---
_id: '12838'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The need for new bio based drop-in components for combustion engine fuels
    and the availability of sustainable glycerol from biodiesel production has focused
    attention on isopropylidene glycerol (solketal). The present study investigates
    the physical and chemical behavior of solketal in ternary blends with diesel fuel/biodiesel.
    Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) was used as renewable non-polar aliphatic diesel
    fuel substitute in biodiesel/ solketal blends. HVO can be considered a prototype
    for other non-polar fuel components such as paraffinic fuel streams from Fischer-Tropsch
    or BtL processes. Surface tension, permittivity and aging behavior were analyzed.
    Furthermore, the cetane number (CN) and the viscosity was determined. Permittivity
    reflects the polarity of blends and their components with its change being an
    indicator of loss of physical and chemical stability. The antioxidant triphenyl
    phosphorothioate (TPPT) was also tested in some blends. The biodiesel blends B20,
    B30 and B40 enables single phased diesel fuel or HVO with varied solketal content
    (2 and 10%) at a constant biodiesel amount. No effect of solketal on fuel aging
    was observed. However, HVO-containing blends tend to lower the thermo-chemical
    stability relative to diesel fuel.
article_number: '122463'
author:
- first_name: Julian
  full_name: Türck, Julian
  last_name: Türck
- first_name: Anja
  full_name: Singer, Anja
  last_name: Singer
- first_name: Anne
  full_name: Lichtinger, Anne
  last_name: Lichtinger
- first_name: Mohammad
  full_name: Almaddad, Mohammad
  last_name: Almaddad
- first_name: Ralf
  full_name: Türck, Ralf
  last_name: Türck
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Jakob, Markus
  last_name: Jakob
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Garbe, Thomas
  last_name: Garbe
- first_name: Wolfgang
  full_name: Ruck, Wolfgang
  last_name: Ruck
- first_name: Jürgen
  full_name: Krahl, Jürgen
  id: '68870'
  last_name: Krahl
citation:
  ama: 'Türck J, Singer A, Lichtinger A, et al. Solketal as a renewable fuel component
    in ternary blends with biodiesel and diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical
    and chemical properties. <i>Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy</i>.
    2021;310. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463">10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463</a>'
  apa: 'Türck, J., Singer, A., Lichtinger, A., Almaddad, M., Türck, R., Jakob, M.,
    Garbe, T., Ruck, W., &#38; Krahl, J. (2021). Solketal as a renewable fuel component
    in ternary blends with biodiesel and diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical
    and chemical properties. <i>Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy</i>,
    <i>310</i>, Article 122463. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Türck J <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) Solketal as a Renewable Fuel Component
    in Ternary Blends with Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel or HVO and the Impact on Physical
    and Chemical Properties. <i>Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy</i>
    <b>310</b>.'
  chicago: 'Türck, Julian, Anja Singer, Anne Lichtinger, Mohammad Almaddad, Ralf Türck,
    Markus Jakob, Thomas Garbe, Wolfgang Ruck, and Jürgen Krahl. “Solketal as a Renewable
    Fuel Component in Ternary Blends with Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel or HVO and the
    Impact on Physical and Chemical Properties.” <i>Fuel : The Science and Technology
    of Fuel and Energy</i> 310 (2021). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Türck, Julian, Anja Singer, Anne Lichtinger, Mohammad Almaddad, Ralf
    Türck, Markus Jakob, Thomas Garbe, Wolfgang Ruck und Jürgen Krahl. 2021. Solketal
    as a renewable fuel component in ternary blends with biodiesel and diesel fuel
    or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical properties. <i>Fuel : the science
    and technology of fuel and energy</i> 310. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463">10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Türck,
    Julian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Singer, Anja</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Lichtinger, Anne</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Almaddad,
    Mohammad</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Türck, Ralf</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Jakob, Markus</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Garbe,
    Thomas</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ruck, Wolfgang</span> ;
    u. a.</span>: Solketal as a renewable fuel component in ternary blends with biodiesel
    and diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical properties. In:
    <i>Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy</i> Bd. 310. Amsterdam
    [u.a.], Elsevier BV (2021)'
  havard: 'J. Türck, A. Singer, A. Lichtinger, M. Almaddad, R. Türck, M. Jakob, T.
    Garbe, W. Ruck, J. Krahl, Solketal as a renewable fuel component in ternary blends
    with biodiesel and diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical
    properties, Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy. 310 (2021).'
  ieee: 'J. Türck <i>et al.</i>, “Solketal as a renewable fuel component in ternary
    blends with biodiesel and diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical
    properties,” <i>Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy</i>, vol.
    310, Art. no. 122463, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463">10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463</a>.'
  mla: 'Türck, Julian, et al. “Solketal as a Renewable Fuel Component in Ternary Blends
    with Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel or HVO and the Impact on Physical and Chemical
    Properties.” <i>Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy</i>, vol.
    310, 122463, 2021, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463</a>.'
  short: 'J. Türck, A. Singer, A. Lichtinger, M. Almaddad, R. Türck, M. Jakob, T.
    Garbe, W. Ruck, J. Krahl, Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy
    310 (2021).'
  ufg: '<b>Türck, Julian u. a.</b>: Solketal as a renewable fuel component in ternary
    blends with biodiesel and diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical
    properties, in: <i>Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy</i> 310
    (2021).'
  van: 'Türck J, Singer A, Lichtinger A, Almaddad M, Türck R, Jakob M, et al. Solketal
    as a renewable fuel component in ternary blends with biodiesel and diesel fuel
    or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical properties. Fuel : the science
    and technology of fuel and energy. 2021;310.'
date_created: 2025-04-23T08:54:08Z
date_updated: 2025-06-26T13:25:06Z
department:
- _id: DEP1408
doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122463
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000741390500002'
intvolume: '       310'
isi: '1'
keyword:
- Solketal
- Biodiesel
- HVO
- Diesel fuel
- Miscibility
- Fuel aging
- Cetane Number
language:
- iso: eng
place: Amsterdam [u.a.]
publication: 'Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1873-7153
  issn:
  - 0016-2361
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: Solketal as a renewable fuel component in ternary blends with biodiesel and
  diesel fuel or HVO and the impact on physical and chemical properties
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 310
year: '2021'
...