@misc{14042,
  abstract     = {{This paper investigates co-creativity in architectural robotics through
a design-research experiment that repositions the robot from a fabrication tool
to an active collaborator in spatial exploration. A turn-based assembly process
enables a human designer and a robotic arm to alternately place modular bricks
within a shared three-dimensional environment. Each move is evaluated through
computational rules—support, stability, and collision—and interpreted in real
time via an AI image-to-image diffusion model. This sequential exchange
establishes a reciprocal design dialogue: the human reads the robot’s action as
a spatial proposition, while the robot responds to the evolving structure.
Creative agency becomes distributed across human and machine, encouraging
reflection on intent and positioning robotic intelligence as a source of suggestion
rather than execution. By prioritizing responsiveness and interpretation over
efficiency, the research challenges conventional file-to-factory paradigms and
frames robotics as an active participant in design thinking. It contributes to
discussions on human–machine collaboration by proposing co-creative robotics
as a framework for rethinking authorship in architecture.
Keywords. Human–robot Collaboration, Co-Creation, Computational
Creativity, Robotic Fabrication, Artificial Intelligence, Digital Fabrication,
Generative Models, Discrete Assembly, Human–Machine Interaction.}},
  author       = {{Sachs, Hans and Aykin, Yusuf and Sardenberg, Victor and Schneider, Bo}},
  booktitle    = {{eCAADe 2026 - Informed creativity in architecture and engineering}},
  editor       = {{eCAADe, eCaade}},
  keywords     = {{Co Creative Robots, Collaborative Robots, Design, Architecture}},
  location     = {{Lübeck}},
  pages        = {{357--366}},
  publisher    = {{CumInCAD}},
  title        = {{{Co-Creative Robotics Turn-Based Human–Robot Assembly for Architectural Design Exploration}}},
  volume       = {{44}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}