---
_id: '12946'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Ostrich meat is characterized by high nutritional value; however, it remains
    an exotic product in most countries worldwide. In Europe, only few data are available
    regarding its microbial contamination, prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria,
    and safety. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the microbiological quality
    and safety of ostrich meat samples (n = 55), each from one animal, produced in
    Bavaria, Germany. The provided microbiological status of ostrich meat included
    mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteria, and mesophilic yeast and molds. In
    terms of food safety, all meat samples were negative for Salmonella spp. and Trichinella
    spp. Additionally, meat samples and a further 30 stool samples from 30 individuals
    were investigated for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli genes, with two meat
    samples that were qPCR-positive. Antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus
    faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium strains were from meat and stool samples also
    analyzed; 13 potentially resistant Enterobacteriaceae (meat samples) and 4 Enterococcus
    faecium (stool samples) were isolated, and their susceptibility against 29 and
    14 antimicrobials, respectively, was characterized. The results of this study
    provide an overview of microbial loads and food safety aspects that may be used
    as baseline data for the ostrich meat industry to improve their hygienic quality.
    However, the implementation of monitoring programs is recommended, and microbiological
    standards for ostrich meat production should be established.
article_number: '985'
author:
- first_name: Philipp-Michael
  full_name: Beindorf, Philipp-Michael
  last_name: Beindorf
- first_name: Oksana
  full_name: Kovalenko, Oksana
  last_name: Kovalenko
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Hanna
  full_name: Geißler, Hanna
  last_name: Geißler
- first_name: Rüdiger
  full_name: Korbel, Rüdiger
  last_name: Korbel
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Schwaiger, Karin
  last_name: Schwaiger
- first_name: Samart
  full_name: Dorn-In, Samart
  last_name: Dorn-In
- first_name: Irene
  full_name: Esteban-Cuesta, Irene
  last_name: Esteban-Cuesta
citation:
  ama: 'Beindorf PM, Kovalenko O, Ulrich S, et al. Investigation of Meat from Ostriches
    Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial
    Resistance. <i>Biology : open access journal</i>. 2022;11(7). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985">10.3390/biology11070985</a>'
  apa: 'Beindorf, P.-M., Kovalenko, O., Ulrich, S., Geißler, H., Korbel, R., Schwaiger,
    K., Dorn-In, S., &#38; Esteban-Cuesta, I. (2022). Investigation of Meat from Ostriches
    Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial
    Resistance. <i>Biology : Open Access Journal</i>, <i>11</i>(7), Article 985. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985">https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Beindorf P-M <i>et al.</i></b> (2022) Investigation of Meat from Ostriches
    Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial
    Resistance. <i>Biology : open access journal</i> <b>11</b>.'
  chicago: 'Beindorf, Philipp-Michael, Oksana Kovalenko, Sebastian Ulrich, Hanna Geißler,
    Rüdiger Korbel, Karin Schwaiger, Samart Dorn-In, and Irene Esteban-Cuesta. “Investigation
    of Meat from Ostriches Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological
    Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance.” <i>Biology : Open Access Journal</i> 11,
    no. 7 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985">https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Beindorf, Philipp-Michael, Oksana Kovalenko, Sebastian Ulrich, Hanna
    Geißler, Rüdiger Korbel, Karin Schwaiger, Samart Dorn-In und Irene Esteban-Cuesta.
    2022. Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria,
    Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance. <i>Biology : open
    access journal</i> 11, Nr. 7. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985">10.3390/biology11070985</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Beindorf, Philipp-Michael</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kovalenko, Oksana</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich,
    Sebastian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Geißler, Hanna</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Korbel, Rüdiger</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schwaiger,
    Karin</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Dorn-In, Samart</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Esteban-Cuesta, Irene</span>: Investigation
    of Meat from Ostriches Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological
    Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance. In: <i>Biology : open access journal</i>
    Bd. 11. Basel, MDPI (2022), Nr. 7'
  havard: 'P.-M. Beindorf, O. Kovalenko, S. Ulrich, H. Geißler, R. Korbel, K. Schwaiger,
    S. Dorn-In, I. Esteban-Cuesta, Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised and
    Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance,
    Biology : Open Access Journal. 11 (2022).'
  ieee: 'P.-M. Beindorf <i>et al.</i>, “Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised
    and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial
    Resistance,” <i>Biology : open access journal</i>, vol. 11, no. 7, Art. no. 985,
    2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985">10.3390/biology11070985</a>.'
  mla: 'Beindorf, Philipp-Michael, et al. “Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised
    and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial
    Resistance.” <i>Biology : Open Access Journal</i>, vol. 11, no. 7, 985, 2022,
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985">https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070985</a>.'
  short: 'P.-M. Beindorf, O. Kovalenko, S. Ulrich, H. Geißler, R. Korbel, K. Schwaiger,
    S. Dorn-In, I. Esteban-Cuesta, Biology : Open Access Journal 11 (2022).'
  ufg: '<b>Beindorf, Philipp-Michael u. a.</b>: Investigation of Meat from Ostriches
    Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany: Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial
    Resistance, in: <i>Biology : open access journal</i> 11 (2022), H. 7.'
  van: 'Beindorf PM, Kovalenko O, Ulrich S, Geißler H, Korbel R, Schwaiger K, et al.
    Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany:
    Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance. Biology : open access journal.
    2022;11(7).'
date_created: 2025-06-15T09:56:52Z
date_updated: 2025-06-16T11:55:55Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.3390/biology11070985
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '7'
keyword:
- antimicrobial resistance
- meat microbiology
- Salmonella
- STEC
- Trichinella
language:
- iso: eng
place: Basel
publication: 'Biology : open access journal'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2079-7737
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Investigation of Meat from Ostriches Raised and Slaughtered in Bavaria, Germany:
  Microbiological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 11
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12974'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "BACKGROUND\r\nFruits and vegetables have increasingly been related to foodborne
    outbreaks. Besides surface contamination, a possible internalization of microorganisms
    into edible parts of plants during growth has already been observed. To examine
    an actual risk for the consumer, microbial contamination of the rind and pulp
    of 147 muskmelons from international trade was assessed using cultural and biochemical
    methods, polymerase chain reaction and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time
    of flight mass spectrometry.\r\nRESULTS\r\nOne hundred percent of the rind samples
    [3.69–8.92 log colony forming units (CFU) g−1] and 89.8% of the pulp samples (maximum
    load 3.66 log CFU g−1) were microbiologically contaminated. Among the 432 pulp
    isolates, opportunistic and potentially pathogenic bacteria were identified, mainly
    Staphylococcus spp. (48.9%), Clostridium spp. (42.9%) and Enterobacteriaceae (27.9%).
    Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and isolates of the Bacillus cereus group were
    found on the rind (1.4%, 0.7% and 42.9%, respectively) and in the pulp (0.7%,
    1.4% and 4.7%). Clostridium perfringens was isolated from the rind of seven melons.\r\nCONCLUSION\r\nThe
    present study revealed a regularly occurring internal contamination of melons.
    Possible health risks for consumers because of an occurrence of microorganisms
    in melon pulp should be considered in future food safety assessments. © 2018 Society
    of Chemical Industry."
author:
- first_name: Irene
  full_name: Esteban‐Cuesta, Irene
  last_name: Esteban‐Cuesta
- first_name: Nathalie
  full_name: Drees, Nathalie
  last_name: Drees
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Stauch, Peter
  last_name: Stauch
- first_name: Brigitte
  full_name: Sperner, Brigitte
  last_name: Sperner
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Schwaiger, Karin
  last_name: Schwaiger
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Gareis, Manfred
  last_name: Gareis
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Gottschalk, Christoph
  last_name: Gottschalk
citation:
  ama: 'Esteban‐Cuesta I, Drees N, Ulrich S, et al. Endogenous microbial contamination
    of melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international trade: an underestimated risk
    for the consumer? <i>Journal of the science of food and agriculture : incorporating
    Agri-Biotech</i>. 2018;98(13):5074-5081. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045">10.1002/jsfa.9045</a>'
  apa: 'Esteban‐Cuesta, I., Drees, N., Ulrich, S., Stauch, P., Sperner, B., Schwaiger,
    K., Gareis, M., &#38; Gottschalk, C. (2018). Endogenous microbial contamination
    of melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international trade: an underestimated risk
    for the consumer? <i>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture : Incorporating
    Agri-Biotech</i>, <i>98</i>(13), 5074–5081. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045">https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Esteban‐Cuesta I <i>et al.</i></b> (2018) Endogenous Microbial Contamination
    of Melons (<i>Cucumis Melo</i>) from International Trade: An Underestimated Risk
    for the Consumer? <i>Journal of the science of food and agriculture : incorporating
    Agri-Biotech</i> <b>98</b>, 5074–5081.'
  chicago: 'Esteban‐Cuesta, Irene, Nathalie Drees, Sebastian Ulrich, Peter Stauch,
    Brigitte Sperner, Karin Schwaiger, Manfred Gareis, and Christoph Gottschalk. “Endogenous
    Microbial Contamination of Melons (<i>Cucumis Melo</i>) from International Trade:
    An Underestimated Risk for the Consumer?” <i>Journal of the Science of Food and
    Agriculture : Incorporating Agri-Biotech</i> 98, no. 13 (2018): 5074–81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045">https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Esteban‐Cuesta, Irene, Nathalie Drees, Sebastian Ulrich, Peter Stauch,
    Brigitte Sperner, Karin Schwaiger, Manfred Gareis und Christoph Gottschalk. 2018.
    Endogenous microbial contamination of melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international
    trade: an underestimated risk for the consumer? <i>Journal of the science of food
    and agriculture : incorporating Agri-Biotech</i> 98, Nr. 13: 5074–5081. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045">10.1002/jsfa.9045</a>, .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Esteban‐Cuesta, Irene</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Drees, Nathalie</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich,
    Sebastian</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Stauch, Peter</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Sperner, Brigitte</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schwaiger,
    Karin</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gareis, Manfred</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gottschalk, Christoph</span>: Endogenous
    microbial contamination of melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international trade:
    an underestimated risk for the consumer? In: <i>Journal of the science of food
    and agriculture : incorporating Agri-Biotech</i> Bd. 98. Chichester, Wiley (2018),
    Nr. 13, S. 5074–5081'
  havard: 'I. Esteban‐Cuesta, N. Drees, S. Ulrich, P. Stauch, B. Sperner, K. Schwaiger,
    M. Gareis, C. Gottschalk, Endogenous microbial contamination of melons (<i>Cucumis
    melo</i>) from international trade: an underestimated risk for the consumer?,
    Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture : Incorporating Agri-Biotech. 98
    (2018) 5074–5081.'
  ieee: 'I. Esteban‐Cuesta <i>et al.</i>, “Endogenous microbial contamination of melons
    (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international trade: an underestimated risk for the
    consumer?,” <i>Journal of the science of food and agriculture : incorporating
    Agri-Biotech</i>, vol. 98, no. 13, pp. 5074–5081, 2018, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045">10.1002/jsfa.9045</a>.'
  mla: 'Esteban‐Cuesta, Irene, et al. “Endogenous Microbial Contamination of Melons
    (<i>Cucumis Melo</i>) from International Trade: An Underestimated Risk for the
    Consumer?” <i>Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture : Incorporating Agri-Biotech</i>,
    vol. 98, no. 13, 2018, pp. 5074–81, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045">https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9045</a>.'
  short: 'I. Esteban‐Cuesta, N. Drees, S. Ulrich, P. Stauch, B. Sperner, K. Schwaiger,
    M. Gareis, C. Gottschalk, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture : Incorporating
    Agri-Biotech 98 (2018) 5074–5081.'
  ufg: '<b>Esteban‐Cuesta, Irene u. a.</b>: Endogenous microbial contamination of
    melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international trade: an underestimated risk
    for the consumer?, in: <i>Journal of the science of food and agriculture : incorporating
    Agri-Biotech</i> 98 (2018), H. 13,  S. 5074–5081.'
  van: 'Esteban‐Cuesta I, Drees N, Ulrich S, Stauch P, Sperner B, Schwaiger K, et
    al. Endogenous microbial contamination of melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international
    trade: an underestimated risk for the consumer? Journal of the science of food
    and agriculture : incorporating Agri-Biotech. 2018;98(13):5074–81.'
date_created: 2025-06-15T10:28:46Z
date_updated: 2025-06-18T11:32:30Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9045
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        98'
issue: '13'
keyword:
- foodborne pathogens
- Salmonella
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Enterobacteriaceae
- vegetables
language:
- iso: eng
page: 5074-5081
place: Chichester
publication: 'Journal of the science of food and agriculture : incorporating Agri-Biotech'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1097-0010
  issn:
  - 0022-5142
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Endogenous microbial contamination of melons (<i>Cucumis melo</i>) from international
  trade: an underestimated risk for the consumer?'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 98
year: '2018'
...