---
_id: '9213'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The function and reliability of electrical connectors in automotive applications
    is crucial for vehicle safety, especially with regard to E-mobility and autonomous
    driving. For this reason, electrical connectors are being developed for long-term
    use applications. However, a small amount of function failures are still being
    observed in long-term use field vehicles. In this study all electrical connectors
    of five long-term driven vehicles from various car manufacturers are disassembled
    and analyzed. The same analysis procedure is followed for every vehicle and the
    electrical resistance of the connectors is measured to determine electrical failures.
    The contacts of failed connectors are further analyzed using optical microscopy,
    XRF spectroscopy, EDS and detailed contact resistance mapping. By comparing the
    connectors with electrical failures to the same types of connectors with a proper
    electrical resistance, failure mechanisms can be detected and analyzed. The frequency
    of various failure mechanisms is statistically evaluated. The results of the analysis
    provide valuable indications with respect to improvement of the reliability of
    connectors.
author:
- first_name: Dirk
  full_name: Hilmert, Dirk
  id: '74212'
  last_name: Hilmert
- first_name: Haomiao
  full_name: Yuan, Haomiao
  id: '61860'
  last_name: Yuan
- first_name: Jian
  full_name: Song, Jian
  id: '5297'
  last_name: Song
citation:
  ama: Hilmert D, Yuan H, Song J. <i>The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical
    Connectors in Long-Term Use Field Vehicles</i>. IEEE; 2022:9-16. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820">10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820</a>
  apa: 'Hilmert, D., Yuan, H., &#38; Song, J. (2022). The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms
    of Electrical Connectors in Long-term Use Field Vehicles. In <i>Electrical contacts
    - 2022 : proceedings of the Sixty-Seventh IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts</i>
    (pp. 9–16). IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820">https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Hilmert D, Yuan H and Song J</b> (2022) <i>The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms
    of Electrical Connectors in Long-Term Use Field Vehicles</i>. Piscataway, NJ:
    IEEE.'
  chicago: 'Hilmert, Dirk, Haomiao Yuan, and Jian Song. <i>The Analysis of Failure
    Mechanisms of Electrical Connectors in Long-Term Use Field Vehicles</i>. <i>Electrical
    Contacts - 2022 : Proceedings of the Sixty-Seventh IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical
    Contacts</i>. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820">https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Hilmert, Dirk, Haomiao Yuan und Jian Song. 2022. <i>The Analysis of
    Failure Mechanisms of Electrical Connectors in Long-term Use Field Vehicles</i>.
    <i>Electrical contacts - 2022 : proceedings of the Sixty-Seventh IEEE Holm Conference
    on Electrical Contacts</i>. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820">10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hilmert, Dirk</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Yuan, Haomiao</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Song,
    Jian</span>: <i>The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical Connectors in
    Long-term Use Field Vehicles</i>. Piscataway, NJ : IEEE, 2022'
  havard: D. Hilmert, H. Yuan, J. Song, The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical
    Connectors in Long-term Use Field Vehicles, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2022.
  ieee: 'D. Hilmert, H. Yuan, and J. Song, <i>The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of
    Electrical Connectors in Long-term Use Field Vehicles</i>. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE,
    2022, pp. 9–16. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820">10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820</a>.'
  mla: 'Hilmert, Dirk, et al. “The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical Connectors
    in Long-Term Use Field Vehicles.” <i>Electrical Contacts - 2022 : Proceedings
    of the Sixty-Seventh IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts</i>, IEEE, 2022,
    pp. 9–16, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820">https://doi.org/10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820</a>.'
  short: D. Hilmert, H. Yuan, J. Song, The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical
    Connectors in Long-Term Use Field Vehicles, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2022.
  ufg: '<b>Hilmert, Dirk/Yuan, Haomiao/Song, Jian</b>: The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms
    of Electrical Connectors in Long-term Use Field Vehicles, Piscataway, NJ 2022.'
  van: 'Hilmert D, Yuan H, Song J. The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical
    Connectors in Long-term Use Field Vehicles. Electrical contacts - 2022 : proceedings
    of the Sixty-Seventh IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. Piscataway,
    NJ: IEEE; 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-10-26
  location: Tampa, FL, USA
  name: 67th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts
  start_date: 2022-10-23
date_created: 2022-12-11T13:55:18Z
date_updated: 2024-08-05T08:18:13Z
department:
- _id: DEP6012
doi: 10.1109/HLM54538.2022.9969820
keyword:
- Connectors
- Resistance
- Spectroscopy
- Optical microscopy
- Microscopy
- Vehicle safety
- Failure analysis
language:
- iso: eng
page: 9 - 16
place: Piscataway, NJ
publication: 'Electrical contacts - 2022 : proceedings of the Sixty-Seventh IEEE Holm
  Conference on Electrical Contacts'
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-1-6654-5965-5
  isbn:
  - 978-1-6654-5966-2
  - 978-1-6654-5967-9
  issn:
  - 2158-9992
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: The Analysis of Failure Mechanisms of Electrical Connectors in Long-term Use
  Field Vehicles
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2022'
...