---
_id: '13084'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Thermal preservation is widely used for the stabilization of fruit and vegetable
    juices. However, this method can potentially impair product quality and it is
    necessary to categorize and quantify these changes in order to optimize the treatment
    process. Here, carrot juice was treated with different time temperature combinations
    selected to achieve equivalent microbiological lethality. Different temperatures
    were selected - low temperature long time (LTLT) with 90 and 95 °C and high temperature
    short time (HTST) with 120 and 125 °C. The thermally treated juice exhibited significant
    differences in physical, chemical and sensory parameters in contrast to untreated
    juice. HTST treatment had less of a negative effect on the juice. A significant
    deterioration in odor, appearance and taste was observed after the LTLT treatment
    compared to an untreated reference juice. The juice exhibited elevated acid taste,
    a shift in olfactory profile from white to red vegetables and diminished homogeneity.
    Significant changes in sugar composition, pH, carotenoids and color were also
    observed during this treatment. The juice that had been treated with LTLT exhibited
    a higher amount of monosaccharides, a lower pH value, a reduced quantity of carotenoids
    and a perceptible difference in color in comparison to the untreated and fresh
    juice. Therefore, it can be concluded that varying temperatures show different
    effects on juice quality, despite the same microbiological lethal effect. This
    must be taken into account when designing the pasteurization process.
author:
- first_name: Linda
  full_name: Katsch, Linda
  id: '71614'
  last_name: Katsch
  orcid: '0000-0001-6628-3929 '
- first_name: Imke
  full_name: Weishaupt, Imke
  id: '58425'
  last_name: Weishaupt
- first_name: Martina
  full_name: Sokolowsky, Martina
  id: '76708'
  last_name: Sokolowsky
- first_name: Brian R.
  full_name: Gibson, Brian R.
  last_name: Gibson
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Schneider, Jan
  id: '13209'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-6401-8873
citation:
  ama: Katsch L, Weishaupt I, Sokolowsky M, Gibson BR, Schneider J. Impact of equivalent
    sterilization processes with different time- temperature combinations on the chemical,
    physical and sensory properties of carrot juice. <i>European Food Research and
    Technology</i>. 2025;(251):3649-3668. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5</a>
  apa: Katsch, L., Weishaupt, I., Sokolowsky, M., Gibson, B. R., &#38; Schneider,
    J. (2025). Impact of equivalent sterilization processes with different time- temperature
    combinations on the chemical, physical and sensory properties of carrot juice.
    <i>European Food Research and Technology</i>, <i>251</i>, 3649–3668. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5</a>
  bjps: <b>Katsch L <i>et al.</i></b> (2025) Impact of Equivalent Sterilization Processes
    with Different Time- Temperature Combinations on the Chemical, Physical and Sensory
    Properties of Carrot Juice. <i>European Food Research and Technology</i> 3649–3668.
  chicago: 'Katsch, Linda, Imke Weishaupt, Martina Sokolowsky, Brian R. Gibson, and
    Jan Schneider. “Impact of Equivalent Sterilization Processes with Different Time-
    Temperature Combinations on the Chemical, Physical and Sensory Properties of Carrot
    Juice.” <i>European Food Research and Technology</i>, no. 251 (2025): 3649–68.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Katsch, Linda, Imke Weishaupt, Martina Sokolowsky, Brian R. Gibson
    und Jan Schneider. 2025. Impact of equivalent sterilization processes with different
    time- temperature combinations on the chemical, physical and sensory properties
    of carrot juice. <i>European Food Research and Technology</i>, Nr. 251: 3649–3668.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Katsch, Linda</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Weishaupt, Imke</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Sokolowsky,
    Martina</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gibson, Brian R.</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schneider, Jan</span>: Impact of equivalent
    sterilization processes with different time- temperature combinations on the chemical,
    physical and sensory properties of carrot juice. In: <i>European Food Research
    and Technology</i>. Berlin ; Heidelberg, Springer (2025), Nr. 251, S. 3649–3668'
  havard: L. Katsch, I. Weishaupt, M. Sokolowsky, B.R. Gibson, J. Schneider, Impact
    of equivalent sterilization processes with different time- temperature combinations
    on the chemical, physical and sensory properties of carrot juice, European Food
    Research and Technology. (2025) 3649–3668.
  ieee: 'L. Katsch, I. Weishaupt, M. Sokolowsky, B. R. Gibson, and J. Schneider, “Impact
    of equivalent sterilization processes with different time- temperature combinations
    on the chemical, physical and sensory properties of carrot juice,” <i>European
    Food Research and Technology</i>, no. 251, pp. 3649–3668, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5</a>.'
  mla: Katsch, Linda, et al. “Impact of Equivalent Sterilization Processes with Different
    Time- Temperature Combinations on the Chemical, Physical and Sensory Properties
    of Carrot Juice.” <i>European Food Research and Technology</i>, no. 251, 2025,
    pp. 3649–68, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5</a>.
  short: L. Katsch, I. Weishaupt, M. Sokolowsky, B.R. Gibson, J. Schneider, European
    Food Research and Technology (2025) 3649–3668.
  ufg: '<b>Katsch, Linda u. a.</b>: Impact of equivalent sterilization processes with
    different time- temperature combinations on the chemical, physical and sensory
    properties of carrot juice, in: <i>European Food Research and Technology</i> (2025),
    H. 251,  S. 3649–3668.'
  van: Katsch L, Weishaupt I, Sokolowsky M, Gibson BR, Schneider J. Impact of equivalent
    sterilization processes with different time- temperature combinations on the chemical,
    physical and sensory properties of carrot juice. European Food Research and Technology.
    2025;(251):3649–68.
date_created: 2025-07-25T17:15:07Z
date_updated: 2025-10-29T10:07:41Z
department:
- _id: DEP4023
- _id: DEP4018
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-025-04860-5
issue: '251'
keyword:
- Carrot juice
- Sterilization
- Carotenoids
- Descriptive analysis
- PCA
- HTST
language:
- iso: eng
page: 3649-3668
place: Berlin ; Heidelberg
publication: European Food Research and Technology
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1438-2385
  issn:
  - 1438-2377
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Impact of equivalent sterilization processes with different time- temperature
  combinations on the chemical, physical and sensory properties of carrot juice
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '11495'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'To evaluate the suitability of an analytical instrument, essential figures
    of merit such as the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification
    (LOQ) can be employed. However, as the definitions k nown in the literature are
    mostly applicable to one signal per sample, estimating the LOD for substances
    with instruments yielding multidimensional results like electronic noses (eNoses)
    is still challenging. In this paper, we will compare and present different approaches
    to estimate the LOD for eNoses by employing commonly used multivariate data analysis
    and regression techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA), principal
    component regression (PCR), as well as partial least squares regression (PLSR).
    These methods could subsequently be used to assess the suitability of eNoses to
    help control and steer processes where volatiles are key process parameters. As
    a use case, we determined the LODs for key compounds involved in beer maturation,
    namely acetaldehyde, diacetyl, dimethyl sulfide, ethyl acetate, isobutanol, and
    2-phenylethanol, and discussed the suitability of our eNose for that dertermination
    process. The results of the methods performed demonstrated differences of up to
    a factor of eight. For diacetyl, the LOD and the LOQ were sufficiently low to
    suggest potential for monitoring via eNose. '
article_number: '3520'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Julia
  full_name: Kruse, Julia
  id: '82298'
  last_name: Kruse
- first_name: Julius
  full_name: Wörner, Julius
  id: '79011'
  last_name: Wörner
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Schneider, Jan
  id: '13209'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-6401-8873
- first_name: Helene
  full_name: Dörksen, Helene
  id: '46416'
  last_name: Dörksen
- first_name: Miriam
  full_name: Pein-Hackelbusch, Miriam
  id: '64952'
  last_name: Pein-Hackelbusch
  orcid: 0000-0002-7920-0595
citation:
  ama: Kruse J, Wörner J, Schneider J, Dörksen H, Pein-Hackelbusch M. Methods for
    Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation
    with Electronic Noses . <i>Sensors</i>. 2024;24(11). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520">10.3390/s24113520</a>
  apa: Kruse, J., Wörner, J., Schneider, J., Dörksen, H., &#38; Pein-Hackelbusch,
    M. (2024). Methods for Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key
    Substances in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses . <i>Sensors</i>, <i>24</i>(11),
    Article 3520. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520">https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520</a>
  bjps: <b>Kruse J <i>et al.</i></b> (2024) Methods for Estimating the Detection and
    Quantification Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses
    . <i>Sensors</i> <b>24</b>.
  chicago: Kruse, Julia, Julius Wörner, Jan Schneider, Helene Dörksen, and Miriam
    Pein-Hackelbusch. “Methods for Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits
    of Key Substances in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses .” <i>Sensors</i> 24,
    no. 11 (2024). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520">https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520</a>.
  chicago-de: Kruse, Julia, Julius Wörner, Jan Schneider, Helene Dörksen und Miriam
    Pein-Hackelbusch. 2024. Methods for Estimating the Detection and Quantification
    Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses . <i>Sensors</i>
    24, Nr. 11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520">10.3390/s24113520</a>,
    .
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kruse, Julia</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wörner, Julius</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schneider,
    Jan</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dörksen, Helene</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Pein-Hackelbusch, Miriam</span>: Methods for
    Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation
    with Electronic Noses . In: <i>Sensors</i> Bd. 24, MDPI (2024), Nr. 11'
  havard: J. Kruse, J. Wörner, J. Schneider, H. Dörksen, M. Pein-Hackelbusch, Methods
    for Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key Substances in Beer
    Maturation with Electronic Noses , Sensors. 24 (2024).
  ieee: 'J. Kruse, J. Wörner, J. Schneider, H. Dörksen, and M. Pein-Hackelbusch, “Methods
    for Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key Substances in Beer
    Maturation with Electronic Noses ,” <i>Sensors</i>, vol. 24, no. 11, Art. no.
    3520, 2024, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520">10.3390/s24113520</a>.'
  mla: Kruse, Julia, et al. “Methods for Estimating the Detection and Quantification
    Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses .” <i>Sensors</i>,
    vol. 24, no. 11, 3520, 2024, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520">https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113520</a>.
  short: J. Kruse, J. Wörner, J. Schneider, H. Dörksen, M. Pein-Hackelbusch, Sensors
    24 (2024).
  ufg: '<b>Kruse, Julia u. a.</b>: Methods for Estimating the Detection and Quantification
    Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses , in: <i>Sensors</i>
    24 (2024), H. 11.'
  van: Kruse J, Wörner J, Schneider J, Dörksen H, Pein-Hackelbusch M. Methods for
    Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key Substances in Beer Maturation
    with Electronic Noses . Sensors. 2024;24(11).
date_created: 2024-06-03T07:43:48Z
date_updated: 2025-06-25T13:00:14Z
department:
- _id: DEP4028
doi: 10.3390/s24113520
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001245424000001'
  pmid:
  - '38894312'
intvolume: '        24'
isi: '1'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- multidimensional sensor arrays
- MOS sensors
- beer fermentation
- process control
- gas analysis
- metal oxide semiconductors
- intentional data analysis
- chemometrics
- PLSR
- PCA
- first-order calibration
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/11/3520
oa: '1'
pmid: '1'
publication: Sensors
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - '1424-8220 '
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Methods for Estimating the Detection and Quantification Limits of Key Substances
  in Beer Maturation with Electronic Noses '
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 24
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '12706'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Vaseline, also referred to as petrolatum, is a colloidal dispersion of liquid-crystalline
    structures of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. It has long been recognized
    for its versatile applications in the pharmaceutical industry, with its use in
    the formulation of various topical medications, wound care products, and drug
    delivery systems. For pharmaceutical use, petrolatum has to meet the quality standards
    described in its Pharmacopoeia monograph. The comprised test ranges allow for
    a broad range of Vaseline qualities on the market, while the tests themselves
    only poorly discriminate between grades. The only differentiating properties are
    related to the melting behavior, which is tested via drop point analysis, and
    the consistency, addressed in the functionality-related characteristics section.
    In this study, we propose the hypothesis that Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
    could be a comparably simple method to evaluate the crystalline behavior of Vaseline
    qualities. We expect such information to provide additional details for Vaseline
    quality discrimination. This discrimination would allow the most suitable petroleum
    jelly to be selected for an existing formulation when the previous one needs to
    be replaced; for example, due to a manufacturer change. We demonstrate that NIRS
    in transmission and reflectance mode obtained by traditional continuous spectra
    acquisition and fragmented NIR spectra acquisition through multi-optical, multi-modal
    excitation, respectively, can both serve as a basis for detecting Vaseline quality
    differences, which we have further proven by thermal analysis and tests with semisolid
    formulations. Additionally, we demonstrate that a lower-cost multi-optical spectrometer
    in reflectance mode can detect Vaseline quality differences in rotated samples.
author:
- first_name: Niels Hendrik
  full_name: Fliedner, Niels Hendrik
  last_name: Fliedner
- first_name: Volker
  full_name: Lohweg, Volker
  last_name: Lohweg
- first_name: Claudia
  full_name: Al-Karawi, Claudia
  last_name: Al-Karawi
- first_name: Miriam
  full_name: Pein-Hackelbusch, Miriam
  last_name: Pein-Hackelbusch
citation:
  ama: Fliedner NH, Lohweg V, Al-Karawi C, Pein-Hackelbusch M. <i>A Novel Spectroscopic
    Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination</i>. (Dörksen H, Scanzio S, Jasperneite
    J, et al., eds.). IEEE; 2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318">10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318</a>
  apa: Fliedner, N. H., Lohweg, V., Al-Karawi, C., &#38; Pein-Hackelbusch, M. (2023).
    A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination. In H. Dörksen,
    S. Scanzio, J. Jasperneite, L. Wisniewski, K. F. Man, T. Sauter, L. Seno, H. Trsek,
    V. Vyatkin, &#38; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers  (Eds.), <i>2023
    IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)</i>. IEEE.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318">https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318</a>
  bjps: '<b>Fliedner NH <i>et al.</i></b> (2023) <i>A Novel Spectroscopic Approach
    for Vaseline Quality Discrimination</i>, Dörksen H et al. (eds). [Piscataway,
    NJ] : IEEE.'
  chicago: 'Fliedner, Niels Hendrik, Volker Lohweg, Claudia Al-Karawi, and Miriam
    Pein-Hackelbusch. <i>A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination</i>.
    Edited by Helene Dörksen, Stefano  Scanzio, Jürgen Jasperneite, Lukasz Wisniewski,
    Kim Fung  Man, Thilo  Sauter, Lucia  Seno, Henning Trsek, Valeriy  Vyatkin, and
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers . <i>2023 IEEE 21st International
    Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)</i>. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE, 2023.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318">https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Fliedner, Niels Hendrik, Volker Lohweg, Claudia Al-Karawi und Miriam
    Pein-Hackelbusch. 2023. <i>A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline Quality
    Discrimination</i>. Hg. von Helene Dörksen, Stefano  Scanzio, Jürgen Jasperneite,
    Lukasz Wisniewski, Kim Fung  Man, Thilo  Sauter, Lucia  Seno, Henning Trsek, Valeriy  Vyatkin,
    und Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers . <i>2023 IEEE 21st International
    Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)</i>. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318">10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fliedner, Niels Hendrik</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Lohweg, Volker</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Al-Karawi,
    Claudia</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Pein-Hackelbusch, Miriam</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dörksen,
    H.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Scanzio, S.</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Jasperneite, J.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wisniewski,
    L.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Man, K. F.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Sauter,
    T.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Seno, L.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Trsek,
    H.</span> ; u. a.</span> (Hrsg.): <i>A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline
    Quality Discrimination</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]  : IEEE, 2023'
  havard: N.H. Fliedner, V. Lohweg, C. Al-Karawi, M. Pein-Hackelbusch, A Novel Spectroscopic
    Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ] , 2023.
  ieee: 'N. H. Fliedner, V. Lohweg, C. Al-Karawi, and M. Pein-Hackelbusch, <i>A Novel
    Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination</i>. [Piscataway, NJ]
    : IEEE, 2023. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318">10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318</a>.'
  mla: Fliedner, Niels Hendrik, et al. “A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline
    Quality Discrimination.” <i>2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial
    Informatics (INDIN)</i>, edited by Helene Dörksen et al., IEEE, 2023, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318">https://doi.org/10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318</a>.
  short: N.H. Fliedner, V. Lohweg, C. Al-Karawi, M. Pein-Hackelbusch, A Novel Spectroscopic
    Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ] , 2023.
  ufg: '<b>Fliedner, Niels Hendrik u. a.</b>: A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline
    Quality Discrimination, hg. von Dörksen, Helene u. a., [Piscataway, NJ]  2023.'
  van: 'Fliedner NH, Lohweg V, Al-Karawi C, Pein-Hackelbusch M. A Novel Spectroscopic
    Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination. Dörksen H, Scanzio S, Jasperneite
    J, Wisniewski L, Man KF, Sauter T, et al., editors. 2023 IEEE 21st International
    Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN). [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE; 2023.'
conference:
  end_date: 2023-07-20
  location: Lemgo
  name: 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2023)
  start_date: 2023-07-18
corporate_editor:
- 'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers '
date_created: 2025-03-13T13:48:58Z
date_updated: 2025-03-13T14:44:34Z
department:
- _id: DEP5019
- _id: DEP5023
doi: 10.1109/indin51400.2023.10218318
editor:
- first_name: Helene
  full_name: Dörksen, Helene
  id: '46416'
  last_name: Dörksen
- first_name: 'Stefano '
  full_name: 'Scanzio, Stefano '
  last_name: Scanzio
- first_name: Jürgen
  full_name: Jasperneite, Jürgen
  id: '1899'
  last_name: Jasperneite
- first_name: Lukasz
  full_name: Wisniewski, Lukasz
  id: '1710'
  last_name: Wisniewski
- first_name: 'Kim Fung '
  full_name: 'Man, Kim Fung '
  last_name: Man
- first_name: 'Thilo '
  full_name: 'Sauter, Thilo '
  last_name: Sauter
- first_name: 'Lucia '
  full_name: 'Seno, Lucia '
  last_name: Seno
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Trsek, Henning
  id: '1486'
  last_name: Trsek
  orcid: 0000-0002-0133-0656
- first_name: 'Valeriy '
  full_name: 'Vyatkin, Valeriy '
  last_name: Vyatkin
keyword:
- multimodal sensing
- crystalline materials
- microstructure
- rotation measurement
- PCA
- calorimetry
- pharmaceuticals
- European Pharmacopoeia
language:
- iso: eng
place: '[Piscataway, NJ] '
publication: 2023 IEEE 21st International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-1-6654-9313-0
  isbn:
  - 978-1-6654-9314-7
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A Novel Spectroscopic Approach for Vaseline Quality Discrimination
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2023'
...