---
_id: '12247'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'When severely degraded fens are rewetted, they often become shallow lakes
    with an average water depth of less than 1 m. The additional high nutrient availability
    in highly decomposed peat soils of these newly formed ecosystems favours the fast
    establishment of a small number of helophytes while the return of lost target
    species like low sedges and brown mosses could be delayed for decades. We hypothesise
    that the phosphorus (P) uptake of the newly developed vegetation substantially
    influences the P cycle in rewetted fens. Therefore, we investigated how much of
    the P released in upper degraded peat soils is pumped across the redox-interface
    between the soil and surface water (=‘P barrier’) during the growing season (∼150
    days) by six helophytes (Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, Glyceria maxima,
    Carex acutiformis, Carex riparia, and Phalaris arundinacea) in five rewetted fens.
    We then assessed how this would affect the different plant-available P fractions
    in the rooted degraded peat layers. The highest P uptake during the growing season
    (duration 150 days from May to September) was recorded for T. latifolia and G.
    maxima (3.0 and 2.8 g m−2, respectively). Overall, the P uptake was in the range
    of the P mobilisation rates we measured in highly decomposed peat soils (range:
    0.8–15.6 g P m−2, n = 30), but four to 10-fold higher than diffusive net P fluxes
    at the interface between soil and surface water. Accordingly, helophytes are able
    to compensate for the high P mobilisation in degraded peat soils during the growing
    season, by incorporating this P into biomass. On the other hand a large part of
    the plant-P stock is released after die back through leaching and mineralisation,
    which increases the P load of these newly formed shallow lakes and possibly also
    of adjacent water courses. We estimated that it would still take 20–50 years to
    exhaust the large pool of plant-available P in highly decomposed peat soils if
    aboveground biomass was removed. Without any further management apart from fen
    rewetting it is unlikely that the fens will return to low nutrient levels within
    a human life time.'
author:
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Zak, Dominik
  last_name: Zak
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Gelbrecht, Jörg
  last_name: Gelbrecht
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Zerbe, Stefan
  last_name: Zerbe
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Barth, Martin
  last_name: Barth
- first_name: Alvaro
  full_name: Cabezas, Alvaro
  last_name: Cabezas
- first_name: Peggy
  full_name: Steffenhagen, Peggy
  last_name: Steffenhagen
citation:
  ama: Zak D, Gelbrecht J, Zerbe S, et al. How helophytes influence the phosphorus
    cycle in degraded inundated peat soils – Implications for fen restoration. <i>Ecological
    Engineering</i>. 2013;66(5):82-90. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003">10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003</a>
  apa: Zak, D., Gelbrecht, J., Zerbe, S., Shatwell, T., Barth, M., Cabezas, A., &#38;
    Steffenhagen, P. (2013). How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded
    inundated peat soils – Implications for fen restoration. <i>Ecological Engineering</i>,
    <i>66</i>(5), 82–90. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003</a>
  bjps: <b>Zak D <i>et al.</i></b> (2013) How Helophytes Influence the Phosphorus
    Cycle in Degraded Inundated Peat Soils – Implications for Fen Restoration. <i>Ecological
    Engineering</i> <b>66</b>, 82–90.
  chicago: 'Zak, Dominik, Jörg Gelbrecht, Stefan Zerbe, Tom Shatwell, Martin Barth,
    Alvaro Cabezas, and Peggy Steffenhagen. “How Helophytes Influence the Phosphorus
    Cycle in Degraded Inundated Peat Soils – Implications for Fen Restoration.” <i>Ecological
    Engineering</i> 66, no. 5 (2013): 82–90. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Zak, Dominik, Jörg Gelbrecht, Stefan Zerbe, Tom Shatwell, Martin Barth,
    Alvaro Cabezas und Peggy Steffenhagen. 2013. How helophytes influence the phosphorus
    cycle in degraded inundated peat soils – Implications for fen restoration. <i>Ecological
    Engineering</i> 66, Nr. 5: 82–90. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003">10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Zak, Dominik</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gelbrecht, Jörg</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Zerbe,
    Stefan</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Shatwell, Tom</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Barth, Martin</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cabezas,
    Alvaro</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Steffenhagen, Peggy</span>:
    How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded inundated peat soils
    – Implications for fen restoration. In: <i>Ecological Engineering</i> Bd. 66.
    Amsterdam, Elsevier BV (2013), Nr. 5, S. 82–90'
  havard: D. Zak, J. Gelbrecht, S. Zerbe, T. Shatwell, M. Barth, A. Cabezas, P. Steffenhagen,
    How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded inundated peat soils
    – Implications for fen restoration, Ecological Engineering. 66 (2013) 82–90.
  ieee: 'D. Zak <i>et al.</i>, “How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded
    inundated peat soils – Implications for fen restoration,” <i>Ecological Engineering</i>,
    vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 82–90, 2013, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003">10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003</a>.'
  mla: Zak, Dominik, et al. “How Helophytes Influence the Phosphorus Cycle in Degraded
    Inundated Peat Soils – Implications for Fen Restoration.” <i>Ecological Engineering</i>,
    vol. 66, no. 5, 2013, pp. 82–90, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003</a>.
  short: D. Zak, J. Gelbrecht, S. Zerbe, T. Shatwell, M. Barth, A. Cabezas, P. Steffenhagen,
    Ecological Engineering 66 (2013) 82–90.
  ufg: '<b>Zak, Dominik u. a.</b>: How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in
    degraded inundated peat soils – Implications for fen restoration, in: <i>Ecological
    Engineering</i> 66 (2013), H. 5,  S. 82–90.'
  van: Zak D, Gelbrecht J, Zerbe S, Shatwell T, Barth M, Cabezas A, et al. How helophytes
    influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded inundated peat soils – Implications
    for fen restoration. Ecological Engineering. 2013;66(5):82–90.
date_created: 2024-12-08T20:42:18Z
date_updated: 2024-12-09T09:06:10Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        66'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Leaching
- Phosphorus retention
- Phragmites australis
- Top soil removal
- Redox interface
- Rewetting
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.10.003
page: 82-90
place: Amsterdam
publication: Ecological Engineering
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0925-8574
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded inundated peat soils
  – Implications for fen restoration
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 66
year: '2013'
...