---
_id: '10602'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The anatomical structure of oil palm wood is only to a limited extent comparable
to common wood species used in construction. Typical for monocotyledons, the material
is composed of high density vascular bundles and a parenchymatous tissue of lower
density. In three experiment sets, the local and global moduli of elasticity (MOE)
and the flexural strength of oil palm wood based GLT are determined using FEM
and various influencing parameters are investigated in a sensitivity analysis.
Furthermore, the application of densified tension lamellas is studied. The results
of the modelling are compared with the results from mechanical tests. Significant
differences, mainly attributed to the specific parameters of the selected material,
are observed. The results of this preliminary study serve as a starting point
for computer-aided optimisation and modelling of other oil palm-based products.
author:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Hackel, Martin
id: '79798'
last_name: Hackel
citation:
ama: Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. (Nyrud AQ, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige
universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , Arkitektur- og
designhøgskolen i Oslo, eds.). Curran Associates, Inc.; 2023. doi:10.52202/069179-0088
apa: 'Hackel, M. (2023). FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. In A. Q. Nyrud, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige
universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , & Arkitektur-
og designhøgskolen i Oslo (Eds.), Timber for a livable future : World Conference
on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway . Curran
Associates, Inc. https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088'
bjps: 'Hackel M (2023) FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE
LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, Nyrud AQ et al. (eds). Red Hook,
NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc.'
chicago: 'Hackel, Martin. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Edited by Anders Q. Nyrud, Norges miljø-
og biovitenskapelige universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet
, and Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo. Timber for a Livable Future :
World Conference on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway
. Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc., 2023. https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.'
chicago-de: 'Hackel, Martin. 2023. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Hg. von Anders Q. Nyrud,
Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige
universitet , und Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo. Timber for a livable
future : World Conference on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023,
Oslo, Norway . Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc. doi:10.52202/069179-0088,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Hackel, Martin ; Nyrud, A. Q. ; Norges
miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet ; Norges
teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet ; Arkitektur-
og designhøgskolen i Oslo (Hrsg.): FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD
BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Red Hook, NY, USA :
Curran Associates, Inc., 2023'
havard: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, Curran Associates, Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA, 2023.
ieee: 'M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc., 2023.
doi: 10.52202/069179-0088.'
mla: 'Hackel, Martin. “FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD.” Timber for a Livable Future : World Conference
on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway , edited
by Anders Q. Nyrud et al., Curran Associates, Inc., 2023, https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.'
short: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, Curran Associates, Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA, 2023.
ufg: 'Hackel, Martin: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, hg. von Nyrud, Anders Q. u. a., Red Hook,
NY, USA 2023.'
van: 'Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Nyrud AQ, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet
, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen
i Oslo, editors. Timber for a livable future : World Conference on Timber Engineering :
WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway . Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates,
Inc.; 2023.'
conference:
end_date: 2023-06-22
location: Oslo (Norwegen)
name: 13th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
start_date: 2023-06-19
corporate_editor:
- 'Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet '
- 'Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet '
- Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo
date_created: 2023-10-26T13:59:52Z
date_updated: 2024-06-03T14:10:01Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.52202/069179-0088
editor:
- first_name: 'Anders Q. '
full_name: 'Nyrud, Anders Q. '
last_name: Nyrud
keyword:
- Oil palm wood
- finite element method (FEM)
- GLT
- modulus of elasticity
- flexural strength
language:
- iso: eng
place: Red Hook, NY, USA
publication: 'Timber for a livable future : World Conference on Timber Engineering
: WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway '
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-1-7138-7327-3
isbn:
- 978-1-7138-7329-7
publication_status: published
publisher: Curran Associates, Inc.
status: public
title: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE
ELEMENT METHOD
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10786'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The anatomical structure of oil palm wood is only to a limited extent comparable
to common wood species\r\nused in construction. Typical for monocotyledons, the
material is composed of high density vascular bundles and a\r\nparenchymatous
tissue of lower density. In three experiment sets, the local and global moduli
of elasticity (MOE) and the flexural strength of oil palm wood based GLT are determined
using FEM and various influencing parameters are\r\ninvestigated in a sensitivity
analysis. Furthermore, the application of densified tension lamellas is studied.
The results of the modelling are compared with the results from mechanical tests.
Significant differences, mainly attributed to the\r\nspecific parameters of the
selected material, are observed. The results of this preliminary study serve as
a starting point for computer-aided optimisation and modelling of other oil palm-based
products."
author:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Hackel, Martin
id: '79798'
last_name: Hackel
citation:
ama: Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE
2023); 2023:647-656. doi:10.52202/069179-0088
apa: Hackel, M. (2023). FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. In World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023) (pp. 647–656). World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023).
https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088
bjps: Hackel M (2023) FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE
LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023).
chicago: Hackel, Martin. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023). World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.
chicago-de: Hackel, Martin. 2023. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on
Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023). World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE
2023). doi:10.52202/069179-0088,
.
din1505-2-1: 'Hackel, Martin: FLEXURAL
PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD :
World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023'
havard: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023),
2023.
ieee: 'M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE
2023), 2023, pp. 647–656. doi: 10.52202/069179-0088.'
mla: Hackel, Martin. “FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD.” World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023), World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023, pp.
647–56, https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.
short: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023),
2023.
ufg: 'Hackel, Martin: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, o. O. 2023.'
van: Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023).
World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023); 2023.
conference:
end_date: 2023-06-22
location: Oslo (Norwegen)
name: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
start_date: 2023-06-19
date_created: 2023-11-21T07:44:35Z
date_updated: 2025-05-24T13:21:52Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.52202/069179-0088
keyword:
- Oil palm wood
- finite element method (FEM)
- GLT
- modulus of elasticity
- flexural strength
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.proceedings.com/content/069/069179-0088open.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 647-656
publication: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
publication_status: published
publisher: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
status: public
title: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE
ELEMENT METHOD
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '79798'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '590'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Against the background of rising overhead costs in manufacturing companies
the application of methods of overhead cost management is of increasing importance.
Within this article existing approaches of cost management are explained in principle.
Based on these approaches a new complementary approach of managing costs with
the help of costs elasticity ratios is described by a case study. The method is
based on the hypothesis that there are no fixed personnel costs, but personnel
costs with different elasticity with respect to the volume of orders. Personnel
costs elasticity (ε) is derived from the quotient of the relative change in personnel
costs (k) and the relative change of the order volume (q) of a billing month (i).
The method aims to increase the flexibility of overhead costs, but can also be
applied with respect to so-called direct costs. In this case, the question arises
as to what extent the direct costs actually develop proportional elastic over
time.
author:
- first_name: Sven
full_name: Hinrichsen, Sven
id: '49010'
last_name: Hinrichsen
citation:
ama: 'Hinrichsen S. How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management. In: Villmer
FJ, Padoano E, Department of Production Engineering and Management, Hochschule
Ostwestfalen-Lippe, eds. Production Engineering and Management. ; 2016:123-131.'
apa: Hinrichsen, S. (2016). How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management. In
F.-J. Villmer, E. Padoano, Department of Production Engineering and Management,
& Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe (Eds.), Production Engineering and Management
(Issue 1, pp. 123–131).
bjps: Hinrichsen S (2016) How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management.
In Villmer F-J et al. (eds), Production Engineering and Management. Lemgo,
pp. 123–131.
chicago: Hinrichsen, Sven. “How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management.”
In Production Engineering and Management, edited by Franz-Josef Villmer,
Elio Padoano, Department of Production Engineering and Management, and Hochschule
Ostwestfalen-Lippe, 123–31. Lemgo, 2016.
chicago-de: 'Hinrichsen, Sven. 2016. How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management.
In: Production Engineering and Management, hg. von Franz-Josef Villmer,
Elio Padoano, Department of Production Engineering and Management, und Hochschule
Ostwestfalen-Lippe, 123–131. Lemgo.'
din1505-2-1: 'Hinrichsen, Sven: How
Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management. In: Villmer,
F.-J. ; Padoano, E. ; Department of Production Engineering and Management
; Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe
(Hrsg.): Production Engineering and Management. Lemgo, 2016, S. 123–131'
havard: 'S. Hinrichsen, How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management, in: F.-J.
Villmer, E. Padoano, Department of Production Engineering and Management, Hochschule
Ostwestfalen-Lippe (Eds.), Production Engineering and Management, Lemgo, 2016:
pp. 123–131.'
ieee: S. Hinrichsen, “How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management,” in Production
Engineering and Management, Lemgo, 2016, no. 1, pp. 123–131.
mla: Hinrichsen, Sven. “How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management.” Production
Engineering and Management, edited by Franz-Josef Villmer et al., no. 1, 2016,
pp. 123–31.
short: 'S. Hinrichsen, in: F.-J. Villmer, E. Padoano, Department of Production Engineering
and Management, Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe (Eds.), Production Engineering and
Management, Lemgo, 2016, pp. 123–131.'
ufg: 'Hinrichsen, Sven: How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management,
in: Villmer, Franz-Josef u. a. (Hgg.): Production Engineering and Management,
Lemgo 2016, S. 123–131.'
van: 'Hinrichsen S. How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management. In: Villmer
FJ, Padoano E, Department of Production Engineering and Management, Hochschule
Ostwestfalen-Lippe, editors. Production Engineering and Management. Lemgo; 2016.
p. 123–31.'
conference:
end_date: 2016-09-30
location: Lemgo
name: Proceedings 6th International Conference
start_date: 2016-09-29
corporate_editor:
- Department of Production Engineering and Management
- Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe
date_created: 2019-02-18T15:23:42Z
date_updated: 2023-04-14T11:37:27Z
ddc:
- '330'
department:
- _id: DEP1306
- _id: DEP7020
editor:
- first_name: Franz-Josef
full_name: Villmer, Franz-Josef
last_name: Villmer
- first_name: Elio
full_name: Padoano, Elio
last_name: Padoano
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mqc-p4h
date_created: 2023-04-14T11:36:14Z
date_updated: 2023-04-14T11:36:14Z
file_id: '9701'
file_name: PEM 2016 paper Hinrichsen final.pdf
file_size: 130007
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-04-14T11:36:14Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Cost management
- Overhead costs
- Direct costs
- Labor costs
- Elasticity
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
page: 123-131
place: Lemgo
publication: Production Engineering and Management
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-946856-00-9
publication_status: published
status: public
title: How Elasticity Indicators Support Cost Management
type: conference
user_id: '49010'
year: '2016'
...