---
_id: '12853'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Lentic waters integrate atmosphere and catchment processes, and thus ultimately
    capture climate signals. However, studies of climate warming effects on lentic
    waters usually do not sufficiently account for a change in heat flux from the
    catchment through altered inflow temperature and discharge under climate change.
    This is particularly relevant for reservoirs, which are highly impacted by catchment
    hydrology and may be affected by upstream reservoirs or pre‐dams. This study explicitly
    quantified how the catchment and pre‐dams modify the thermal response of Rappbode
    Reservoir, Germany's largest drinking water reservoir system, to climate change.
    We established a catchment‐lake modeling chain in the main reservoir and its two
    pre‐dams utilizing the lake model GOTM, the catchment model mHM, and the stream
    temperature model Air2stream, forced by an ensemble of climate projections under
    RCP2.6 and 8.5 warming scenarios. Results exhibited a warming of 0.27/0.15°C decade<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>
    for the surface/bottom temperatures of the main reservoir, with approximately
    8%/24% of this warming attributed to the catchment warming, respectively. The
    catchment warming amplified the deep water warming more than at the surface, contrary
    to the atmospheric warming effect, and advanced stratification by about 1 week,
    while having a minor impact on stratification intensity. On the other hand, pre‐dams
    reduced the inflow temperature into the main reservoir in spring, and consequently
    lowered the hypolimnetic temperature and postponed stratification onset. This
    shielded the main reservoir from climate warming, although overall the contribution
    of pre‐dams was minimal. Altogether, our study highlights the importance of catchment
    alterations and seasonality when projecting reservoir warming, and provides insights
    into catchment‐reservoir coupling under climate change.
article_number: e2023WR036808
author:
- first_name: Bo
  full_name: Gai, Bo
  last_name: Gai
- first_name: Rohini
  full_name: Kumar, Rohini
  last_name: Kumar
- first_name: Frank
  full_name: Hüesker, Frank
  last_name: Hüesker
- first_name: Chenxi
  full_name: Mi, Chenxi
  last_name: Mi
- first_name: Xiangzhen
  full_name: Kong, Xiangzhen
  last_name: Kong
- first_name: Bertram
  full_name: Boehrer, Bertram
  last_name: Boehrer
- first_name: Karsten
  full_name: Rinke, Karsten
  last_name: Rinke
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
citation:
  ama: 'Gai B, Kumar R, Hüesker F, et al. Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response
    to Climate Warming. <i>  Water resources research : an AGU journal</i>. 2025;61(1).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808">10.1029/2023wr036808</a>'
  apa: 'Gai, B., Kumar, R., Hüesker, F., Mi, C., Kong, X., Boehrer, B., Rinke, K.,
    &#38; Shatwell, T. (2025). Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate
    Warming. <i>  Water Resources Research : An AGU Journal</i>, <i>61</i>(1), Article
    e2023WR036808. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808">https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Gai B <i>et al.</i></b> (2025) Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response
    to Climate Warming. <i>  Water resources research : an AGU journal</i> <b>61</b>.'
  chicago: 'Gai, Bo, Rohini Kumar, Frank Hüesker, Chenxi Mi, Xiangzhen Kong, Bertram
    Boehrer, Karsten Rinke, and Tom Shatwell. “Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal
    Response to Climate Warming.” <i>  Water Resources Research : An AGU Journal</i>
    61, no. 1 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808">https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Gai, Bo, Rohini Kumar, Frank Hüesker, Chenxi Mi, Xiangzhen Kong, Bertram
    Boehrer, Karsten Rinke und Tom Shatwell. 2025. Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal
    Response to Climate Warming. <i>  Water resources research : an AGU journal</i>
    61, Nr. 1. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808">10.1029/2023wr036808</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gai, Bo</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kumar,
    Rohini</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hüesker, Frank</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Mi, Chenxi</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kong,
    Xiangzhen</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Boehrer, Bertram</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Rinke, Karsten</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Shatwell,
    Tom</span>: Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate Warming.
    In: <i>  Water resources research : an AGU journal</i> Bd. 61. New York, NY, American
    Geophysical Union (AGU) (2025), Nr. 1'
  havard: 'B. Gai, R. Kumar, F. Hüesker, C. Mi, X. Kong, B. Boehrer, K. Rinke, T.
    Shatwell, Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate Warming,  
    Water Resources Research : An AGU Journal. 61 (2025).'
  ieee: 'B. Gai <i>et al.</i>, “Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate
    Warming,” <i>  Water resources research : an AGU journal</i>, vol. 61, no. 1,
    Art. no. e2023WR036808, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808">10.1029/2023wr036808</a>.'
  mla: 'Gai, Bo, et al. “Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate
    Warming.” <i>  Water Resources Research : An AGU Journal</i>, vol. 61, no. 1,
    e2023WR036808, 2025, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808">https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036808</a>.'
  short: 'B. Gai, R. Kumar, F. Hüesker, C. Mi, X. Kong, B. Boehrer, K. Rinke, T. Shatwell,
      Water Resources Research : An AGU Journal 61 (2025).'
  ufg: '<b>Gai, Bo u. a.</b>: Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate
    Warming, in: <i>  Water resources research : an AGU journal</i> 61 (2025), H.
    1.'
  van: 'Gai B, Kumar R, Hüesker F, Mi C, Kong X, Boehrer B, et al. Catchments Amplify
    Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate Warming.   Water resources research : an
    AGU journal. 2025;61(1).'
date_created: 2025-04-24T06:22:35Z
date_updated: 2025-06-24T14:14:26Z
department:
- _id: DEP8000
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1029/2023wr036808
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001390720200001'
intvolume: '        61'
isi: '1'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- climate change
- coupled catchment-lake model
- thermal characteristics
- drinking water reservoir management
- GOTMstratification
language:
- iso: eng
place: New York, NY
publication: '  Water resources research : an AGU journal'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1944-7973
  issn:
  - 0043-1397
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
status: public
title: Catchments Amplify Reservoir Thermal Response to Climate Warming
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 61
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '12225'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Lake Sevan is the largest freshwater body in the Caucasus region, situated
    at an altitude of 1,900 m asl. While it is a major water resource in the whole
    region, Lake Sevan has received little attention in international limnological
    literature. Although recent studies pointed to algal blooms and negative impacts
    of climate change and eutrophication, the physical controls on thermal dynamics
    have not been characterized and model-based assessments of climate change impacts
    are lacking. We compiled a decade of historical data for meteorological conditions
    and temperature dynamics in Lake Sevan and used a one-dimensional hydrodynamic
    model (GLM 3.1) in order to study thermal structure, the stratification phenology
    and their meteorological drivers in this large mountain lake. We then evaluated
    the representativeness of meteorological data products covering almost 4 decades
    (EWEMBI-dataset: 1979-2016) for driving the model and found that these data are
    well suited to restore long term thermal dynamics in Lake Sevan. This established
    model setting allowed us to identify major changes in Lake Sevan’s stratification
    in response to changing meteorological conditions as expected from ongoing climate
    change. Our results point to a changing mixing type from dimictic to monomictic
    as Lake Sevan will experience prolonged summer stratification periods and more
    stable stratification. These projected changes in stratification must be included
    in long-term management perspectives as they will intensify water quality deteriorations
    like surface algal blooms or deep water anoxia.'
author:
- first_name: Muhammed
  full_name: Shikhani, Muhammed
  id: '87725'
  last_name: Shikhani
- first_name: Chenxi
  full_name: Mi, Chenxi
  last_name: Mi
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Gevorgyan, Artur
  last_name: Gevorgyan
- first_name: Gor
  full_name: Gevorgyan, Gor
  last_name: Gevorgyan
- first_name: Amalya
  full_name: Misakyan, Amalya
  last_name: Misakyan
- first_name: Levon
  full_name: Azizyan, Levon
  last_name: Azizyan
- first_name: Klemens
  full_name: Barfus, Klemens
  last_name: Barfus
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Schulze, Martin
  last_name: Schulze
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Karsten
  full_name: Rinke, Karsten
  last_name: Rinke
citation:
  ama: 'Shikhani M, Mi C, Gevorgyan A, et al. Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest
    lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan. <i>Journal of Limnology</i>.
    2021;81(s1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024">10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024</a>'
  apa: 'Shikhani, M., Mi, C., Gevorgyan, A., Gevorgyan, G., Misakyan, A., Azizyan,
    L., Barfus, K., Schulze, M., Shatwell, T., &#38; Rinke, K. (2021). Simulating
    thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake
    Sevan. <i>Journal of Limnology</i>, <i>81</i>(s1). <a href="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024">https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Shikhani M <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) Simulating Thermal Dynamics of the
    Largest Lake in the Caucasus Region: The Mountain Lake Sevan. <i>Journal of Limnology</i>
    <b>81</b>.'
  chicago: 'Shikhani, Muhammed, Chenxi Mi, Artur Gevorgyan, Gor Gevorgyan, Amalya
    Misakyan, Levon Azizyan, Klemens Barfus, Martin Schulze, Tom Shatwell, and Karsten
    Rinke. “Simulating Thermal Dynamics of the Largest Lake in the Caucasus Region:
    The Mountain Lake Sevan.” <i>Journal of Limnology</i> 81, no. s1 (2021). <a href="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024">https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Shikhani, Muhammed, Chenxi Mi, Artur Gevorgyan, Gor Gevorgyan, Amalya
    Misakyan, Levon Azizyan, Klemens Barfus, Martin Schulze, Tom Shatwell und Karsten
    Rinke. 2021. Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region:
    The mountain Lake Sevan. <i>Journal of Limnology</i> 81, Nr. s1. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024">10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Shikhani,
    Muhammed</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Mi, Chenxi</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gevorgyan, Artur</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gevorgyan,
    Gor</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Misakyan, Amalya</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Azizyan, Levon</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Barfus,
    Klemens</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schulze, Martin</span>
    ; u. a.</span>: Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus
    region: The mountain Lake Sevan. In: <i>Journal of Limnology</i> Bd. 81. Verbania
    , Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (Verbania)  (2021), Nr. s1'
  havard: 'M. Shikhani, C. Mi, A. Gevorgyan, G. Gevorgyan, A. Misakyan, L. Azizyan,
    K. Barfus, M. Schulze, T. Shatwell, K. Rinke, Simulating thermal dynamics of the
    largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan, Journal of Limnology.
    81 (2021).'
  ieee: 'M. Shikhani <i>et al.</i>, “Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake
    in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan,” <i>Journal of Limnology</i>,
    vol. 81, no. s1, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024">10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024</a>.'
  mla: 'Shikhani, Muhammed, et al. “Simulating Thermal Dynamics of the Largest Lake
    in the Caucasus Region: The Mountain Lake Sevan.” <i>Journal of Limnology</i>,
    vol. 81, no. s1, 2021, <a href="https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024">https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024</a>.'
  short: M. Shikhani, C. Mi, A. Gevorgyan, G. Gevorgyan, A. Misakyan, L. Azizyan,
    K. Barfus, M. Schulze, T. Shatwell, K. Rinke, Journal of Limnology 81 (2021).
  ufg: '<b>Shikhani, Muhammed u. a.</b>: Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest
    lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan, in: <i>Journal of Limnology</i>
    81 (2021), H. s1.'
  van: 'Shikhani M, Mi C, Gevorgyan A, Gevorgyan G, Misakyan A, Azizyan L, et al.
    Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain
    Lake Sevan. Journal of Limnology. 2021;81(s1).'
date_created: 2024-12-08T19:55:10Z
date_updated: 2024-12-11T13:04:19Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.4081/jlimnol.2021.2024
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        81'
issue: s1
keyword:
- General Lake Model (GLM)
- Lake Sevan
- temperature stratification
- EWEMBI
- climate warming
language:
- iso: eng
place: 'Verbania '
publication: Journal of Limnology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1723-8633
  issn:
  - 1129-5767
publication_status: published
publisher: 'Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi (Verbania) '
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The
  mountain Lake Sevan'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 81
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12230'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Model ensembles have several benefits compared to single-model applications
    but are not frequently used within the lake modelling community. Setting up and
    running multiple lake models can be challenging and time consuming, despite the
    many similarities between the existing models (forcing data, hypsograph, etc.).
    Here we present an R package, LakeEnsemblR, that facilitates running ensembles
    of five different vertical one-dimensional hydrodynamic lake models (FLake, GLM,
    GOTM, Simstrat, MyLake). The package requires input in a standardised format and
    a single configuration file. LakeEnsemblR formats these files to the input required
    by each model, and provides functions to run and calibrate the models. The outputs
    of the different models are compiled into a single file, and several post-processing
    operations are supported. LakeEnsemblR's workflow standardisation can simplify
    model benchmarking and uncertainty quantification, and improve collaborations
    between scientists. We showcase the successful application of LakeEnsemblR for
    two different lakes.
article_number: '105101'
author:
- first_name: Tadhg N.
  full_name: Moore, Tadhg N.
  last_name: Moore
- first_name: Jorrit P.
  full_name: Mesman, Jorrit P.
  last_name: Mesman
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Ladwig, Robert
  last_name: Ladwig
- first_name: Johannes
  full_name: Feldbauer, Johannes
  last_name: Feldbauer
- first_name: Freya
  full_name: Olsson, Freya
  last_name: Olsson
- first_name: Rachel M.
  full_name: Pilla, Rachel M.
  last_name: Pilla
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Jason J.
  full_name: Venkiteswaran, Jason J.
  last_name: Venkiteswaran
- first_name: Austin D.
  full_name: Delany, Austin D.
  last_name: Delany
- first_name: Hilary
  full_name: Dugan, Hilary
  last_name: Dugan
- first_name: Kevin C.
  full_name: Rose, Kevin C.
  last_name: Rose
- first_name: Jordan S.
  full_name: Read, Jordan S.
  last_name: Read
citation:
  ama: 'Moore TN, Mesman JP, Ladwig R, et al. LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates
    ensemble modelling of lakes. <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment
    data news</i>. 2021;143. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101">10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101</a>'
  apa: 'Moore, T. N., Mesman, J. P., Ladwig, R., Feldbauer, J., Olsson, F., Pilla,
    R. M., Shatwell, T., Venkiteswaran, J. J., Delany, A. D., Dugan, H., Rose, K.
    C., &#38; Read, J. S. (2021). LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates ensemble
    modelling of lakes. <i>Environmental Modelling &#38; Software with Environment
    Data News</i>, <i>143</i>, Article 105101. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Moore TN <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) LakeEnsemblR: An R Package That Facilitates
    Ensemble Modelling of Lakes. <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment
    data news</i> <b>143</b>.'
  chicago: 'Moore, Tadhg N., Jorrit P. Mesman, Robert Ladwig, Johannes Feldbauer,
    Freya Olsson, Rachel M. Pilla, Tom Shatwell, et al. “LakeEnsemblR: An R Package
    That Facilitates Ensemble Modelling of Lakes.” <i>Environmental Modelling &#38;
    Software with Environment Data News</i> 143 (2021). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Moore, Tadhg N., Jorrit P. Mesman, Robert Ladwig, Johannes Feldbauer,
    Freya Olsson, Rachel M. Pilla, Tom Shatwell, u. a. 2021. LakeEnsemblR: An R package
    that facilitates ensemble modelling of lakes. <i>Environmental modelling &#38;
    software with environment data news</i> 143. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101">10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Moore,
    Tadhg N.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Mesman, Jorrit P.</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ladwig, Robert</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Feldbauer,
    Johannes</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Olsson, Freya</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Pilla, Rachel M.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Shatwell,
    Tom</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Venkiteswaran, Jason J.</span>
    ; u. a.</span>: LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates ensemble modelling
    of lakes. In: <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment data
    news</i> Bd. 143, Elsevier BV (2021)'
  havard: 'T.N. Moore, J.P. Mesman, R. Ladwig, J. Feldbauer, F. Olsson, R.M. Pilla,
    T. Shatwell, J.J. Venkiteswaran, A.D. Delany, H. Dugan, K.C. Rose, J.S. Read,
    LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates ensemble modelling of lakes, Environmental
    Modelling &#38; Software with Environment Data News. 143 (2021).'
  ieee: 'T. N. Moore <i>et al.</i>, “LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates ensemble
    modelling of lakes,” <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment
    data news</i>, vol. 143, Art. no. 105101, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101">10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101</a>.'
  mla: 'Moore, Tadhg N., et al. “LakeEnsemblR: An R Package That Facilitates Ensemble
    Modelling of Lakes.” <i>Environmental Modelling &#38; Software with Environment
    Data News</i>, vol. 143, 105101, 2021, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101</a>.'
  short: T.N. Moore, J.P. Mesman, R. Ladwig, J. Feldbauer, F. Olsson, R.M. Pilla,
    T. Shatwell, J.J. Venkiteswaran, A.D. Delany, H. Dugan, K.C. Rose, J.S. Read,
    Environmental Modelling &#38; Software with Environment Data News 143 (2021).
  ufg: '<b>Moore, Tadhg N. u. a.</b>: LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates
    ensemble modelling of lakes, in: <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with
    environment data news</i> 143 (2021).'
  van: 'Moore TN, Mesman JP, Ladwig R, Feldbauer J, Olsson F, Pilla RM, et al. LakeEnsemblR:
    An R package that facilitates ensemble modelling of lakes. Environmental modelling
    &#38; software with environment data news. 2021;143.'
date_created: 2024-12-08T20:18:32Z
date_updated: 2024-12-09T11:27:54Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       143'
keyword:
- Ensemble modeling
- Vertical one-dimensional lake model
- R package
- Calibration
- Thermal structure
- Hydrodynamics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105101
publication: Environmental modelling & software with environment data news
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1873-6726
  issn:
  - 1364-8152
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'LakeEnsemblR: An R package that facilitates ensemble modelling of lakes'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 143
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12239'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The modelling community has identified challenges for the integration and
    assessment of lake models due to the diversity of modelling approaches and lakes.
    In this study, we develop and assess a one-dimensional lake model and apply it
    to 32 lakes from a global observatory network. The data set included lakes over
    broad ranges in latitude, climatic zones, size, residence time, mixing regime
    and trophic level. Model performance was evaluated using several error assessment
    metrics, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted for nine parameters that governed
    the surface heat exchange and mixing efficiency. There was low correlation between
    input data uncertainty and model performance and predictions of temperature were
    less sensitive to model parameters than prediction of thermocline depth and Schmidt
    stability. The study provides guidance to where the general model approach and
    associated assumptions work, and cases where adjustments to model parameterisations
    and/or structure are required.
author:
- first_name: Louise C.
  full_name: Bruce, Louise C.
  last_name: Bruce
- first_name: Marieke A.
  full_name: Frassl, Marieke A.
  last_name: Frassl
- first_name: George B.
  full_name: Arhonditsis, George B.
  last_name: Arhonditsis
- first_name: Gideon
  full_name: Gal, Gideon
  last_name: Gal
- first_name: David P.
  full_name: Hamilton, David P.
  last_name: Hamilton
- first_name: Paul C.
  full_name: Hanson, Paul C.
  last_name: Hanson
- first_name: Amy L.
  full_name: Hetherington, Amy L.
  last_name: Hetherington
- first_name: John M.
  full_name: Melack, John M.
  last_name: Melack
- first_name: Jordan S.
  full_name: Read, Jordan S.
  last_name: Read
- first_name: Karsten
  full_name: Rinke, Karsten
  last_name: Rinke
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Rigosi, Anna
  last_name: Rigosi
- first_name: Dennis
  full_name: Trolle, Dennis
  last_name: Trolle
- first_name: Luke
  full_name: Winslow, Luke
  last_name: Winslow
- first_name: Rita
  full_name: Adrian, Rita
  last_name: Adrian
- first_name: Ana I.
  full_name: Ayala, Ana I.
  last_name: Ayala
- first_name: Serghei A.
  full_name: Bocaniov, Serghei A.
  last_name: Bocaniov
- first_name: Bertram
  full_name: Boehrer, Bertram
  last_name: Boehrer
- first_name: Casper
  full_name: Boon, Casper
  last_name: Boon
- first_name: Justin D.
  full_name: Brookes, Justin D.
  last_name: Brookes
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Bueche, Thomas
  last_name: Bueche
- first_name: Brendan D.
  full_name: Busch, Brendan D.
  last_name: Busch
- first_name: Diego
  full_name: Copetti, Diego
  last_name: Copetti
- first_name: Alicia
  full_name: Cortés, Alicia
  last_name: Cortés
- first_name: Elvira
  full_name: de Eyto, Elvira
  last_name: de Eyto
- first_name: J. Alex
  full_name: Elliott, J. Alex
  last_name: Elliott
- first_name: Nicole
  full_name: Gallina, Nicole
  last_name: Gallina
- first_name: Yael
  full_name: Gilboa, Yael
  last_name: Gilboa
- first_name: Nicolas
  full_name: Guyennon, Nicolas
  last_name: Guyennon
- first_name: Lei
  full_name: Huang, Lei
  last_name: Huang
- first_name: Onur
  full_name: Kerimoglu, Onur
  last_name: Kerimoglu
- first_name: John D.
  full_name: Lenters, John D.
  last_name: Lenters
- first_name: Sally
  full_name: MacIntyre, Sally
  last_name: MacIntyre
- first_name: Vardit
  full_name: Makler-Pick, Vardit
  last_name: Makler-Pick
- first_name: Chris G.
  full_name: McBride, Chris G.
  last_name: McBride
- first_name: Santiago
  full_name: Moreira, Santiago
  last_name: Moreira
- first_name: Deniz
  full_name: Özkundakci, Deniz
  last_name: Özkundakci
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Pilotti, Marco
  last_name: Pilotti
- first_name: Francisco J.
  full_name: Rueda, Francisco J.
  last_name: Rueda
- first_name: James A.
  full_name: Rusak, James A.
  last_name: Rusak
- first_name: Nihar R.
  full_name: Samal, Nihar R.
  last_name: Samal
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Schmid, Martin
  last_name: Schmid
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Craig
  full_name: Snorthheim, Craig
  last_name: Snorthheim
- first_name: Frédéric
  full_name: Soulignac, Frédéric
  last_name: Soulignac
- first_name: Giulia
  full_name: Valerio, Giulia
  last_name: Valerio
- first_name: Leon
  full_name: van der Linden, Leon
  last_name: van der Linden
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Vetter, Mark
  last_name: Vetter
- first_name: Brigitte
  full_name: Vinçon-Leite, Brigitte
  last_name: Vinçon-Leite
- first_name: Junbo
  full_name: Wang, Junbo
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Weber, Michael
  last_name: Weber
- first_name: Chaturangi
  full_name: Wickramaratne, Chaturangi
  last_name: Wickramaratne
- first_name: R. Iestyn
  full_name: Woolway, R. Iestyn
  last_name: Woolway
- first_name: Huaxia
  full_name: Yao, Huaxia
  last_name: Yao
- first_name: Matthew R.
  full_name: Hipsey, Matthew R.
  last_name: Hipsey
citation:
  ama: 'Bruce LC, Frassl MA, Arhonditsis GB, et al. A multi-lake comparative analysis
    of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network.
    <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment data news </i>. 2018;102(4):274-291.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016">10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016</a>'
  apa: 'Bruce, L. C., Frassl, M. A., Arhonditsis, G. B., Gal, G., Hamilton, D. P.,
    Hanson, P. C., Hetherington, A. L., Melack, J. M., Read, J. S., Rinke, K., Rigosi,
    A., Trolle, D., Winslow, L., Adrian, R., Ayala, A. I., Bocaniov, S. A., Boehrer,
    B., Boon, C., Brookes, J. D., … Hipsey, M. R. (2018). A multi-lake comparative
    analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory
    network. <i>Environmental Modelling &#38; Software with Environment Data News
    </i>, <i>102</i>(4), 274–291. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Bruce LC <i>et al.</i></b> (2018) A Multi-Lake Comparative Analysis of
    the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-Testing across a Global Observatory Network.
    <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment data news </i> <b>102</b>,
    274–291.'
  chicago: 'Bruce, Louise C., Marieke A. Frassl, George B. Arhonditsis, Gideon Gal,
    David P. Hamilton, Paul C. Hanson, Amy L. Hetherington, et al. “A Multi-Lake Comparative
    Analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-Testing across a Global Observatory
    Network.” <i>Environmental Modelling &#38; Software with Environment Data News
    </i> 102, no. 4 (2018): 274–91. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Bruce, Louise C., Marieke A. Frassl, George B. Arhonditsis, Gideon
    Gal, David P. Hamilton, Paul C. Hanson, Amy L. Hetherington, u. a. 2018. A multi-lake
    comparative analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a
    global observatory network. <i>Environmental modelling &#38; software with environment
    data news </i> 102, Nr. 4: 274–291. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016">10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bruce,
    Louise C.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Frassl, Marieke A.</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Arhonditsis, George B.</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gal, Gideon</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hamilton,
    David P.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hanson, Paul C.</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hetherington, Amy L.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Melack,
    John M.</span> ; u. a.</span>: A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General
    Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network. In: <i>Environmental
    modelling &#38; software with environment data news </i> Bd. 102. Oxford, Elsevier
    Science (2018), Nr. 4, S. 274–291'
  havard: 'L.C. Bruce, M.A. Frassl, G.B. Arhonditsis, G. Gal, D.P. Hamilton, P.C.
    Hanson, A.L. Hetherington, J.M. Melack, J.S. Read, K. Rinke, A. Rigosi, D. Trolle,
    L. Winslow, R. Adrian, A.I. Ayala, S.A. Bocaniov, B. Boehrer, C. Boon, J.D. Brookes,
    T. Bueche, B.D. Busch, D. Copetti, A. Cortés, E. de Eyto, J.A. Elliott, N. Gallina,
    Y. Gilboa, N. Guyennon, L. Huang, O. Kerimoglu, J.D. Lenters, S. MacIntyre, V.
    Makler-Pick, C.G. McBride, S. Moreira, D. Özkundakci, M. Pilotti, F.J. Rueda,
    J.A. Rusak, N.R. Samal, M. Schmid, T. Shatwell, C. Snorthheim, F. Soulignac, G.
    Valerio, L. van der Linden, M. Vetter, B. Vinçon-Leite, J. Wang, M. Weber, C.
    Wickramaratne, R.I. Woolway, H. Yao, M.R. Hipsey, A multi-lake comparative analysis
    of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network,
    Environmental Modelling &#38; Software with Environment Data News . 102 (2018)
    274–291.'
  ieee: 'L. C. Bruce <i>et al.</i>, “A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General
    Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network,” <i>Environmental
    modelling &#38; software with environment data news </i>, vol. 102, no. 4, pp.
    274–291, 2018, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016">10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016</a>.'
  mla: 'Bruce, Louise C., et al. “A Multi-Lake Comparative Analysis of the General
    Lake Model (GLM): Stress-Testing across a Global Observatory Network.” <i>Environmental
    Modelling &#38; Software with Environment Data News </i>, vol. 102, no. 4, 2018,
    pp. 274–91, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016</a>.'
  short: L.C. Bruce, M.A. Frassl, G.B. Arhonditsis, G. Gal, D.P. Hamilton, P.C. Hanson,
    A.L. Hetherington, J.M. Melack, J.S. Read, K. Rinke, A. Rigosi, D. Trolle, L.
    Winslow, R. Adrian, A.I. Ayala, S.A. Bocaniov, B. Boehrer, C. Boon, J.D. Brookes,
    T. Bueche, B.D. Busch, D. Copetti, A. Cortés, E. de Eyto, J.A. Elliott, N. Gallina,
    Y. Gilboa, N. Guyennon, L. Huang, O. Kerimoglu, J.D. Lenters, S. MacIntyre, V.
    Makler-Pick, C.G. McBride, S. Moreira, D. Özkundakci, M. Pilotti, F.J. Rueda,
    J.A. Rusak, N.R. Samal, M. Schmid, T. Shatwell, C. Snorthheim, F. Soulignac, G.
    Valerio, L. van der Linden, M. Vetter, B. Vinçon-Leite, J. Wang, M. Weber, C.
    Wickramaratne, R.I. Woolway, H. Yao, M.R. Hipsey, Environmental Modelling &#38;
    Software with Environment Data News  102 (2018) 274–291.
  ufg: '<b>Bruce, Louise C. u. a.</b>: A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General
    Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing across a global observatory network, in: <i>Environmental
    modelling &#38; software with environment data news </i> 102 (2018), H. 4,  S.
    274–291.'
  van: 'Bruce LC, Frassl MA, Arhonditsis GB, Gal G, Hamilton DP, Hanson PC, et al.
    A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing
    across a global observatory network. Environmental modelling &#38; software with
    environment data news . 2018;102(4):274–91.'
date_created: 2024-12-08T20:32:07Z
date_updated: 2024-12-09T10:13:47Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       102'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Lake model
- Stratification
- GLM
- Model assessment
- Global observatory data
- Network science
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.016
page: 274-291
place: Oxford
publication: 'Environmental modelling & software with environment data news '
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1873-6726
  issn:
  - 1364-8152
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier Science
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'A multi-lake comparative analysis of the General Lake Model (GLM): Stress-testing
  across a global observatory network'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 102
year: '2018'
...