[{"abstract":[{"text":"The genus Borrelia comprises vector-borne bacterial pathogens that can severely affect human and animal health. Members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species complex can cause Lyme borreliosis, one of the most common vector-borne diseases in the Northern hemisphere. Besides, members of the relapsing fever group of spirochetes can cause tick-borne relapsing fever in humans and various febrile illnesses in animals in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Borrelia spp. organisms are fastidious to cultivate and to maintain in vitro, and therefore, difficult to work with in the laboratory. Currently, borrelia identification is mainly performed using PCR and DNA sequencing methods, which can be complicated/frustrating on complex DNA templates and may still be relatively expensive. Alternative techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) are not well established for Borrelia spp., although this technique is currently one of the most used techniques for rapid identification of bacteria in microbiological diagnostic laboratories. This is mainly due to unsatisfactory results obtained by use of simple sample preparation techniques and medium-contamination obscuring the mass spectra. In addition, comprehensive libraries for Borrelia spp. MALDI-TOF MS have yet to be established. In this study, we developed a new filter-based chemical extraction technique that allows measurement of high quality Borrelia spp. spectra from less than 100,000 bacteria per spot in MALDI-TOF MS. We used 49 isolates of 13 different species to produce the largest mass-library for Borrelia spp. so far and to validate the protocol. The library was successfully established and identifies >96% of used isolates correctly to species level. Cluster analysis on the sum spectra was applied to all the different isolates, which resulted in tight cluster generation for most species. Comparative analysis of the generated cluster to a phylogeny based on concatenated multi-locus sequence typing genes provided a surprising homology. Our data demonstrate that the technique described here can be used for fast and reliable species and strain typing within the borrelia complex.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","_id":"12963","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690","place":"Lausanne","type":"scientific_journal_article","intvolume":"        11","user_id":"83781","author":[{"last_name":"Neumann-Cip","full_name":"Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine","first_name":"Anna-Cathrine"},{"first_name":"Volker","full_name":"Fingerle, Volker","last_name":"Fingerle"},{"first_name":"Gabriele","last_name":"Margos","full_name":"Margos, Gabriele"},{"last_name":"Straubinger","full_name":"Straubinger, Reinhard K.","first_name":"Reinhard K."},{"first_name":"Evelyn","full_name":"Overzier, Evelyn","last_name":"Overzier"},{"id":"85847","first_name":"Sebastian","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","last_name":"Ulrich","orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537"},{"last_name":"Wieser","full_name":"Wieser, Andreas","first_name":"Andreas"}],"year":"2020","status":"public","title":"A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation","extern":"1","citation":{"din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Fingerle, Volker</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Margos, Gabriele</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Straubinger, Reinhard K.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Overzier, Evelyn</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Wieser, Andreas</span>: A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. In: <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> Bd. 11. Lausanne, Frontiers Media SA (2020)","chicago-de":"Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine, Volker Fingerle, Gabriele Margos, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Evelyn Overzier, Sebastian Ulrich und Andreas Wieser. 2020. A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> 11. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690\">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>, .","short":"A.-C. Neumann-Cip, V. Fingerle, G. Margos, R.K. Straubinger, E. Overzier, S. Ulrich, A. Wieser, Frontiers in Microbiology 11 (2020).","chicago":"Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine, Volker Fingerle, Gabriele Margos, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Evelyn Overzier, Sebastian Ulrich, and Andreas Wieser. “A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> 11 (2020). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>.","apa":"Neumann-Cip, A.-C., Fingerle, V., Margos, G., Straubinger, R. K., Overzier, E., Ulrich, S., &#38; Wieser, A. (2020). A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, <i>11</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>","ufg":"<b>Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine u. a.</b>: A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation, in: <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> 11 (2020).","mla":"Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine, et al. “A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 11, 2020, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>.","bjps":"<b>Neumann-Cip A-C <i>et al.</i></b> (2020) A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> <b>11</b>.","havard":"A.-C. Neumann-Cip, V. Fingerle, G. Margos, R.K. Straubinger, E. Overzier, S. Ulrich, A. Wieser, A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation, Frontiers in Microbiology. 11 (2020).","van":"Neumann-Cip AC, Fingerle V, Margos G, Straubinger RK, Overzier E, Ulrich S, et al. A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2020;11.","ieee":"A.-C. Neumann-Cip <i>et al.</i>, “A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation,” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 11, 2020, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690\">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>.","ama":"Neumann-Cip AC, Fingerle V, Margos G, et al. A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. 2020;11. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690\">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>"},"volume":11,"keyword":["Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato","MALDI-TOF MS","typing","sample preparation","MALDI-TOF MS library","strain typing","automatic identification"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Frontiers in Microbiology","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1664-302X"]},"date_created":"2025-06-15T10:15:09Z","date_updated":"2025-06-18T11:09:40Z"},{"publication_status":"published","abstract":[{"text":"The Bacillus (B.) cereus group consists of nine recognized species which are present worldwide. B. cereus play an important role in food-borne diseases by producing different toxins. Yet, only a small percentage of B. cereus strains are able to produce the heat stable cereulide, the causative agent of emetic food poisoning. To minimize the entry of emetic B. cereus into the food chain, food business operators are dependent on efficient and reliable methods enabling the differentiation between emetic and non-emetic strains.\r\nCurrently, only time-consuming cell bioassays, molecular methods and tandem mass spectrometry are available for this purpose. Thus, the aim of the present study was to establish a fast and reliable method for the differentiation between emetic/non-emetic strains by MALDI-TOF MS. Selected strains/isolates of the B. cereus group as well as other Bacillus spp. (total n = 121) were cultured on sheep blood agar for 48 h before analysis.\r\nSubsequently, the cultures were directly analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS without prior extraction steps. The samples were measured in the mass range of m/z 800–1800 Da. Using ClinProTools 3.0 statistical software and Flex analysis software (Bruker Daltonics GmbH, Bremen, Germany), a differentiation between emetic/non-emetic isolates was possible with a rate of correct identification of 99.1% by means of the evaluation of two specific biomarkers (m/z 1171 and 1187 Da).","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Academic Press ","type":"scientific_journal_article","intvolume":"        82","user_id":"83781","doi":"10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012","_id":"12965","place":"London","extern":"1","title":"Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS","volume":82,"citation":{"chicago-de":"Ulrich, Sebastian, Christoph Gottschalk, Richard Dietrich, Erwin Märtlbauer und Manfred Gareis. 2019. Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i> 82: 75–81. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012\">10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>, .","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gottschalk, Christoph</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Dietrich, Richard</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Märtlbauer, Erwin</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gareis, Manfred</span>: Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. In: <i>Food Microbiology</i> Bd. 82. London, Academic Press  (2019), S. 75–81","short":"S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, R. Dietrich, E. Märtlbauer, M. Gareis, Food Microbiology 82 (2019) 75–81.","bjps":"<b>Ulrich S <i>et al.</i></b> (2019) Identification of Cereulide Producing Bacillus Cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i> <b>82</b>, 75–81.","havard":"S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, R. Dietrich, E. Märtlbauer, M. Gareis, Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS, Food Microbiology. 82 (2019) 75–81.","mla":"Ulrich, Sebastian, et al. “Identification of Cereulide Producing Bacillus Cereus by MALDI-TOF MS.” <i>Food Microbiology</i>, vol. 82, 2019, pp. 75–81, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>.","ufg":"<b>Ulrich, Sebastian u. a.</b>: Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS, in: <i>Food Microbiology</i> 82 (2019),  S. 75–81.","van":"Ulrich S, Gottschalk C, Dietrich R, Märtlbauer E, Gareis M. Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. Food Microbiology. 2019;82:75–81.","chicago":"Ulrich, Sebastian, Christoph Gottschalk, Richard Dietrich, Erwin Märtlbauer, and Manfred Gareis. “Identification of Cereulide Producing Bacillus Cereus by MALDI-TOF MS.” <i>Food Microbiology</i> 82 (2019): 75–81. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>.","apa":"Ulrich, S., Gottschalk, C., Dietrich, R., Märtlbauer, E., &#38; Gareis, M. (2019). Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i>, <i>82</i>, 75–81. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>","ama":"Ulrich S, Gottschalk C, Dietrich R, Märtlbauer E, Gareis M. Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i>. 2019;82:75-81. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012\">10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>","ieee":"S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, R. Dietrich, E. Märtlbauer, and M. Gareis, “Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS,” <i>Food Microbiology</i>, vol. 82, pp. 75–81, 2019, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012\">10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>."},"year":"2019","author":[{"full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","last_name":"Ulrich","id":"85847","first_name":"Sebastian","orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537"},{"first_name":"Christoph","full_name":"Gottschalk, Christoph","last_name":"Gottschalk"},{"first_name":"Richard","full_name":"Dietrich, Richard","last_name":"Dietrich"},{"last_name":"Märtlbauer","first_name":"Erwin","full_name":"Märtlbauer, Erwin"},{"full_name":"Gareis, Manfred","first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Gareis"}],"page":"75-81","status":"public","date_created":"2025-06-15T10:18:20Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1095-9998"],"issn":["0740-0020"]},"publication":"Food Microbiology","date_updated":"2025-06-18T11:16:35Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["MALDI-TOF MS","Bacillus cereus","Cereulide","Food intoxication"]},{"place":"Basel","_id":"12971","article_number":"133","doi":"10.3390/toxins11030133","user_id":"83781","intvolume":"        11","type":"scientific_journal_article","publisher":"MDPI","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The genus Stachybotrys produces a broad diversity of secondary metabolites, including macrocyclic trichothecenes, atranones, and phenylspirodrimanes. Although the class of the phenylspirodrimanes is the major one and consists of a multitude of metabolites bearing various structural modifications, few investigations have been carried out. Thus, the presented study deals with the quantitative determination of several secondary metabolites produced by distinct Stachybotrys species for comparison of their metabolite profiles. For that purpose, 15 of the primarily produced secondary metabolites were isolated from fungal cultures and structurally characterized in order to be used as analytical standards for the development of an LC-MS/MS multimethod. The developed method was applied to the analysis of micro-scale extracts from 5 different Stachybotrys strains, which were cultured on different media. In that process, spontaneous dialdehyde/lactone isomerization was observed for some of the isolated secondary metabolites, and novel stachybotrychromenes were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The metabolite profiles of Stachybotrys species are considerably influenced by time of growth and substrate availability, as well as the individual biosynthetic potential of the respective species. Regarding the reported adverse effects associated with Stachybotrys growth in building environments, combinatory effects of the investigated secondary metabolites should be addressed and the role of the phenylspirodrimanes re-evaluated in future research.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"3","publication_status":"published","keyword":["Stachybotrys spp.","metabolite profiles","LC-MS/MS","satratoxins","phenylspirodrimanes","stachybotrychromenes","biosynthetic production"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2025-06-17T14:12:55Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2072-6651"]},"publication":"Toxins","date_created":"2025-06-15T10:23:36Z","status":"public","author":[{"first_name":"Annika","full_name":"Jagels, Annika","last_name":"Jagels"},{"first_name":"Viktoria","full_name":"Lindemann, Viktoria","last_name":"Lindemann"},{"id":"85847","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","last_name":"Ulrich","first_name":"Sebastian","orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537"},{"last_name":"Gottschalk","first_name":"Christoph","full_name":"Gottschalk, Christoph"},{"first_name":"Benedikt","full_name":"Cramer, Benedikt","last_name":"Cramer"},{"last_name":"Hübner","first_name":"Florian","full_name":"Hübner, Florian"},{"last_name":"Gareis","full_name":"Gareis, Manfred","first_name":"Manfred"},{"first_name":"Hans-Ulrich","last_name":"Humpf","full_name":"Humpf, Hans-Ulrich"}],"year":"2019","volume":11,"citation":{"short":"A. Jagels, V. Lindemann, S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, B. Cramer, F. Hübner, M. Gareis, H.-U. Humpf, Toxins 11 (2019).","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Jagels, Annika</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Lindemann, Viktoria</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gottschalk, Christoph</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Cramer, Benedikt</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Hübner, Florian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gareis, Manfred</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Humpf, Hans-Ulrich</span>: Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. In: <i>Toxins</i> Bd. 11. Basel, MDPI (2019), Nr. 3","chicago-de":"Jagels, Annika, Viktoria Lindemann, Sebastian Ulrich, Christoph Gottschalk, Benedikt Cramer, Florian Hübner, Manfred Gareis und Hans-Ulrich Humpf. 2019. Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i> 11, Nr. 3. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133\">10.3390/toxins11030133</a>, .","ieee":"A. Jagels <i>et al.</i>, “Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS,” <i>Toxins</i>, vol. 11, no. 3, Art. no. 133, 2019, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133\">10.3390/toxins11030133</a>.","apa":"Jagels, A., Lindemann, V., Ulrich, S., Gottschalk, C., Cramer, B., Hübner, F., Gareis, M., &#38; Humpf, H.-U. (2019). Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i>, <i>11</i>(3), Article 133. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133\">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133</a>","chicago":"Jagels, Annika, Viktoria Lindemann, Sebastian Ulrich, Christoph Gottschalk, Benedikt Cramer, Florian Hübner, Manfred Gareis, and Hans-Ulrich Humpf. “Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys Spp. by LC-MS/MS.” <i>Toxins</i> 11, no. 3 (2019). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133\">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133</a>.","ama":"Jagels A, Lindemann V, Ulrich S, et al. Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i>. 2019;11(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133\">10.3390/toxins11030133</a>","van":"Jagels A, Lindemann V, Ulrich S, Gottschalk C, Cramer B, Hübner F, et al. Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. Toxins. 2019;11(3).","havard":"A. Jagels, V. Lindemann, S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, B. Cramer, F. Hübner, M. Gareis, H.-U. Humpf, Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS, Toxins. 11 (2019).","bjps":"<b>Jagels A <i>et al.</i></b> (2019) Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys Spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i> <b>11</b>.","mla":"Jagels, Annika, et al. “Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys Spp. by LC-MS/MS.” <i>Toxins</i>, vol. 11, no. 3, 133, 2019, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133\">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133</a>.","ufg":"<b>Jagels, Annika u. a.</b>: Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS, in: <i>Toxins</i> 11 (2019), H. 3."},"title":"Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS","extern":"1"},{"citation":{"short":"S. Dorn-In, K. Schwaiger, C. Springer, L. Barta, S. Ulrich, M. Gareis, International Journal of Food Microbiology 286 (2018) 162–169.","chicago-de":"Dorn-In, Samart, Karin Schwaiger, Claudia Springer, Leonard Barta, Sebastian Ulrich und Manfred Gareis. 2018. Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> 286: 162–169. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020\">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>, .","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Dorn-In, Samart</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Schwaiger, Karin</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Springer, Claudia</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Barta, Leonard</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gareis, Manfred</span>: Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. In: <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> Bd. 286. Amsterdam, Elsevier  (2018), S. 162–169","ieee":"S. Dorn-In, K. Schwaiger, C. Springer, L. Barta, S. Ulrich, and M. Gareis, “Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars,” <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i>, vol. 286, pp. 162–169, 2018, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020\">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>.","apa":"Dorn-In, S., Schwaiger, K., Springer, C., Barta, L., Ulrich, S., &#38; Gareis, M. (2018). Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i>, <i>286</i>, 162–169. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>","chicago":"Dorn-In, Samart, Karin Schwaiger, Claudia Springer, Leonard Barta, Sebastian Ulrich, and Manfred Gareis. “Development of a Multiplex QPCR for the Species Identification of Clostridium Estertheticum, C. Frigoriphilum, C. Bowmanii and C. Tagluense-like from Blown Pack Spoilage (BPS) Meats and from Wild Boars.” <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> 286 (2018): 162–69. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>.","ama":"Dorn-In S, Schwaiger K, Springer C, Barta L, Ulrich S, Gareis M. Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i>. 2018;286:162-169. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020\">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>","van":"Dorn-In S, Schwaiger K, Springer C, Barta L, Ulrich S, Gareis M. Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2018;286:162–9.","mla":"Dorn-In, Samart, et al. “Development of a Multiplex QPCR for the Species Identification of Clostridium Estertheticum, C. Frigoriphilum, C. Bowmanii and C. Tagluense-like from Blown Pack Spoilage (BPS) Meats and from Wild Boars.” <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i>, vol. 286, 2018, pp. 162–69, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>.","havard":"S. Dorn-In, K. Schwaiger, C. Springer, L. Barta, S. Ulrich, M. Gareis, Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars, International Journal of Food Microbiology. 286 (2018) 162–169.","bjps":"<b>Dorn-In S <i>et al.</i></b> (2018) Development of a Multiplex QPCR for the Species Identification of Clostridium Estertheticum, C. Frigoriphilum, C. Bowmanii and C. Tagluense-like from Blown Pack Spoilage (BPS) Meats and from Wild Boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> <b>286</b>, 162–169.","ufg":"<b>Dorn-In, Samart u. a.</b>: Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars, in: <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> 286 (2018),  S. 162–169."},"volume":286,"title":"Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars","extern":"1","status":"public","page":"162-169","author":[{"full_name":"Dorn-In, Samart","last_name":"Dorn-In","first_name":"Samart"},{"first_name":"Karin","full_name":"Schwaiger, Karin","last_name":"Schwaiger"},{"first_name":"Claudia","full_name":"Springer, Claudia","last_name":"Springer"},{"last_name":"Barta","first_name":"Leonard","full_name":"Barta, Leonard"},{"first_name":"Sebastian","id":"85847","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","last_name":"Ulrich","orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537"},{"full_name":"Gareis, Manfred","last_name":"Gareis","first_name":"Manfred"}],"year":"2018","date_updated":"2025-06-18T11:27:12Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1879-3460"],"issn":["0168-1605"]},"publication":"International Journal of Food Microbiology","date_created":"2025-06-15T10:25:24Z","keyword":["Blown pack spoilage","MALDI-TOF MS","PCR","16S rRNA","C. frigoriphilum","C. tagluense-like"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","publisher":"Elsevier ","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Psychrophilic and psychrotolerant clostridia (n = 110) were isolated from vacuum-packed meat (beef and lamb), fresh venison and from skin and fecal samples of wild boars. They were identified to species level using MALDI-TOF MS, sequence and phylogeny analysis of the 16S rRNA and species specific multiplex qPCR. The results of all three methods were concordant. The majority of isolates were identified as C. tagluense-like Group I (n = 34) and Group II (n = 42). Thirty-five isolates could be identified to species level as follows: C. estertheticum (n = 15), C. frigoriphilum (n = 13), C. frigidicarnis (n = 1) and C. bowmanii (n = 5). This is the first report of detection and identification of C. frigoriphilum and C. tagluense-like Group II as causative agents of blown pack spoilage of beef. The species specific multiplex qPCR developed in this study could be applied to identify and to quantify the Clostridium species described above in suspicious meat juice samples.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"83781","intvolume":"       286","type":"scientific_journal_article","place":"Amsterdam","_id":"12973","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The consumption of edible insects (entomophagy) will gain greater significance facing the increasing global population, which is suggested to reach 9 billion people in 2050 (FAO., 2009). Due to their high amount of proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals insects represent a valuable source of essential nutrients.\r\nWhile the consumption of insects is very common in many countries of Africa and Asia, there is a far smaller acceptance for entomophagy in Western cultures. Though, products such as noodles or burger paddies made from insect meal have a better compliance and can already be purchased in some countries of the European Union. This processing step however involves the risk of adulteration, because there is no more possibility to authenticate the insects once they are ground.\r\nThe aim of this study was to investigate whether edible insects could be measured and distinguished by MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry). Therefore, different kinds of edible insects (buffalo worms, mealworms, crickets and grasshoppers) were purchased via online shops and ground subsequently. The insect powder was extracted by vigorously shaking in diluted formic acid and measured by MALDI-TOF MS. The measurement provided reproducible as well as specific mass spectra and enabled a precise differentiation of the different species."}],"issue":"6","department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","_id":"12976","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010","place":"Amsterdam","type":"scientific_journal_article","intvolume":"        76","user_id":"83781","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537","last_name":"Ulrich","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","id":"85847","first_name":"Sebastian"},{"first_name":"Ulrike","last_name":"Kühn","full_name":"Kühn, Ulrike"},{"full_name":"Biermaier, Barbara","last_name":"Biermaier","first_name":"Barbara"},{"last_name":"Piacenza","first_name":"Nicolo","full_name":"Piacenza, Nicolo"},{"full_name":"Schwaiger, Karin","first_name":"Karin","last_name":"Schwaiger"},{"first_name":"Christoph","full_name":"Gottschalk, Christoph","last_name":"Gottschalk"},{"full_name":"Gareis, Manfred","last_name":"Gareis","first_name":"Manfred"}],"year":"2017","status":"public","page":"96-101","title":"Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry","extern":"1","volume":76,"citation":{"ama":"Ulrich S, Kühn U, Biermaier B, et al. Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i>. 2017;76(6):96-101. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010\">10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>","ieee":"S. Ulrich <i>et al.</i>, “Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry,” <i>Food Control</i>, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 96–101, 2017, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010\">10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>.","bjps":"<b>Ulrich S <i>et al.</i></b> (2017) Direct Identification of Edible Insects by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i> <b>76</b>, 96–101.","mla":"Ulrich, Sebastian, et al. “Direct Identification of Edible Insects by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” <i>Food Control</i>, vol. 76, no. 6, 2017, pp. 96–101, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>.","havard":"S. Ulrich, U. Kühn, B. Biermaier, N. Piacenza, K. Schwaiger, C. Gottschalk, M. Gareis, Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, Food Control. 76 (2017) 96–101.","ufg":"<b>Ulrich, Sebastian u. a.</b>: Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, in: <i>Food Control</i> 76 (2017), H. 6,  S. 96–101.","van":"Ulrich S, Kühn U, Biermaier B, Piacenza N, Schwaiger K, Gottschalk C, et al. Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Food Control. 2017;76(6):96–101.","chicago":"Ulrich, Sebastian, Ulrike Kühn, Barbara Biermaier, Nicolo Piacenza, Karin Schwaiger, Christoph Gottschalk, and Manfred Gareis. “Direct Identification of Edible Insects by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” <i>Food Control</i> 76, no. 6 (2017): 96–101. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>.","apa":"Ulrich, S., Kühn, U., Biermaier, B., Piacenza, N., Schwaiger, K., Gottschalk, C., &#38; Gareis, M. (2017). Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i>, <i>76</i>(6), 96–101. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>","chicago-de":"Ulrich, Sebastian, Ulrike Kühn, Barbara Biermaier, Nicolo Piacenza, Karin Schwaiger, Christoph Gottschalk und Manfred Gareis. 2017. Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i> 76, Nr. 6: 96–101. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010\">10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>, .","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kühn, Ulrike</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Biermaier, Barbara</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Piacenza, Nicolo</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Schwaiger, Karin</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gottschalk, Christoph</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Gareis, Manfred</span>: Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In: <i>Food Control</i> Bd. 76. Amsterdam, Elsevier (2017), Nr. 6, S. 96–101","short":"S. Ulrich, U. Kühn, B. Biermaier, N. Piacenza, K. Schwaiger, C. Gottschalk, M. Gareis, Food Control 76 (2017) 96–101."},"keyword":["MALDI-TOF MS","Mass spectrometry","Edible insects","Authenticity","Food quality"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Food Control","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0956-7135"]},"date_created":"2025-06-15T10:31:37Z","date_updated":"2025-06-18T12:08:47Z"},{"extern":"1","title":"Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry","citation":{"mla":"Ulrich, Sebastian, et al. “Identification of Stachybotrys Spp. by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” <i>  Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica</i>, vol. 408, no. 27, 2016, pp. 7565–81, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>.","havard":"S. Ulrich, B. Biermaier, O. Bader, G. Wolf, R.K. Straubinger, A. Didier, B. Sperner, K. Schwaiger, M. Gareis, C. Gottschalk, Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry,   Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica. 408 (2016) 7565–7581.","bjps":"<b>Ulrich S <i>et al.</i></b> (2016) Identification of Stachybotrys Spp. by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i> <b>408</b>, 7565–7581.","ufg":"<b>Ulrich, Sebastian u. a.</b>: Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, in: <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i> 408 (2016), H. 27,  S. 7565–7581.","ama":"Ulrich S, Biermaier B, Bader O, et al. Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>. 2016;408(27):7565-7581. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9\">10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>","van":"Ulrich S, Biermaier B, Bader O, Wolf G, Straubinger RK, Didier A, et al. Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.   Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica. 2016;408(27):7565–81.","chicago":"Ulrich, Sebastian, Barbara Biermaier, Oliver Bader, Georg Wolf, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Andrea Didier, Brigitte Sperner, Karin Schwaiger, Manfred Gareis, and Christoph Gottschalk. “Identification of Stachybotrys Spp. by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” <i>  Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica</i> 408, no. 27 (2016): 7565–81. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>.","ieee":"S. Ulrich <i>et al.</i>, “Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry,” <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>, vol. 408, no. 27, pp. 7565–7581, 2016, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9\">10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>.","apa":"Ulrich, S., Biermaier, B., Bader, O., Wolf, G., Straubinger, R. K., Didier, A., Sperner, B., Schwaiger, K., Gareis, M., &#38; Gottschalk, C. (2016). Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica</i>, <i>408</i>(27), 7565–7581. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\"><span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Biermaier, Barbara</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Bader, Oliver</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Wolf, Georg</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Straubinger, Reinhard K.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Didier, Andrea</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Sperner, Brigitte</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Schwaiger, Karin</span> ; u. a.</span>: Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In: <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i> Bd. 408. Berlin ; Heidelberg, Springer (2016), Nr. 27, S. 7565–7581","chicago-de":"Ulrich, Sebastian, Barbara Biermaier, Oliver Bader, Georg Wolf, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Andrea Didier, Brigitte Sperner, Karin Schwaiger, Manfred Gareis und Christoph Gottschalk. 2016. Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i> 408, Nr. 27: 7565–7581. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9\">10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>, .","short":"S. Ulrich, B. Biermaier, O. Bader, G. Wolf, R.K. Straubinger, A. Didier, B. Sperner, K. Schwaiger, M. Gareis, C. Gottschalk,   Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica 408 (2016) 7565–7581."},"volume":408,"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537","id":"85847","last_name":"Ulrich","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","first_name":"Sebastian"},{"full_name":"Biermaier, Barbara","last_name":"Biermaier","first_name":"Barbara"},{"first_name":"Oliver","full_name":"Bader, Oliver","last_name":"Bader"},{"last_name":"Wolf","first_name":"Georg","full_name":"Wolf, Georg"},{"first_name":"Reinhard K.","last_name":"Straubinger","full_name":"Straubinger, Reinhard K."},{"last_name":"Didier","first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Didier, Andrea"},{"last_name":"Sperner","first_name":"Brigitte","full_name":"Sperner, Brigitte"},{"full_name":"Schwaiger, Karin","first_name":"Karin","last_name":"Schwaiger"},{"full_name":"Gareis, Manfred","first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Gareis"},{"first_name":"Christoph","full_name":"Gottschalk, Christoph","last_name":"Gottschalk"}],"year":"2016","page":"7565-7581","status":"public","date_created":"2025-06-15T10:32:52Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1618-2650"],"issn":["1618-2642"]},"publication":"  Analytical & bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica","date_updated":"2025-06-18T12:11:46Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Stachybotrys spp","MALDI-TOF MS","Mass spectrometry","Filamentous fungi"],"publication_status":"published","issue":"27","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Stachybotrys (S.) spp. are omnipresent cellulolytic molds. Some species are highly toxic owing to their ability to synthesize various secondary metabolites such as macrocyclic trichothecenes or hemolysins. The reliable identification of Stachybotrys at species level is currently limited to genome-based identification. This study aimed to establish a fast and reliable MALDI-TOF MS identification method by optimizing the pre-analytical steps for protein extraction for subsequent generation of high-quality fingerprint mass spectra. Eight reference strains of the American Type Culture Collection and the Technical University of Denmark were cultivated in triplicate (biological repetitions) for 2 days in malt extract broth. The mycelia (1.5 ml) were first washed with 75 % ethanol and an additional washing step with dimethyl sulfoxide (10 %) was added to remove unspecific low weight masses. Furthermore, mycelia were broken with roughened glass beads in formic acid (70 %) and acetonitrile. The method was successfully applied to a total of 45 isolates of Stachybotrys originating from three different habitats (indoor, feed, and food samples; n = 15 each): Twenty-seven isolates of S. chartarum and 18 isolates of S. chlorohalonata could be identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The data obtained exactly matched those obtained by genome-based identification. The mean score values for S. chartarum ranged from 2.509 to 2.739 and from 2.148 to 2.622 for S. chlorohalonata with a very good reproducibility: the relative standard deviations were between 0.3 % and 6.8 %. Thus, MALDI-TOF MS proved to be a fast and reliable alternative to identification of Stachybotrys spp. by nucleotide amplification and sequencing."}],"department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"Springer","type":"scientific_journal_article","intvolume":"       408","user_id":"83781","doi":"10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9","_id":"12977","place":"Berlin ; Heidelberg"}]