---
_id: '12963'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The genus Borrelia comprises vector-borne bacterial pathogens that can severely
    affect human and animal health. Members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
    species complex can cause Lyme borreliosis, one of the most common vector-borne
    diseases in the Northern hemisphere. Besides, members of the relapsing fever group
    of spirochetes can cause tick-borne relapsing fever in humans and various febrile
    illnesses in animals in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Borrelia
    spp. organisms are fastidious to cultivate and to maintain in vitro, and therefore,
    difficult to work with in the laboratory. Currently, borrelia identification is
    mainly performed using PCR and DNA sequencing methods, which can be complicated/frustrating
    on complex DNA templates and may still be relatively expensive. Alternative techniques
    such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
    (MALDI-TOF MS) are not well established for Borrelia spp., although this technique
    is currently one of the most used techniques for rapid identification of bacteria
    in microbiological diagnostic laboratories. This is mainly due to unsatisfactory
    results obtained by use of simple sample preparation techniques and medium-contamination
    obscuring the mass spectra. In addition, comprehensive libraries for Borrelia
    spp. MALDI-TOF MS have yet to be established. In this study, we developed a new
    filter-based chemical extraction technique that allows measurement of high quality
    Borrelia spp. spectra from less than 100,000 bacteria per spot in MALDI-TOF MS.
    We used 49 isolates of 13 different species to produce the largest mass-library
    for Borrelia spp. so far and to validate the protocol. The library was successfully
    established and identifies >96% of used isolates correctly to species level. Cluster
    analysis on the sum spectra was applied to all the different isolates, which resulted
    in tight cluster generation for most species. Comparative analysis of the generated
    cluster to a phylogeny based on concatenated multi-locus sequence typing genes
    provided a surprising homology. Our data demonstrate that the technique described
    here can be used for fast and reliable species and strain typing within the borrelia
    complex.
author:
- first_name: Anna-Cathrine
  full_name: Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine
  last_name: Neumann-Cip
- first_name: Volker
  full_name: Fingerle, Volker
  last_name: Fingerle
- first_name: Gabriele
  full_name: Margos, Gabriele
  last_name: Margos
- first_name: Reinhard K.
  full_name: Straubinger, Reinhard K.
  last_name: Straubinger
- first_name: Evelyn
  full_name: Overzier, Evelyn
  last_name: Overzier
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Wieser, Andreas
  last_name: Wieser
citation:
  ama: Neumann-Cip AC, Fingerle V, Margos G, et al. A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation
    Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate
    Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. 2020;11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>
  apa: Neumann-Cip, A.-C., Fingerle, V., Margos, G., Straubinger, R. K., Overzier,
    E., Ulrich, S., &#38; Wieser, A. (2020). A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method
    for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation.
    <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, <i>11</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>
  bjps: <b>Neumann-Cip A-C <i>et al.</i></b> (2020) A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation
    Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate
    Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> <b>11</b>.
  chicago: Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine, Volker Fingerle, Gabriele Margos, Reinhard
    K. Straubinger, Evelyn Overzier, Sebastian Ulrich, and Andreas Wieser. “A Novel
    Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia Burgdorferi
    Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>
    11 (2020). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>.
  chicago-de: Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine, Volker Fingerle, Gabriele Margos, Reinhard
    K. Straubinger, Evelyn Overzier, Sebastian Ulrich und Andreas Wieser. 2020. A
    Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi
    Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>
    11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>,
    .
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fingerle, Volker</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Margos,
    Gabriele</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Straubinger, Reinhard
    K.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Overzier, Evelyn</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wieser,
    Andreas</span>: A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits
    Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. In: <i>Frontiers
    in Microbiology</i> Bd. 11. Lausanne, Frontiers Media SA (2020)'
  havard: A.-C. Neumann-Cip, V. Fingerle, G. Margos, R.K. Straubinger, E. Overzier,
    S. Ulrich, A. Wieser, A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS
    Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation, Frontiers
    in Microbiology. 11 (2020).
  ieee: 'A.-C. Neumann-Cip <i>et al.</i>, “A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method
    for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation,”
    <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 11, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>.'
  mla: Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine, et al. “A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method
    for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation.”
    <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 11, 2020, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690</a>.
  short: A.-C. Neumann-Cip, V. Fingerle, G. Margos, R.K. Straubinger, E. Overzier,
    S. Ulrich, A. Wieser, Frontiers in Microbiology 11 (2020).
  ufg: '<b>Neumann-Cip, Anna-Cathrine u. a.</b>: A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation
    Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate
    Differentiation, in: <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i> 11 (2020).'
  van: Neumann-Cip AC, Fingerle V, Margos G, Straubinger RK, Overzier E, Ulrich S,
    et al. A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia
    burgdorferi Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation. Frontiers in Microbiology.
    2020;11.
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:15:09Z
date_updated: 2025-06-18T11:09:40Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00690
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
keyword:
- Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
- MALDI-TOF MS
- typing
- sample preparation
- MALDI-TOF MS library
- strain typing
- automatic identification
language:
- iso: eng
place: Lausanne
publication: Frontiers in Microbiology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1664-302X
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A Novel Rapid Sample Preparation Method for MALDI-TOF MS Permits Borrelia burgdorferi
  Sensu Lato Species and Isolate Differentiation
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 11
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '12965'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The Bacillus (B.) cereus group consists of nine recognized species which
    are present worldwide. B. cereus play an important role in food-borne diseases
    by producing different toxins. Yet, only a small percentage of B. cereus strains
    are able to produce the heat stable cereulide, the causative agent of emetic food
    poisoning. To minimize the entry of emetic B. cereus into the food chain, food
    business operators are dependent on efficient and reliable methods enabling the
    differentiation between emetic and non-emetic strains.\r\nCurrently, only time-consuming
    cell bioassays, molecular methods and tandem mass spectrometry are available for
    this purpose. Thus, the aim of the present study was to establish a fast and reliable
    method for the differentiation between emetic/non-emetic strains by MALDI-TOF
    MS. Selected strains/isolates of the B. cereus group as well as other Bacillus
    spp. (total n = 121) were cultured on sheep blood agar for 48 h before analysis.\r\nSubsequently,
    the cultures were directly analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS without prior extraction steps.
    The samples were measured in the mass range of m/z 800–1800 Da. Using ClinProTools
    3.0 statistical software and Flex analysis software (Bruker Daltonics GmbH, Bremen,
    Germany), a differentiation between emetic/non-emetic isolates was possible with
    a rate of correct identification of 99.1% by means of the evaluation of two specific
    biomarkers (m/z 1171 and 1187 Da)."
author:
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Gottschalk, Christoph
  last_name: Gottschalk
- first_name: Richard
  full_name: Dietrich, Richard
  last_name: Dietrich
- first_name: Erwin
  full_name: Märtlbauer, Erwin
  last_name: Märtlbauer
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Gareis, Manfred
  last_name: Gareis
citation:
  ama: Ulrich S, Gottschalk C, Dietrich R, Märtlbauer E, Gareis M. Identification
    of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i>.
    2019;82:75-81. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012">10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>
  apa: Ulrich, S., Gottschalk, C., Dietrich, R., Märtlbauer, E., &#38; Gareis, M.
    (2019). Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS.
    <i>Food Microbiology</i>, <i>82</i>, 75–81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>
  bjps: <b>Ulrich S <i>et al.</i></b> (2019) Identification of Cereulide Producing
    Bacillus Cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i> <b>82</b>, 75–81.
  chicago: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, Christoph Gottschalk, Richard Dietrich, Erwin Märtlbauer,
    and Manfred Gareis. “Identification of Cereulide Producing Bacillus Cereus by
    MALDI-TOF MS.” <i>Food Microbiology</i> 82 (2019): 75–81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, Christoph Gottschalk, Richard Dietrich, Erwin Märtlbauer
    und Manfred Gareis. 2019. Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus
    by MALDI-TOF MS. <i>Food Microbiology</i> 82: 75–81. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012">10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gottschalk, Christoph</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dietrich,
    Richard</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Märtlbauer, Erwin</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gareis, Manfred</span>: Identification
    of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. In: <i>Food Microbiology</i>
    Bd. 82. London, Academic Press  (2019), S. 75–81'
  havard: S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, R. Dietrich, E. Märtlbauer, M. Gareis, Identification
    of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS, Food Microbiology. 82
    (2019) 75–81.
  ieee: 'S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, R. Dietrich, E. Märtlbauer, and M. Gareis, “Identification
    of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS,” <i>Food Microbiology</i>,
    vol. 82, pp. 75–81, 2019, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012">10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>.'
  mla: Ulrich, Sebastian, et al. “Identification of Cereulide Producing Bacillus Cereus
    by MALDI-TOF MS.” <i>Food Microbiology</i>, vol. 82, 2019, pp. 75–81, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012</a>.
  short: S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, R. Dietrich, E. Märtlbauer, M. Gareis, Food Microbiology
    82 (2019) 75–81.
  ufg: '<b>Ulrich, Sebastian u. a.</b>: Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus
    cereus by MALDI-TOF MS, in: <i>Food Microbiology</i> 82 (2019),  S. 75–81.'
  van: Ulrich S, Gottschalk C, Dietrich R, Märtlbauer E, Gareis M. Identification
    of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS. Food Microbiology. 2019;82:75–81.
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:18:20Z
date_updated: 2025-06-18T11:16:35Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.012
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        82'
keyword:
- MALDI-TOF MS
- Bacillus cereus
- Cereulide
- Food intoxication
language:
- iso: eng
page: 75-81
place: London
publication: Food Microbiology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1095-9998
  issn:
  - 0740-0020
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Academic Press '
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Identification of cereulide producing Bacillus cereus by MALDI-TOF MS
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 82
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '12971'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The genus Stachybotrys produces a broad diversity of secondary metabolites,
    including macrocyclic trichothecenes, atranones, and phenylspirodrimanes. Although
    the class of the phenylspirodrimanes is the major one and consists of a multitude
    of metabolites bearing various structural modifications, few investigations have
    been carried out. Thus, the presented study deals with the quantitative determination
    of several secondary metabolites produced by distinct Stachybotrys species for
    comparison of their metabolite profiles. For that purpose, 15 of the primarily
    produced secondary metabolites were isolated from fungal cultures and structurally
    characterized in order to be used as analytical standards for the development
    of an LC-MS/MS multimethod. The developed method was applied to the analysis of
    micro-scale extracts from 5 different Stachybotrys strains, which were cultured
    on different media. In that process, spontaneous dialdehyde/lactone isomerization
    was observed for some of the isolated secondary metabolites, and novel stachybotrychromenes
    were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The metabolite profiles of
    Stachybotrys species are considerably influenced by time of growth and substrate
    availability, as well as the individual biosynthetic potential of the respective
    species. Regarding the reported adverse effects associated with Stachybotrys growth
    in building environments, combinatory effects of the investigated secondary metabolites
    should be addressed and the role of the phenylspirodrimanes re-evaluated in future
    research.
article_number: '133'
author:
- first_name: Annika
  full_name: Jagels, Annika
  last_name: Jagels
- first_name: Viktoria
  full_name: Lindemann, Viktoria
  last_name: Lindemann
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Gottschalk, Christoph
  last_name: Gottschalk
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Cramer, Benedikt
  last_name: Cramer
- first_name: Florian
  full_name: Hübner, Florian
  last_name: Hübner
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Gareis, Manfred
  last_name: Gareis
- first_name: Hans-Ulrich
  full_name: Humpf, Hans-Ulrich
  last_name: Humpf
citation:
  ama: Jagels A, Lindemann V, Ulrich S, et al. Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles
    of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i>. 2019;11(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133">10.3390/toxins11030133</a>
  apa: Jagels, A., Lindemann, V., Ulrich, S., Gottschalk, C., Cramer, B., Hübner,
    F., Gareis, M., &#38; Humpf, H.-U. (2019). Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles
    of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i>, <i>11</i>(3), Article 133. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133</a>
  bjps: <b>Jagels A <i>et al.</i></b> (2019) Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles
    of Stachybotrys Spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i> <b>11</b>.
  chicago: Jagels, Annika, Viktoria Lindemann, Sebastian Ulrich, Christoph Gottschalk,
    Benedikt Cramer, Florian Hübner, Manfred Gareis, and Hans-Ulrich Humpf. “Exploring
    Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys Spp. by LC-MS/MS.” <i>Toxins</i>
    11, no. 3 (2019). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133</a>.
  chicago-de: Jagels, Annika, Viktoria Lindemann, Sebastian Ulrich, Christoph Gottschalk,
    Benedikt Cramer, Florian Hübner, Manfred Gareis und Hans-Ulrich Humpf. 2019. Exploring
    Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. <i>Toxins</i>
    11, Nr. 3. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133">10.3390/toxins11030133</a>,
    .
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Jagels, Annika</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Lindemann, Viktoria</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich,
    Sebastian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gottschalk, Christoph</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cramer, Benedikt</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hübner,
    Florian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gareis, Manfred</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Humpf, Hans-Ulrich</span>: Exploring
    Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. In: <i>Toxins</i>
    Bd. 11. Basel, MDPI (2019), Nr. 3'
  havard: A. Jagels, V. Lindemann, S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, B. Cramer, F. Hübner,
    M. Gareis, H.-U. Humpf, Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys
    spp. by LC-MS/MS, Toxins. 11 (2019).
  ieee: 'A. Jagels <i>et al.</i>, “Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys
    spp. by LC-MS/MS,” <i>Toxins</i>, vol. 11, no. 3, Art. no. 133, 2019, doi: <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133">10.3390/toxins11030133</a>.'
  mla: Jagels, Annika, et al. “Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys
    Spp. by LC-MS/MS.” <i>Toxins</i>, vol. 11, no. 3, 133, 2019, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030133</a>.
  short: A. Jagels, V. Lindemann, S. Ulrich, C. Gottschalk, B. Cramer, F. Hübner,
    M. Gareis, H.-U. Humpf, Toxins 11 (2019).
  ufg: '<b>Jagels, Annika u. a.</b>: Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys
    spp. by LC-MS/MS, in: <i>Toxins</i> 11 (2019), H. 3.'
  van: Jagels A, Lindemann V, Ulrich S, Gottschalk C, Cramer B, Hübner F, et al. Exploring
    Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS. Toxins. 2019;11(3).
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:23:36Z
date_updated: 2025-06-17T14:12:55Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.3390/toxins11030133
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Stachybotrys spp.
- metabolite profiles
- LC-MS/MS
- satratoxins
- phenylspirodrimanes
- stachybotrychromenes
- biosynthetic production
language:
- iso: eng
place: Basel
publication: Toxins
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2072-6651
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 11
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '12973'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Psychrophilic and psychrotolerant clostridia (n = 110) were isolated from
    vacuum-packed meat (beef and lamb), fresh venison and from skin and fecal samples
    of wild boars. They were identified to species level using MALDI-TOF MS, sequence
    and phylogeny analysis of the 16S rRNA and species specific multiplex qPCR. The
    results of all three methods were concordant. The majority of isolates were identified
    as C. tagluense-like Group I (n = 34) and Group II (n = 42). Thirty-five isolates
    could be identified to species level as follows: C. estertheticum (n = 15), C.
    frigoriphilum (n = 13), C. frigidicarnis (n = 1) and C. bowmanii (n = 5). This
    is the first report of detection and identification of C. frigoriphilum and C.
    tagluense-like Group II as causative agents of blown pack spoilage of beef. The
    species specific multiplex qPCR developed in this study could be applied to identify
    and to quantify the Clostridium species described above in suspicious meat juice
    samples.'
author:
- first_name: Samart
  full_name: Dorn-In, Samart
  last_name: Dorn-In
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Schwaiger, Karin
  last_name: Schwaiger
- first_name: Claudia
  full_name: Springer, Claudia
  last_name: Springer
- first_name: Leonard
  full_name: Barta, Leonard
  last_name: Barta
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Gareis, Manfred
  last_name: Gareis
citation:
  ama: Dorn-In S, Schwaiger K, Springer C, Barta L, Ulrich S, Gareis M. Development
    of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum,
    C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS)
    meats and from wild boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i>.
    2018;286:162-169. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>
  apa: Dorn-In, S., Schwaiger, K., Springer, C., Barta, L., Ulrich, S., &#38; Gareis,
    M. (2018). Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium
    estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown
    pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. <i>International Journal of Food
    Microbiology</i>, <i>286</i>, 162–169. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>
  bjps: <b>Dorn-In S <i>et al.</i></b> (2018) Development of a Multiplex QPCR for
    the Species Identification of Clostridium Estertheticum, C. Frigoriphilum, C.
    Bowmanii and C. Tagluense-like from Blown Pack Spoilage (BPS) Meats and from Wild
    Boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> <b>286</b>, 162–169.
  chicago: 'Dorn-In, Samart, Karin Schwaiger, Claudia Springer, Leonard Barta, Sebastian
    Ulrich, and Manfred Gareis. “Development of a Multiplex QPCR for the Species Identification
    of Clostridium Estertheticum, C. Frigoriphilum, C. Bowmanii and C. Tagluense-like
    from Blown Pack Spoilage (BPS) Meats and from Wild Boars.” <i>International Journal
    of Food Microbiology</i> 286 (2018): 162–69. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Dorn-In, Samart, Karin Schwaiger, Claudia Springer, Leonard Barta,
    Sebastian Ulrich und Manfred Gareis. 2018. Development of a multiplex qPCR for
    the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C.
    bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild
    boars. <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> 286: 162–169. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dorn-In, Samart</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schwaiger, Karin</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Springer,
    Claudia</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Barta, Leonard</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gareis,
    Manfred</span>: Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification
    of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like
    from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars. In: <i>International
    Journal of Food Microbiology</i> Bd. 286. Amsterdam, Elsevier  (2018), S. 162–169'
  havard: S. Dorn-In, K. Schwaiger, C. Springer, L. Barta, S. Ulrich, M. Gareis, Development
    of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum,
    C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS)
    meats and from wild boars, International Journal of Food Microbiology. 286 (2018)
    162–169.
  ieee: 'S. Dorn-In, K. Schwaiger, C. Springer, L. Barta, S. Ulrich, and M. Gareis,
    “Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium
    estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown
    pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars,” <i>International Journal of Food
    Microbiology</i>, vol. 286, pp. 162–169, 2018, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020">10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>.'
  mla: Dorn-In, Samart, et al. “Development of a Multiplex QPCR for the Species Identification
    of Clostridium Estertheticum, C. Frigoriphilum, C. Bowmanii and C. Tagluense-like
    from Blown Pack Spoilage (BPS) Meats and from Wild Boars.” <i>International Journal
    of Food Microbiology</i>, vol. 286, 2018, pp. 162–69, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020</a>.
  short: S. Dorn-In, K. Schwaiger, C. Springer, L. Barta, S. Ulrich, M. Gareis, International
    Journal of Food Microbiology 286 (2018) 162–169.
  ufg: '<b>Dorn-In, Samart u. a.</b>: Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species
    identification of Clostridium estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and
    C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars, in:
    <i>International Journal of Food Microbiology</i> 286 (2018),  S. 162–169.'
  van: Dorn-In S, Schwaiger K, Springer C, Barta L, Ulrich S, Gareis M. Development
    of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium estertheticum,
    C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack spoilage (BPS)
    meats and from wild boars. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 2018;286:162–9.
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:25:24Z
date_updated: 2025-06-18T11:27:12Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.08.020
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       286'
keyword:
- Blown pack spoilage
- MALDI-TOF MS
- PCR
- 16S rRNA
- C. frigoriphilum
- C. tagluense-like
language:
- iso: eng
page: 162-169
place: Amsterdam
publication: International Journal of Food Microbiology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1879-3460
  issn:
  - 0168-1605
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Elsevier '
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Development of a multiplex qPCR for the species identification of Clostridium
  estertheticum, C. frigoriphilum, C. bowmanii and C. tagluense-like from blown pack
  spoilage (BPS) meats and from wild boars
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 286
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '12976'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The consumption of edible insects (entomophagy) will gain greater significance
    facing the increasing global population, which is suggested to reach 9 billion
    people in 2050 (FAO., 2009). Due to their high amount of proteins, fatty acids,
    vitamins, and minerals insects represent a valuable source of essential nutrients.\r\nWhile
    the consumption of insects is very common in many countries of Africa and Asia,
    there is a far smaller acceptance for entomophagy in Western cultures. Though,
    products such as noodles or burger paddies made from insect meal have a better
    compliance and can already be purchased in some countries of the European Union.
    This processing step however involves the risk of adulteration, because there
    is no more possibility to authenticate the insects once they are ground.\r\nThe
    aim of this study was to investigate whether edible insects could be measured
    and distinguished by MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time
    of flight mass spectrometry). Therefore, different kinds of edible insects (buffalo
    worms, mealworms, crickets and grasshoppers) were purchased via online shops and
    ground subsequently. The insect powder was extracted by vigorously shaking in
    diluted formic acid and measured by MALDI-TOF MS. The measurement provided reproducible
    as well as specific mass spectra and enabled a precise differentiation of the
    different species."
author:
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Ulrike
  full_name: Kühn, Ulrike
  last_name: Kühn
- first_name: Barbara
  full_name: Biermaier, Barbara
  last_name: Biermaier
- first_name: Nicolo
  full_name: Piacenza, Nicolo
  last_name: Piacenza
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Schwaiger, Karin
  last_name: Schwaiger
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Gottschalk, Christoph
  last_name: Gottschalk
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Gareis, Manfred
  last_name: Gareis
citation:
  ama: Ulrich S, Kühn U, Biermaier B, et al. Direct identification of edible insects
    by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i>. 2017;76(6):96-101. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010">10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>
  apa: Ulrich, S., Kühn, U., Biermaier, B., Piacenza, N., Schwaiger, K., Gottschalk,
    C., &#38; Gareis, M. (2017). Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF
    mass spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i>, <i>76</i>(6), 96–101. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>
  bjps: <b>Ulrich S <i>et al.</i></b> (2017) Direct Identification of Edible Insects
    by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i> <b>76</b>, 96–101.
  chicago: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, Ulrike Kühn, Barbara Biermaier, Nicolo Piacenza, Karin
    Schwaiger, Christoph Gottschalk, and Manfred Gareis. “Direct Identification of
    Edible Insects by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” <i>Food Control</i> 76, no. 6
    (2017): 96–101. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, Ulrike Kühn, Barbara Biermaier, Nicolo Piacenza,
    Karin Schwaiger, Christoph Gottschalk und Manfred Gareis. 2017. Direct identification
    of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>Food Control</i> 76, Nr.
    6: 96–101. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010">10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kühn, Ulrike</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Biermaier,
    Barbara</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Piacenza, Nicolo</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schwaiger, Karin</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gottschalk,
    Christoph</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gareis, Manfred</span>:
    Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. In: <i>Food
    Control</i> Bd. 76. Amsterdam, Elsevier (2017), Nr. 6, S. 96–101'
  havard: S. Ulrich, U. Kühn, B. Biermaier, N. Piacenza, K. Schwaiger, C. Gottschalk,
    M. Gareis, Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry,
    Food Control. 76 (2017) 96–101.
  ieee: 'S. Ulrich <i>et al.</i>, “Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF
    mass spectrometry,” <i>Food Control</i>, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 96–101, 2017, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010">10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>.'
  mla: Ulrich, Sebastian, et al. “Direct Identification of Edible Insects by MALDI-TOF
    Mass Spectrometry.” <i>Food Control</i>, vol. 76, no. 6, 2017, pp. 96–101, <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010</a>.
  short: S. Ulrich, U. Kühn, B. Biermaier, N. Piacenza, K. Schwaiger, C. Gottschalk,
    M. Gareis, Food Control 76 (2017) 96–101.
  ufg: '<b>Ulrich, Sebastian u. a.</b>: Direct identification of edible insects by
    MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, in: <i>Food Control</i> 76 (2017), H. 6,  S. 96–101.'
  van: Ulrich S, Kühn U, Biermaier B, Piacenza N, Schwaiger K, Gottschalk C, et al.
    Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Food Control.
    2017;76(6):96–101.
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:31:37Z
date_updated: 2025-06-18T12:08:47Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.01.010
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        76'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- MALDI-TOF MS
- Mass spectrometry
- Edible insects
- Authenticity
- Food quality
language:
- iso: eng
page: 96-101
place: Amsterdam
publication: Food Control
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0956-7135
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Direct identification of edible insects by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 76
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '12977'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Stachybotrys (S.) spp. are omnipresent cellulolytic molds. Some species are
    highly toxic owing to their ability to synthesize various secondary metabolites
    such as macrocyclic trichothecenes or hemolysins. The reliable identification
    of Stachybotrys at species level is currently limited to genome-based identification.
    This study aimed to establish a fast and reliable MALDI-TOF MS identification
    method by optimizing the pre-analytical steps for protein extraction for subsequent
    generation of high-quality fingerprint mass spectra. Eight reference strains of
    the American Type Culture Collection and the Technical University of Denmark were
    cultivated in triplicate (biological repetitions) for 2 days in malt extract broth.
    The mycelia (1.5 ml) were first washed with 75 % ethanol and an additional washing
    step with dimethyl sulfoxide (10 %) was added to remove unspecific low weight
    masses. Furthermore, mycelia were broken with roughened glass beads in formic
    acid (70 %) and acetonitrile. The method was successfully applied to a total of
    45 isolates of Stachybotrys originating from three different habitats (indoor,
    feed, and food samples; n = 15 each): Twenty-seven isolates of S. chartarum and
    18 isolates of S. chlorohalonata could be identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The data
    obtained exactly matched those obtained by genome-based identification. The mean
    score values for S. chartarum ranged from 2.509 to 2.739 and from 2.148 to 2.622
    for S. chlorohalonata with a very good reproducibility: the relative standard
    deviations were between 0.3 % and 6.8 %. Thus, MALDI-TOF MS proved to be a fast
    and reliable alternative to identification of Stachybotrys spp. by nucleotide
    amplification and sequencing.'
author:
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Barbara
  full_name: Biermaier, Barbara
  last_name: Biermaier
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Bader, Oliver
  last_name: Bader
- first_name: Georg
  full_name: Wolf, Georg
  last_name: Wolf
- first_name: Reinhard K.
  full_name: Straubinger, Reinhard K.
  last_name: Straubinger
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Didier, Andrea
  last_name: Didier
- first_name: Brigitte
  full_name: Sperner, Brigitte
  last_name: Sperner
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Schwaiger, Karin
  last_name: Schwaiger
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Gareis, Manfred
  last_name: Gareis
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Gottschalk, Christoph
  last_name: Gottschalk
citation:
  ama: 'Ulrich S, Biermaier B, Bader O, et al. Identification of Stachybotrys spp.
    by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry :
    a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>.
    2016;408(27):7565-7581. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9">10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>'
  apa: 'Ulrich, S., Biermaier, B., Bader, O., Wolf, G., Straubinger, R. K., Didier,
    A., Sperner, B., Schwaiger, K., Gareis, M., &#38; Gottschalk, C. (2016). Identification
    of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical
    Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and
    Quimica Analitica</i>, <i>408</i>(27), 7565–7581. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Ulrich S <i>et al.</i></b> (2016) Identification of Stachybotrys Spp.
    by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry :
    a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>
    <b>408</b>, 7565–7581.'
  chicago: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, Barbara Biermaier, Oliver Bader, Georg Wolf, Reinhard
    K. Straubinger, Andrea Didier, Brigitte Sperner, Karin Schwaiger, Manfred Gareis,
    and Christoph Gottschalk. “Identification of Stachybotrys Spp. by MALDI-TOF Mass
    Spectrometry.” <i>  Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’
    Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica</i> 408, no. 27
    (2016): 7565–81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, Barbara Biermaier, Oliver Bader, Georg Wolf, Reinhard
    K. Straubinger, Andrea Didier, Brigitte Sperner, Karin Schwaiger, Manfred Gareis
    und Christoph Gottschalk. 2016. Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF
    mass spectrometry. <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of
    Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>
    408, Nr. 27: 7565–7581. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9">10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich,
    Sebastian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Biermaier, Barbara</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bader, Oliver</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wolf,
    Georg</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Straubinger, Reinhard K.</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Didier, Andrea</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Sperner,
    Brigitte</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schwaiger, Karin</span>
    ; u. a.</span>: Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
    In: <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal
    of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i> Bd. 408. Berlin ;
    Heidelberg, Springer (2016), Nr. 27, S. 7565–7581'
  havard: 'S. Ulrich, B. Biermaier, O. Bader, G. Wolf, R.K. Straubinger, A. Didier,
    B. Sperner, K. Schwaiger, M. Gareis, C. Gottschalk, Identification of Stachybotrys
    spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry,   Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry :
    A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica.
    408 (2016) 7565–7581.'
  ieee: 'S. Ulrich <i>et al.</i>, “Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF
    mass spectrometry,” <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of
    Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>,
    vol. 408, no. 27, pp. 7565–7581, 2016, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9">10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>.'
  mla: 'Ulrich, Sebastian, et al. “Identification of Stachybotrys Spp. by MALDI-TOF
    Mass Spectrometry.” <i>  Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical Chemistry : A Merger of
    Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and Quimica Analitica</i>,
    vol. 408, no. 27, 2016, pp. 7565–81, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9</a>.'
  short: 'S. Ulrich, B. Biermaier, O. Bader, G. Wolf, R.K. Straubinger, A. Didier,
    B. Sperner, K. Schwaiger, M. Gareis, C. Gottschalk,   Analytical &#38; Bioanalytical
    Chemistry : A Merger of Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Analusis and
    Quimica Analitica 408 (2016) 7565–7581.'
  ufg: '<b>Ulrich, Sebastian u. a.</b>: Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF
    mass spectrometry, in: <i>  Analytical &#38; bioanalytical chemistry : a merger
    of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica</i>
    408 (2016), H. 27,  S. 7565–7581.'
  van: 'Ulrich S, Biermaier B, Bader O, Wolf G, Straubinger RK, Didier A, et al. Identification
    of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.   Analytical &#38; bioanalytical
    chemistry : a merger of Fresenius’ journal of analytical chemistry, Analusis and
    Quimica analitica. 2016;408(27):7565–81.'
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:32:52Z
date_updated: 2025-06-18T12:11:46Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.1007/s00216-016-9800-9
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       408'
issue: '27'
keyword:
- Stachybotrys spp
- MALDI-TOF MS
- Mass spectrometry
- Filamentous fungi
language:
- iso: eng
page: 7565-7581
place: Berlin ; Heidelberg
publication: '  Analytical & bioanalytical chemistry : a merger of Fresenius'' journal
  of analytical chemistry, Analusis and Quimica analitica'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1618-2650
  issn:
  - 1618-2642
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Identification of Stachybotrys spp. by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 408
year: '2016'
...