---
_id: '13576'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Background\r\nMany young women are dissatisfied with their bodies. This study
    investigated the effect on current body dissatisfaction levels of a newly developed
    evaluative conditioning procedure that paired self-similar and self-dissimilar
    images of bodies with positive and neutral affective images, respectively. We
    hypothesized that learning the contingency that self-similar bodies predict positive
    affectivity is one process that could aid in explaining how these procedures function.\r\nMethods\r\nAdult
    women without disordered eating pathology participated in an online experiment
    with random assignment to an intervention or a control condition. All participants
    initially rated body images in self-similarity and were subsequently asked to
    categorize positive and neutral images by valence as quickly and accurately as
    possible. In the intervention condition, self-similar bodies systematically preceded
    positive images, and self-dissimilar images preceded neutral images, creating
    a similar body → positive contingency. Pairings in the control condition were
    unsystematic such that no contingency was present. We measured categorization
    latencies and accuracies to infer contingency learning as well as current body
    dissatisfaction immediately before and after exposure to the pairings. All participants
    further completed measures of trait body image concerns and disordered eating
    psychopathology at baseline, which we examined as moderators of an expected relation
    between condition assignment, contingency learning, and body dissatisfaction improvements.\r\nResults\r\nWe
    analyzed data from N = 173 women fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Moderated
    mediation analyses showed that assignment to the intervention (vs. control) condition
    predicted increased similar body → positive contingency learning, which in turn
    predicted improved body dissatisfaction post-intervention, but only among women
    with higher pre-existing trait body image concerns or disordered eating levels.\r\nConclusions\r\nThe
    findings point toward the relevancy of further exploring the utility of pairing
    procedures. Similar body → positive contingency learning predicted improved body
    dissatisfaction in individuals with normatively high body image concerns, which
    suggests pairing procedures could help inform future research on reducing body
    dissatisfaction."
article_number: '18'
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Dumstorf, Katharina
  last_name: Dumstorf
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Halbeisen, Georg
  id: '85780'
  last_name: Halbeisen
  orcid: 0000-0002-9529-2215
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Paslakis, Georgios
  last_name: Paslakis
citation:
  ama: 'Dumstorf K, Halbeisen G, Paslakis G. How evaluative pairings improve body
    dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from a randomized-controlled online study.
    <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i>. 2024;12(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4">10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4</a>'
  apa: 'Dumstorf, K., Halbeisen, G., &#38; Paslakis, G. (2024). How evaluative pairings
    improve body dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from a randomized-controlled
    online study. <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i>, <i>12</i>(1), Article 18. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4">https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Dumstorf K, Halbeisen G and Paslakis G</b> (2024) How Evaluative Pairings
    Improve Body Dissatisfaction in Adult Women: Evidence from a Randomized-Controlled
    Online Study. <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i> <b>12</b>.'
  chicago: 'Dumstorf, Katharina, Georg Halbeisen, and Georgios Paslakis. “How Evaluative
    Pairings Improve Body Dissatisfaction in Adult Women: Evidence from a Randomized-Controlled
    Online Study.” <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i> 12, no. 1 (2024). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4">https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Dumstorf, Katharina, Georg Halbeisen und Georgios Paslakis. 2024. How
    evaluative pairings improve body dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from
    a randomized-controlled online study. <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i> 12, Nr.
    1. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4">10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dumstorf, Katharina</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Halbeisen, Georg</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Paslakis,
    Georgios</span>: How evaluative pairings improve body dissatisfaction in adult
    women: evidence from a randomized-controlled online study. In: <i>Journal of Eating
    Disorders</i> Bd. 12. London, BioMed Central (2024), Nr. 1'
  havard: 'K. Dumstorf, G. Halbeisen, G. Paslakis, How evaluative pairings improve
    body dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from a randomized-controlled online
    study, Journal of Eating Disorders. 12 (2024).'
  ieee: 'K. Dumstorf, G. Halbeisen, and G. Paslakis, “How evaluative pairings improve
    body dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from a randomized-controlled online
    study,” <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i>, vol. 12, no. 1, Art. no. 18, 2024,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4">10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4</a>.'
  mla: 'Dumstorf, Katharina, et al. “How Evaluative Pairings Improve Body Dissatisfaction
    in Adult Women: Evidence from a Randomized-Controlled Online Study.” <i>Journal
    of Eating Disorders</i>, vol. 12, no. 1, 18, 2024, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4">https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4</a>.'
  short: K. Dumstorf, G. Halbeisen, G. Paslakis, Journal of Eating Disorders 12 (2024).
  ufg: '<b>Dumstorf, Katharina/Halbeisen, Georg/Paslakis, Georgios</b>: How evaluative
    pairings improve body dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from a randomized-controlled
    online study, in: <i>Journal of Eating Disorders</i> 12 (2024), H. 1.'
  van: 'Dumstorf K, Halbeisen G, Paslakis G. How evaluative pairings improve body
    dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence from a randomized-controlled online study.
    Journal of Eating Disorders. 2024;12(1).'
date_created: 2026-03-25T13:36:06Z
date_updated: 2026-03-27T08:34:20Z
department:
- _id: DEP1500
doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-00975-4
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001148311200002'
  pmid:
  - '38268007'
intvolume: '        12'
isi: '1'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Evaluative conditioning
- Body image
- Eating disorders
- Contingency learning
- Psychotherapy
- Pairing procedures
language:
- iso: eng
place: London
pmid: '1'
publication: Journal of Eating Disorders
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2050-2974
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'How evaluative pairings improve body dissatisfaction in adult women: evidence
  from a randomized-controlled online study'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 12
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '13616'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Objective\r\nBody dissatisfaction is an important risk factor for developing
    eating disorders. This study investigated whether pairing images of normatively
    “healthy” weight bodies of women with positive stimuli, and images of bodies outside
    the healthy range (e.g., underweight) with neutral stimuli, could improve body
    dissatisfaction.\r\nMethods\r\nWe compared behavioral and rating data from 121
    adult women who participated in an online study and were randomly assigned to
    an intervention condition (in which healthy body mass predicted positive stimuli)
    or a control condition (with no contingency between body mass and stimulus valence).\r\nResults\r\nBehavioral
    data showed that women in the intervention condition, compared to the control
    condition, learned to associate healthy bodies with positive valence. Having learned
    to associate healthy bodies with positive valence, in turn, predicted reductions
    in body dissatisfaction. The intervention and control conditions were not directly
    associated with changes in body dissatisfaction.\r\nConclusion\r\nLearning to
    associate healthy bodies with any positive stimuli could be a relevant mechanism
    for understanding and predicting improvements in women's body dissatisfaction.
    Further research is required regarding the impact of contingency learning on the
    evaluation of other bodies, and the selection of other bodies for body-related
    social comparison processes."
author:
- first_name: Elena M.
  full_name: Tullius, Elena M.
  last_name: Tullius
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Halbeisen, Georg
  id: '85780'
  last_name: Halbeisen
  orcid: 0000-0002-9529-2215
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Paslakis, Georgios
  last_name: Paslakis
citation:
  ama: Tullius EM, Halbeisen G, Paslakis G. Can evaluative pairings of others’ bodies
    improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled online study
    with adult women. <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i>. 2024;180:340-348. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012">10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012</a>
  apa: Tullius, E. M., Halbeisen, G., &#38; Paslakis, G. (2024). Can evaluative pairings
    of others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled
    online study with adult women. <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i>, <i>180</i>,
    340–348. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012</a>
  bjps: <b>Tullius EM, Halbeisen G and Paslakis G</b> (2024) Can Evaluative Pairings
    of Others’ Bodies Improve Body Dissatisfaction Indirectly? A Randomized-Controlled
    Online Study with Adult Women. <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i> <b>180</b>,
    340–348.
  chicago: 'Tullius, Elena M., Georg Halbeisen, and Georgios Paslakis. “Can Evaluative
    Pairings of Others’ Bodies Improve Body Dissatisfaction Indirectly? A Randomized-Controlled
    Online Study with Adult Women.” <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i> 180 (2024):
    340–48. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Tullius, Elena M., Georg Halbeisen und Georgios Paslakis. 2024. Can
    evaluative pairings of others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly?
    A randomized-controlled online study with adult women. <i>Journal of Psychiatric
    Research</i> 180: 340–348. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012">10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Tullius, Elena M.</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Halbeisen, Georg</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Paslakis,
    Georgios</span>: Can evaluative pairings of others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction
    indirectly? A randomized-controlled online study with adult women. In: <i>Journal
    of Psychiatric Research</i> Bd. 180. Amsterdam [u.a.] , Elsevier BV (2024), S. 340–348'
  havard: E.M. Tullius, G. Halbeisen, G. Paslakis, Can evaluative pairings of others’
    bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled online
    study with adult women, Journal of Psychiatric Research. 180 (2024) 340–348.
  ieee: 'E. M. Tullius, G. Halbeisen, and G. Paslakis, “Can evaluative pairings of
    others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled
    online study with adult women,” <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i>, vol. 180,
    pp. 340–348, 2024, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012">10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012</a>.'
  mla: Tullius, Elena M., et al. “Can Evaluative Pairings of Others’ Bodies Improve
    Body Dissatisfaction Indirectly? A Randomized-Controlled Online Study with Adult
    Women.” <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i>, vol. 180, 2024, pp. 340–48, <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012</a>.
  short: E.M. Tullius, G. Halbeisen, G. Paslakis, Journal of Psychiatric Research
    180 (2024) 340–348.
  ufg: '<b>Tullius, Elena M./Halbeisen, Georg/Paslakis, Georgios</b>: Can evaluative
    pairings of others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled
    online study with adult women, in: <i>Journal of Psychiatric Research</i> 180
    (2024),  S. 340–348.'
  van: Tullius EM, Halbeisen G, Paslakis G. Can evaluative pairings of others’ bodies
    improve body dissatisfaction indirectly? A randomized-controlled online study
    with adult women. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2024;180:340–8.
date_created: 2026-03-25T14:37:24Z
date_updated: 2026-03-25T15:16:51Z
department:
- _id: DEP1500
doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.012
intvolume: '       180'
keyword:
- Evaluative conditioning
- Body image
- Eating disorders
- Contingency learning
- Psychotherapy
language:
- iso: eng
page: 340-348
place: 'Amsterdam [u.a.] '
publication: Journal of Psychiatric Research
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - '1879-1379 '
  issn:
  - 0022-3956
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Can evaluative pairings of others’ bodies improve body dissatisfaction indirectly?
  A randomized-controlled online study with adult women
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 180
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '13641'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The neuro-physiological response to stress has far-reaching implications for
    learning and memory processes. Here, we examined whether and how the stress-induced
    release of cortisol, following the socially-evaluated cold pressor test, influenced
    the acquisition of preferences in an evaluative conditioning (EC) procedure. We
    found that when the stressor preceded the evaluation phase, cortisol responders
    showed decreased evaluative conditioning effects. By contrast, impairing effects
    of a stressor-induced cortisol release before encoding were not found. Moreover,
    explicit memory was not found to be affected by the stressor or its timing. Implications
    of the timing-dependent effects of stress-induced cortisol release on EC and the
    relation between stress and associative memory are discussed.
author:
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Halbeisen, Georg
  id: '85780'
  last_name: Halbeisen
  orcid: 0000-0002-9529-2215
- first_name: Benjamin
  full_name: Buttlar, Benjamin
  last_name: Buttlar
- first_name: Siri-Maria
  full_name: Kamp, Siri-Maria
  last_name: Kamp
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Walther, Eva
  last_name: Walther
citation:
  ama: Halbeisen G, Buttlar B, Kamp SM, Walther E. The timing-dependent effects of
    stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative conditioning. <i>International Journal
    of Psychophysiology</i>. 2020;152:44-52. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007">10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007</a>
  apa: Halbeisen, G., Buttlar, B., Kamp, S.-M., &#38; Walther, E. (2020). The timing-dependent
    effects of stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative conditioning. <i>International
    Journal of Psychophysiology</i>, <i>152</i>, 44–52. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007</a>
  bjps: <b>Halbeisen G <i>et al.</i></b> (2020) The Timing-Dependent Effects of Stress-Induced
    Cortisol Release on Evaluative Conditioning. <i>International Journal of Psychophysiology</i>
    <b>152</b>, 44–52.
  chicago: 'Halbeisen, Georg, Benjamin Buttlar, Siri-Maria Kamp, and Eva Walther.
    “The Timing-Dependent Effects of Stress-Induced Cortisol Release on Evaluative
    Conditioning.” <i>International Journal of Psychophysiology</i> 152 (2020): 44–52.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Halbeisen, Georg, Benjamin Buttlar, Siri-Maria Kamp und Eva Walther.
    2020. The timing-dependent effects of stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative
    conditioning. <i>International Journal of Psychophysiology</i> 152: 44–52. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007">10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Halbeisen, Georg</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Buttlar, Benjamin</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kamp,
    Siri-Maria</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Walther, Eva</span>:
    The timing-dependent effects of stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative
    conditioning. In: <i>International Journal of Psychophysiology</i> Bd. 152, Elsevier
    BV (2020), S. 44–52'
  havard: G. Halbeisen, B. Buttlar, S.-M. Kamp, E. Walther, The timing-dependent effects
    of stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative conditioning, International Journal
    of Psychophysiology. 152 (2020) 44–52.
  ieee: 'G. Halbeisen, B. Buttlar, S.-M. Kamp, and E. Walther, “The timing-dependent
    effects of stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative conditioning,” <i>International
    Journal of Psychophysiology</i>, vol. 152, pp. 44–52, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007">10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007</a>.'
  mla: Halbeisen, Georg, et al. “The Timing-Dependent Effects of Stress-Induced Cortisol
    Release on Evaluative Conditioning.” <i>International Journal of Psychophysiology</i>,
    vol. 152, 2020, pp. 44–52, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007</a>.
  short: G. Halbeisen, B. Buttlar, S.-M. Kamp, E. Walther, International Journal of
    Psychophysiology 152 (2020) 44–52.
  ufg: '<b>Halbeisen, Georg u. a.</b>: The timing-dependent effects of stress-induced
    cortisol release on evaluative conditioning, in: <i>International Journal of Psychophysiology</i>
    152 (2020),  S. 44–52.'
  van: Halbeisen G, Buttlar B, Kamp SM, Walther E. The timing-dependent effects of
    stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative conditioning. International Journal
    of Psychophysiology. 2020;152:44–52.
date_created: 2026-03-27T10:16:23Z
date_updated: 2026-04-08T13:56:40Z
department:
- _id: DEP1500
doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.007
extern: '1'
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000534573000005'
  pmid:
  - '32302644'
intvolume: '       152'
isi: '1'
keyword:
- Affective learning
- Socially-evaluated cold pressor test
- Free salivary cortisol
- Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
- Evaluative conditioning
language:
- iso: eng
page: 44-52
pmid: '1'
publication: International Journal of Psychophysiology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1872-7697
  issn:
  - 0167-8760
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: The timing-dependent effects of stress-induced cortisol release on evaluative
  conditioning
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 152
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '13648'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Attitudes are a core construct of social psychology, and research showed that
    attitudes can be acquired by merely pairing neutral stimuli with other liked or
    disliked stimuli (i.e., evaluative conditioning, EC). In this research we address
    the role of different memory processes contributing to EC. Although it is commonly
    found that memory for the pairings increases EC, we argue that memory performance
    data obtained in the standard paradigm remain ambiguous. We hypothesize that memory
    for stimulus pairings may moderate EC by means of an intentional use of conscious
    recollection as well as through unintended effects of memory. In two experiments
    we used modified memory tests that distinguish between these different memory
    processes on an item-level by identifying recollection as the participant's ability
    to control memory performance. The analyses of the experiments showed that both
    intended and unintended influences independently moderate EC. Based on these results
    we discuss the role of different memory processes in EC, and how memory and learning
    processes may be related.
author:
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Halbeisen, Georg
  id: '85780'
  last_name: Halbeisen
  orcid: 0000-0002-9529-2215
- first_name: Katarina
  full_name: Blask, Katarina
  last_name: Blask
- first_name: Rebecca
  full_name: Weil, Rebecca
  last_name: Weil
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Walther, Eva
  last_name: Walther
citation:
  ama: Halbeisen G, Blask K, Weil R, Walther E. The role of recollection in evaluative
    conditioning. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>. 2014;55:162-168.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005">10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005</a>
  apa: Halbeisen, G., Blask, K., Weil, R., &#38; Walther, E. (2014). The role of recollection
    in evaluative conditioning. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>,
    <i>55</i>, 162–168. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005</a>
  bjps: <b>Halbeisen G <i>et al.</i></b> (2014) The Role of Recollection in Evaluative
    Conditioning. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i> <b>55</b>, 162–168.
  chicago: 'Halbeisen, Georg, Katarina Blask, Rebecca Weil, and Eva Walther. “The
    Role of Recollection in Evaluative Conditioning.” <i>Journal of Experimental Social
    Psychology</i> 55 (2014): 162–68. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Halbeisen, Georg, Katarina Blask, Rebecca Weil und Eva Walther. 2014.
    The role of recollection in evaluative conditioning. <i>Journal of Experimental
    Social Psychology</i> 55: 162–168. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005">10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Halbeisen, Georg</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Blask, Katarina</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Weil,
    Rebecca</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Walther, Eva</span>: The
    role of recollection in evaluative conditioning. In: <i>Journal of Experimental
    Social Psychology</i> Bd. 55. Amsterdam [u.a.], Elsevier BV (2014), S. 162–168'
  havard: G. Halbeisen, K. Blask, R. Weil, E. Walther, The role of recollection in
    evaluative conditioning, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 55 (2014)
    162–168.
  ieee: 'G. Halbeisen, K. Blask, R. Weil, and E. Walther, “The role of recollection
    in evaluative conditioning,” <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>,
    vol. 55, pp. 162–168, 2014, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005">10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005</a>.'
  mla: Halbeisen, Georg, et al. “The Role of Recollection in Evaluative Conditioning.”
    <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>, vol. 55, 2014, pp. 162–68, <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005</a>.
  short: G. Halbeisen, K. Blask, R. Weil, E. Walther, Journal of Experimental Social
    Psychology 55 (2014) 162–168.
  ufg: '<b>Halbeisen, Georg u. a.</b>: The role of recollection in evaluative conditioning,
    in: <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i> 55 (2014),  S. 162–168.'
  van: Halbeisen G, Blask K, Weil R, Walther E. The role of recollection in evaluative
    conditioning. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 2014;55:162–8.
date_created: 2026-03-27T10:21:26Z
date_updated: 2026-03-27T13:53:34Z
department:
- _id: DEP1500
doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2014.07.005
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000343618000020'
intvolume: '        55'
isi: '1'
keyword:
- Evaluative conditioning
- Attitude
- Source awareness
- Contingency awareness
language:
- iso: eng
page: 162-168
place: Amsterdam [u.a.]
publication: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1096-0465
  issn:
  - 0022-1031
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: The role of recollection in evaluative conditioning
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 55
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '13609'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Evaluative conditioning (EC) refers to changes in the evaluation of a conditioned
    stimulus (CS) due to its repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus (US).
    One of the most debated topics in EC research is whether or not EC is dependent
    on contingency awareness. In this study, we go beyond this debate by examining
    whether contingency awareness mediates the impact of attentional resources and
    goal-directed attention on EC. Attentional resources were manipulated by presenting
    CSs and USs either within the same modality or in different modalities. Goal-directed
    attention was manipulated by asking participants to respond to the CSs or to the
    USs. Results indicate that the effect of goal-directed attention on EC is mediated
    by contingency awareness, whereas the effect of attentional resources on EC is
    not.
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Blask, Katharina
  last_name: Blask
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Walther, Eva
  last_name: Walther
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Halbeisen, Georg
  id: '85780'
  last_name: Halbeisen
  orcid: 0000-0002-9529-2215
- first_name: Rebecca
  full_name: Weil, Rebecca
  last_name: Weil
citation:
  ama: 'Blask K, Walther E, Halbeisen G, Weil R. At the crossroads: Attention, contingency
    awareness, and evaluative conditioning. <i>Learning and Motivation</i>. 2012;43(3):99-106.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004">10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004</a>'
  apa: 'Blask, K., Walther, E., Halbeisen, G., &#38; Weil, R. (2012). At the crossroads:
    Attention, contingency awareness, and evaluative conditioning. <i>Learning and
    Motivation</i>, <i>43</i>(3), 99–106. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Blask K <i>et al.</i></b> (2012) At the Crossroads: Attention, Contingency
    Awareness, and Evaluative Conditioning. <i>Learning and Motivation</i> <b>43</b>,
    99–106.'
  chicago: 'Blask, Katharina, Eva Walther, Georg Halbeisen, and Rebecca Weil. “At
    the Crossroads: Attention, Contingency Awareness, and Evaluative Conditioning.”
    <i>Learning and Motivation</i> 43, no. 3 (2012): 99–106. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Blask, Katharina, Eva Walther, Georg Halbeisen und Rebecca Weil. 2012.
    At the crossroads: Attention, contingency awareness, and evaluative conditioning.
    <i>Learning and Motivation</i> 43, Nr. 3: 99–106. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004">10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Blask, Katharina</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Walther, Eva</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Halbeisen,
    Georg</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Weil, Rebecca</span>: At
    the crossroads: Attention, contingency awareness, and evaluative conditioning.
    In: <i>Learning and Motivation</i> Bd. 43. Orlando, Fla. , Academic Press (2012),
    Nr. 3, S. 99–106'
  havard: 'K. Blask, E. Walther, G. Halbeisen, R. Weil, At the crossroads: Attention,
    contingency awareness, and evaluative conditioning, Learning and Motivation. 43
    (2012) 99–106.'
  ieee: 'K. Blask, E. Walther, G. Halbeisen, and R. Weil, “At the crossroads: Attention,
    contingency awareness, and evaluative conditioning,” <i>Learning and Motivation</i>,
    vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 99–106, 2012, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004">10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004</a>.'
  mla: 'Blask, Katharina, et al. “At the Crossroads: Attention, Contingency Awareness,
    and Evaluative Conditioning.” <i>Learning and Motivation</i>, vol. 43, no. 3,
    2012, pp. 99–106, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004</a>.'
  short: K. Blask, E. Walther, G. Halbeisen, R. Weil, Learning and Motivation 43 (2012)
    99–106.
  ufg: '<b>Blask, Katharina u. a.</b>: At the crossroads: Attention, contingency awareness,
    and evaluative conditioning, in: <i>Learning and Motivation</i> 43 (2012), H.
    3,  S. 99–106.'
  van: 'Blask K, Walther E, Halbeisen G, Weil R. At the crossroads: Attention, contingency
    awareness, and evaluative conditioning. Learning and Motivation. 2012;43(3):99–106.'
date_created: 2026-03-25T13:36:32Z
date_updated: 2026-03-27T13:50:13Z
department:
- _id: DEP1500
doi: 10.1016/j.lmot.2012.03.004
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000307607600003'
intvolume: '        43'
isi: '1'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Evaluative conditioning
- Contingency awareness
- Attentional resources
- Goal-directed attention
- Mediation
language:
- iso: eng
page: 99-106
place: 'Orlando, Fla. '
publication: Learning and Motivation
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9122
  issn:
  - 0023-9690
publication_status: published
publisher: Academic Press
status: public
title: 'At the crossroads: Attention, contingency awareness, and evaluative conditioning'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 43
year: '2012'
...