---
_id: '12225'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Lake Sevan is the largest freshwater body in the Caucasus region, situated
at an altitude of 1,900 m asl. While it is a major water resource in the whole
region, Lake Sevan has received little attention in international limnological
literature. Although recent studies pointed to algal blooms and negative impacts
of climate change and eutrophication, the physical controls on thermal dynamics
have not been characterized and model-based assessments of climate change impacts
are lacking. We compiled a decade of historical data for meteorological conditions
and temperature dynamics in Lake Sevan and used a one-dimensional hydrodynamic
model (GLM 3.1) in order to study thermal structure, the stratification phenology
and their meteorological drivers in this large mountain lake. We then evaluated
the representativeness of meteorological data products covering almost 4 decades
(EWEMBI-dataset: 1979-2016) for driving the model and found that these data are
well suited to restore long term thermal dynamics in Lake Sevan. This established
model setting allowed us to identify major changes in Lake Sevan’s stratification
in response to changing meteorological conditions as expected from ongoing climate
change. Our results point to a changing mixing type from dimictic to monomictic
as Lake Sevan will experience prolonged summer stratification periods and more
stable stratification. These projected changes in stratification must be included
in long-term management perspectives as they will intensify water quality deteriorations
like surface algal blooms or deep water anoxia.'
author:
- first_name: Muhammed
full_name: Shikhani, Muhammed
id: '87725'
last_name: Shikhani
- first_name: Chenxi
full_name: Mi, Chenxi
last_name: Mi
- first_name: Artur
full_name: Gevorgyan, Artur
last_name: Gevorgyan
- first_name: Gor
full_name: Gevorgyan, Gor
last_name: Gevorgyan
- first_name: Amalya
full_name: Misakyan, Amalya
last_name: Misakyan
- first_name: Levon
full_name: Azizyan, Levon
last_name: Azizyan
- first_name: Klemens
full_name: Barfus, Klemens
last_name: Barfus
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Schulze, Martin
last_name: Schulze
- first_name: Tom
full_name: Shatwell, Tom
id: '86424'
last_name: Shatwell
orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Karsten
full_name: Rinke, Karsten
last_name: Rinke
citation:
ama: 'Shikhani M, Mi C, Gevorgyan A, et al. Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest
lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan. Journal of Limnology.
2021;81(s1). doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024'
apa: 'Shikhani, M., Mi, C., Gevorgyan, A., Gevorgyan, G., Misakyan, A., Azizyan,
L., Barfus, K., Schulze, M., Shatwell, T., & Rinke, K. (2021). Simulating
thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake
Sevan. Journal of Limnology, 81(s1). https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024'
bjps: 'Shikhani M et al. (2021) Simulating Thermal Dynamics of the
Largest Lake in the Caucasus Region: The Mountain Lake Sevan. Journal of Limnology
81.'
chicago: 'Shikhani, Muhammed, Chenxi Mi, Artur Gevorgyan, Gor Gevorgyan, Amalya
Misakyan, Levon Azizyan, Klemens Barfus, Martin Schulze, Tom Shatwell, and Karsten
Rinke. “Simulating Thermal Dynamics of the Largest Lake in the Caucasus Region:
The Mountain Lake Sevan.” Journal of Limnology 81, no. s1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024.'
chicago-de: 'Shikhani, Muhammed, Chenxi Mi, Artur Gevorgyan, Gor Gevorgyan, Amalya
Misakyan, Levon Azizyan, Klemens Barfus, Martin Schulze, Tom Shatwell und Karsten
Rinke. 2021. Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region:
The mountain Lake Sevan. Journal of Limnology 81, Nr. s1. doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Shikhani,
Muhammed ; Mi, Chenxi ; Gevorgyan, Artur ; Gevorgyan,
Gor ; Misakyan, Amalya ;
Azizyan, Levon ; Barfus,
Klemens ; Schulze, Martin
; u. a.: Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus
region: The mountain Lake Sevan. In: Journal of Limnology Bd. 81. Verbania
, Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (Verbania) (2021), Nr. s1'
havard: 'M. Shikhani, C. Mi, A. Gevorgyan, G. Gevorgyan, A. Misakyan, L. Azizyan,
K. Barfus, M. Schulze, T. Shatwell, K. Rinke, Simulating thermal dynamics of the
largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan, Journal of Limnology.
81 (2021).'
ieee: 'M. Shikhani et al., “Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake
in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan,” Journal of Limnology,
vol. 81, no. s1, 2021, doi: 10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024.'
mla: 'Shikhani, Muhammed, et al. “Simulating Thermal Dynamics of the Largest Lake
in the Caucasus Region: The Mountain Lake Sevan.” Journal of Limnology,
vol. 81, no. s1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024.'
short: M. Shikhani, C. Mi, A. Gevorgyan, G. Gevorgyan, A. Misakyan, L. Azizyan,
K. Barfus, M. Schulze, T. Shatwell, K. Rinke, Journal of Limnology 81 (2021).
ufg: 'Shikhani, Muhammed u. a.: Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest
lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan, in: Journal of Limnology
81 (2021), H. s1.'
van: 'Shikhani M, Mi C, Gevorgyan A, Gevorgyan G, Misakyan A, Azizyan L, et al.
Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain
Lake Sevan. Journal of Limnology. 2021;81(s1).'
date_created: 2024-12-08T19:55:10Z
date_updated: 2024-12-11T13:04:19Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 81'
issue: s1
keyword:
- General Lake Model (GLM)
- Lake Sevan
- temperature stratification
- EWEMBI
- climate warming
language:
- iso: eng
place: 'Verbania '
publication: Journal of Limnology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1723-8633
issn:
- 1129-5767
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (Verbania) '
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The
mountain Lake Sevan'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 81
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12239'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The modelling community has identified challenges for the integration and
assessment of lake models due to the diversity of modelling approaches and lakes.
In this study, we develop and assess a one-dimensional lake model and apply it
to 32 lakes from a global observatory network. The data set included lakes over
broad ranges in latitude, climatic zones, size, residence time, mixing regime
and trophic level. Model performance was evaluated using several error assessment
metrics, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted for nine parameters that governed
the surface heat exchange and mixing efficiency. There was low correlation between
input data uncertainty and model performance and predictions of temperature were
less sensitive to model parameters than prediction of thermocline depth and Schmidt
stability. The study provides guidance to where the general model approach and
associated assumptions work, and cases where adjustments to model parameterisations
and/or structure are required.
author:
- first_name: Louise C.
full_name: Bruce, Louise C.
last_name: Bruce
- first_name: Marieke A.
full_name: Frassl, Marieke A.
last_name: Frassl
- first_name: George B.
full_name: Arhonditsis, George B.
last_name: Arhonditsis
- first_name: Gideon
full_name: Gal, Gideon
last_name: Gal
- first_name: David P.
full_name: Hamilton, David P.
last_name: Hamilton
- first_name: Paul C.
full_name: Hanson, Paul C.
last_name: Hanson
- first_name: Amy L.
full_name: Hetherington, Amy L.
last_name: Hetherington
- first_name: John M.
full_name: Melack, John M.
last_name: Melack
- first_name: Jordan S.
full_name: Read, Jordan S.
last_name: Read
- first_name: Karsten
full_name: Rinke, Karsten
last_name: Rinke
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Rigosi, Anna
last_name: Rigosi
- first_name: Dennis
full_name: Trolle, Dennis
last_name: Trolle
- first_name: Luke
full_name: Winslow, Luke
last_name: Winslow
- first_name: Rita
full_name: Adrian, Rita
last_name: Adrian
- first_name: Ana I.
full_name: Ayala, Ana I.
last_name: Ayala
- first_name: Serghei A.
full_name: Bocaniov, Serghei A.
last_name: Bocaniov
- first_name: Bertram
full_name: Boehrer, Bertram
last_name: Boehrer
- first_name: Casper
full_name: Boon, Casper
last_name: Boon
- first_name: Justin D.
full_name: Brookes, Justin D.
last_name: Brookes
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Bueche, Thomas
last_name: Bueche
- first_name: Brendan D.
full_name: Busch, Brendan D.
last_name: Busch
- first_name: Diego
full_name: Copetti, Diego
last_name: Copetti
- first_name: Alicia
full_name: Cortés, Alicia
last_name: Cortés
- first_name: Elvira
full_name: de Eyto, Elvira
last_name: de Eyto
- first_name: J. Alex
full_name: Elliott, J. Alex
last_name: Elliott
- first_name: Nicole
full_name: Gallina, Nicole
last_name: Gallina
- first_name: Yael
full_name: Gilboa, Yael
last_name: Gilboa
- first_name: Nicolas
full_name: Guyennon, Nicolas
last_name: Guyennon
- first_name: Lei
full_name: Huang, Lei
last_name: Huang
- first_name: Onur
full_name: Kerimoglu, Onur
last_name: Kerimoglu
- first_name: John D.
full_name: Lenters, John D.
last_name: Lenters
- first_name: Sally
full_name: MacIntyre, Sally
last_name: MacIntyre
- first_name: Vardit
full_name: Makler-Pick, Vardit
last_name: Makler-Pick
- first_name: Chris G.
full_name: McBride, Chris G.
last_name: McBride
- first_name: Santiago
full_name: Moreira, Santiago
last_name: Moreira
- first_name: Deniz
full_name: Özkundakci, Deniz
last_name: Özkundakci
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Pilotti, Marco
last_name: Pilotti
- first_name: Francisco J.
full_name: Rueda, Francisco J.
last_name: Rueda
- first_name: James A.
full_name: Rusak, James A.
last_name: Rusak
- first_name: Nihar R.
full_name: Samal, Nihar R.
last_name: Samal
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Schmid, Martin
last_name: Schmid
- first_name: Tom
full_name: Shatwell, Tom
id: '86424'
last_name: Shatwell
orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Craig
full_name: Snorthheim, Craig
last_name: Snorthheim
- first_name: Frédéric
full_name: Soulignac, Frédéric
last_name: Soulignac
- first_name: Giulia
full_name: Valerio, Giulia
last_name: Valerio
- first_name: Leon
full_name: van der Linden, Leon
last_name: van der Linden
- first_name: Mark
full_name: Vetter, Mark
last_name: Vetter
- first_name: Brigitte
full_name: Vinçon-Leite, Brigitte
last_name: Vinçon-Leite
- first_name: Junbo
full_name: Wang, Junbo
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Weber, Michael
last_name: Weber
- first_name: Chaturangi
full_name: Wickramaratne, Chaturangi
last_name: Wickramaratne
- first_name: R. Iestyn
full_name: Woolway, R. Iestyn
last_name: Woolway
- first_name: Huaxia
full_name: Yao, Huaxia
last_name: Yao
- first_name: Matthew R.
full_name: Hipsey, Matthew R.
last_name: Hipsey
citation:
ama: 'Bruce LC, Frassl MA, Arhonditsis GB, et al. A multi-lake comparative analysis
of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network.
Environmental modelling & software with environment data news . 2018;102(4):274-291.
doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016'
apa: 'Bruce, L. C., Frassl, M. A., Arhonditsis, G. B., Gal, G., Hamilton, D. P.,
Hanson, P. C., Hetherington, A. L., Melack, J. M., Read, J. S., Rinke, K., Rigosi,
A., Trolle, D., Winslow, L., Adrian, R., Ayala, A. I., Bocaniov, S. A., Boehrer,
B., Boon, C., Brookes, J. D., … Hipsey, M. R. (2018). A multi-lake comparative
analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory
network. Environmental Modelling & Software with Environment Data News
, 102(4), 274–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016'
bjps: 'Bruce LC et al. (2018) A Multi-Lake Comparative Analysis of
the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-Testing across a Global Observatory Network.
Environmental modelling & software with environment data news 102,
274–291.'
chicago: 'Bruce, Louise C., Marieke A. Frassl, George B. Arhonditsis, Gideon Gal,
David P. Hamilton, Paul C. Hanson, Amy L. Hetherington, et al. “A Multi-Lake Comparative
Analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-Testing across a Global Observatory
Network.” Environmental Modelling & Software with Environment Data News
102, no. 4 (2018): 274–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016.'
chicago-de: 'Bruce, Louise C., Marieke A. Frassl, George B. Arhonditsis, Gideon
Gal, David P. Hamilton, Paul C. Hanson, Amy L. Hetherington, u. a. 2018. A multi-lake
comparative analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a
global observatory network. Environmental modelling & software with environment
data news 102, Nr. 4: 274–291. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Bruce,
Louise C. ; Frassl, Marieke A.
; Arhonditsis, George B. ; Gal, Gideon ; Hamilton,
David P. ; Hanson, Paul C.
; Hetherington, Amy L. ; Melack,
John M. ; u. a.: A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General
Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network. In: Environmental
modelling & software with environment data news Bd. 102. Oxford, Elsevier
Science (2018), Nr. 4, S. 274–291'
havard: 'L.C. Bruce, M.A. Frassl, G.B. Arhonditsis, G. Gal, D.P. Hamilton, P.C.
Hanson, A.L. Hetherington, J.M. Melack, J.S. Read, K. Rinke, A. Rigosi, D. Trolle,
L. Winslow, R. Adrian, A.I. Ayala, S.A. Bocaniov, B. Boehrer, C. Boon, J.D. Brookes,
T. Bueche, B.D. Busch, D. Copetti, A. Cortés, E. de Eyto, J.A. Elliott, N. Gallina,
Y. Gilboa, N. Guyennon, L. Huang, O. Kerimoglu, J.D. Lenters, S. MacIntyre, V.
Makler-Pick, C.G. McBride, S. Moreira, D. Özkundakci, M. Pilotti, F.J. Rueda,
J.A. Rusak, N.R. Samal, M. Schmid, T. Shatwell, C. Snorthheim, F. Soulignac, G.
Valerio, L. van der Linden, M. Vetter, B. Vinçon-Leite, J. Wang, M. Weber, C.
Wickramaratne, R.I. Woolway, H. Yao, M.R. Hipsey, A multi-lake comparative analysis
of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network,
Environmental Modelling & Software with Environment Data News . 102 (2018)
274–291.'
ieee: 'L. C. Bruce et al., “A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General
Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network,” Environmental
modelling & software with environment data news , vol. 102, no. 4, pp.
274–291, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016.'
mla: 'Bruce, Louise C., et al. “A Multi-Lake Comparative Analysis of the General
Lake Model (GLM): Stress-Testing across a Global Observatory Network.” Environmental
Modelling & Software with Environment Data News , vol. 102, no. 4, 2018,
pp. 274–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016.'
short: L.C. Bruce, M.A. Frassl, G.B. Arhonditsis, G. Gal, D.P. Hamilton, P.C. Hanson,
A.L. Hetherington, J.M. Melack, J.S. Read, K. Rinke, A. Rigosi, D. Trolle, L.
Winslow, R. Adrian, A.I. Ayala, S.A. Bocaniov, B. Boehrer, C. Boon, J.D. Brookes,
T. Bueche, B.D. Busch, D. Copetti, A. Cortés, E. de Eyto, J.A. Elliott, N. Gallina,
Y. Gilboa, N. Guyennon, L. Huang, O. Kerimoglu, J.D. Lenters, S. MacIntyre, V.
Makler-Pick, C.G. McBride, S. Moreira, D. Özkundakci, M. Pilotti, F.J. Rueda,
J.A. Rusak, N.R. Samal, M. Schmid, T. Shatwell, C. Snorthheim, F. Soulignac, G.
Valerio, L. van der Linden, M. Vetter, B. Vinçon-Leite, J. Wang, M. Weber, C.
Wickramaratne, R.I. Woolway, H. Yao, M.R. Hipsey, Environmental Modelling &
Software with Environment Data News 102 (2018) 274–291.
ufg: 'Bruce, Louise C. u. a.: A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General
Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network, in: Environmental
modelling & software with environment data news 102 (2018), H. 4, S.
274–291.'
van: 'Bruce LC, Frassl MA, Arhonditsis GB, Gal G, Hamilton DP, Hanson PC, et al.
A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing
across a global observatory network. Environmental modelling & software with
environment data news . 2018;102(4):274–91.'
date_created: 2024-12-08T20:32:07Z
date_updated: 2024-12-09T10:13:47Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 102'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Lake model
- Stratification
- GLM
- Model assessment
- Global observatory data
- Network science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016
page: 274-291
place: Oxford
publication: 'Environmental modelling & software with environment data news '
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1873-6726
issn:
- 1364-8152
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier Science
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing
across a global observatory network'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 102
year: '2018'
...