Then a morphological chart is developed, which can provide assistance in selecting or comparing assembly assistance systems. With the help of this chart an assembly assistant system is presented. Finally a quick look is taken at further research being done in this area.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Riediger, Daniel and Unrau, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Manual assembly, Morphology}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{01}}, pages = {{3--14}}, title = {{{Assistance Systems in Manual Assembly}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{665, abstract = {{The requirements of assembly systems are changing, due to trends such as shorter innovation and product lifecycles as well as an increase in the number of product variants and product customization. Certain markets are characterized by demand volatility and short delivery schedules. As a result of shortened product and innovation lifecycles and demand volatility, the assembly system design should be versatile. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a versatile assembly system which was jointly developed by the Fraunhofer IOSB-INA and the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences. }}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Jasperneite, Jürgen and Schrader, Florian and Lücke, Benedikt}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, keywords = {{Assembly System, Versatility, Modularity}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{10}}, pages = {{37--45}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Versatile Assembly Systems - Requirements, Design Principles and Examples}}}, year = {{2014}}, }