[{"title":"Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir","publication_status":"published","user_id":"83781","place":"Amsterdam","citation":{"short":"B. Gai, B. Boehrer, J. Sun, Y. Li, B. Lin, T. Shatwell, Journal of Hydrology 631 (2024).","ama":"Gai B, Boehrer B, Sun J, Li Y, Lin B, Shatwell T. Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir. <i>Journal of Hydrology</i>. 2024;631(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701\">10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701</a>","apa":"Gai, B., Boehrer, B., Sun, J., Li, Y., Lin, B., &#38; Shatwell, T. (2024). Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir. <i>Journal of Hydrology</i>, <i>631</i>(3), Article 130701. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701</a>","havard":"B. Gai, B. Boehrer, J. Sun, Y. Li, B. Lin, T. Shatwell, Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir, Journal of Hydrology. 631 (2024).","bjps":"<b>Gai B <i>et al.</i></b> (2024) Vertical Water Age and Water Renewal in a Large Riverine Reservoir. <i>Journal of Hydrology</i> <b>631</b>.","ieee":"B. Gai, B. Boehrer, J. Sun, Y. Li, B. Lin, and T. Shatwell, “Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir,” <i>Journal of Hydrology</i>, vol. 631, no. 3, Art. no. 130701, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701\">10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701</a>.","van":"Gai B, Boehrer B, Sun J, Li Y, Lin B, Shatwell T. Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir. Journal of Hydrology. 2024;631(3).","ufg":"<b>Gai, Bo u. a.</b>: Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir, in: <i>Journal of Hydrology</i> 631 (2024), H. 3.","chicago":"Gai, Bo, Bertram Boehrer, Jian Sun, Yuanyi Li, Binliang Lin, and Tom Shatwell. “Vertical Water Age and Water Renewal in a Large Riverine Reservoir.” <i>Journal of Hydrology</i> 631, no. 3 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701</a>.","chicago-de":"Gai, Bo, Bertram Boehrer, Jian Sun, Yuanyi Li, Binliang Lin und Tom Shatwell. 2024. Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir. <i>Journal of Hydrology</i> 631, Nr. 3. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701\">10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701</a>, .","mla":"Gai, Bo, et al. “Vertical Water Age and Water Renewal in a Large Riverine Reservoir.” <i>Journal of Hydrology</i>, vol. 631, no. 3, 130701, 2024, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701</a>.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gai, Bo</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Boehrer, Bertram</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Sun, Jian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Li, Yuanyi</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Lin, Binliang</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Shatwell, Tom</span>: Vertical water age and water renewal in a large riverine reservoir. In: <i>Journal of Hydrology</i> Bd. 631. Amsterdam, Elsevier BV (2024), Nr. 3"},"type":"scientific_journal_article","author":[{"first_name":"Bo","last_name":"Gai","full_name":"Gai, Bo"},{"full_name":"Boehrer, Bertram","first_name":"Bertram","last_name":"Boehrer"},{"last_name":"Sun","first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Sun, Jian"},{"full_name":"Li, Yuanyi","first_name":"Yuanyi","last_name":"Li"},{"full_name":"Lin, Binliang","last_name":"Lin","first_name":"Binliang"},{"first_name":"Tom","orcid":"0000-0002-4520-7916","last_name":"Shatwell","full_name":"Shatwell, Tom","id":"86424"}],"volume":631,"year":"2024","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Water quality and hypoxia in lakes and reservoirs are strongly associated with water renewal. Yet vertical water exchange is still not fully understood and challenging to evaluate in highly dynamic systems. Here, we applied a scaling approach using the vertical timescale, vertical water age (VWA), defined as time since a water parcel last touched the water surface. We established a 3D hydrodynamic-based age model to quantify the vertical water renewal in Xiangxi Bay, a tributary bay of the Three Gorges Dam. The integrated effects of hydrodynamic processes like stratification, intruding density currents from the mainstream, and upstream inflow on the vertical renewal were accounted for. Results indicated that the spatial–temporal distribution of VWA in Xiangxi Bay depended on stratification and forms of intruding density currents. Age was large in spring and summer, and small in autumn and winter, reaching a maximum of 25 days in April. The vertical water renewal was faster during bottom intrusions from the mainstream than during middle and surface intrusions. At times, the epilimnion contained old water due to circulations, and the hypolimnion contained young water due to upstream flushing. In contrast to natural lakes, the bottom water was often younger than overlying intermediate waters. This demonstrated that mixed layer depth was insufficient to fully capture the vertical exchange in riverine systems with significant surface/bottom intrusion. The findings suggested VWA as a quantitative measure of vertical water transport in highly dynamic systems and its usability for environmental water management."}],"doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.130701","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-1694"],"eissn":["1879-2707"]},"publisher":"Elsevier BV","status":"public","publication":"Journal of Hydrology","department":[{"_id":"DEP8022"}],"extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2024-12-08T19:37:43Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"130701","_id":"12212","issue":"3","intvolume":"       631","keyword":["Vertical water renewal","Water age","Thermal stratification","Hypoxia","3D hydrodynamic-based age model","Water environmental management"],"date_updated":"2024-12-11T14:03:33Z"},{"volume":146,"author":[{"last_name":"Mi","first_name":"Chenxi","full_name":"Mi, Chenxi"},{"last_name":"Rinke","first_name":"Karsten","full_name":"Rinke, Karsten"},{"full_name":"Shatwell, Tom","id":"86424","first_name":"Tom","orcid":"0000-0002-4520-7916","last_name":"Shatwell"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Mi, Chenxi, Karsten Rinke, and Tom Shatwell. “Optimizing Selective Withdrawal Strategies to Mitigate Hypoxia under Water-Level Reduction in Germany’s Largest Drinking Water Reservoir.” <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i> 146, no. 12 (2024): 127–39. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025</a>.","chicago-de":"Mi, Chenxi, Karsten Rinke und Tom Shatwell. 2024. Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir. <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i> 146, Nr. 12: 127–139. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025\">10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025</a>, .","van":"Mi C, Rinke K, Shatwell T. Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2024;146(12):127–39.","ufg":"<b>Mi, Chenxi/Rinke, Karsten/Shatwell, Tom</b>: Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir, in: <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i> 146 (2024), H. 12,  S. 127–139.","mla":"Mi, Chenxi, et al. “Optimizing Selective Withdrawal Strategies to Mitigate Hypoxia under Water-Level Reduction in Germany’s Largest Drinking Water Reservoir.” <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i>, vol. 146, no. 12, 2024, pp. 127–39, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025</a>.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Mi, Chenxi</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Rinke, Karsten</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Shatwell, Tom</span>: Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir. In: <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i> Bd. 146. Amsterdam, Elsevier BV (2024), Nr. 12, S. 127–139","ama":"Mi C, Rinke K, Shatwell T. Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir. <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i>. 2024;146(12):127-139. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025\">10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025</a>","apa":"Mi, C., Rinke, K., &#38; Shatwell, T. (2024). Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir. <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i>, <i>146</i>(12), 127–139. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025</a>","short":"C. Mi, K. Rinke, T. Shatwell, Journal of Environmental Sciences 146 (2024) 127–139.","ieee":"C. Mi, K. Rinke, and T. Shatwell, “Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir,” <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i>, vol. 146, no. 12, pp. 127–139, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025\">10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025</a>.","havard":"C. Mi, K. Rinke, T. Shatwell, Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany’s largest drinking water reservoir, Journal of Environmental Sciences. 146 (2024) 127–139.","bjps":"<b>Mi C, Rinke K and Shatwell T</b> (2024) Optimizing Selective Withdrawal Strategies to Mitigate Hypoxia under Water-Level Reduction in Germany’s Largest Drinking Water Reservoir. <i>Journal of Environmental Sciences</i> <b>146</b>, 127–139."},"place":"Amsterdam","type":"scientific_journal_article","publication_status":"published","user_id":"83781","title":"Optimizing selective withdrawal strategies to mitigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germany's largest drinking water reservoir","status":"public","publication":"Journal of Environmental Sciences","page":"127-139","doi":"10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.025","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Water-level reduction frequently occurs in deep reservoirs, but its effect on dissolved oxygen concentration is not well understood. In this study we used a well-established water quality model to illustrate effects of water level dynamics on oxygen concentration in Rappbode Reservoir, Germany. We then systematically elucidated the potential of selective withdrawal to control hypoxia under changing water levels. Our results documented a gradual decrease of hypolimnetic oxygen concentration under decreasing water level, and hypoxia occurred when the initial level was lower than 410 m a.s.l (71 m relative to the reservoir bottom). We also suggested that changes of hypoxic region, under increasing hypolimnetic withdrawal discharge, followed a unimodal trajectory with the maximum hypoxic area projected under the discharge between 3 m3/sec and 4 m3/sec. Besides, our results illustrated the extent of hypoxia was most effectively inhibited if the withdrawal strategy was applied at the end of stratification with the outlet elevation at the deepest part of the reservoir. Moreover, hypoxia can be totally avoided under a hybrid elevation withdrawal strategy using surface withdrawal during early and mid stratification, and deep withdrawal at the end of stratification. We further confirmed the decisive role of thermal structure in the formation of hypoxia under water-level reduction and withdrawal strategies. We believe the conclusions from this study can be applied to many deep waters in the temperate zone, and the results should guide stakeholders to mitigate negative impacts of hypoxia on aquatic ecosystems."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1001-0742"],"eissn":["1878-7320"]},"year":"2024","publisher":"Elsevier BV","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"DEP8022"}],"date_updated":"2024-12-11T13:49:18Z","keyword":["Hypoxia","Water-level reduction","Hypolimnetic water withdrawal","Stratification phenology","Water quality simulation","Sediment oxygen demand"],"intvolume":"       146","_id":"12215","issue":"12","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2024-12-08T19:42:28Z"}]