---
_id: '11283'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Introduction: In recent decades, there has been a rise in mental illnesses.
    Community infrastructures are increasingly acknowledged as important for sustaining
    good mental health. Moreover, green spaces are anticipated to offer advantages
    for both mental health and social cohesion. However, the mediating pathway between
    green space, social cohesion and mental health and especially the proximity and
    characteristics of green spaces that trigger these potential effects remain of
    interest. Methods: We gathered data from 1365 individuals on self-reported social
    cohesion and mental health across four satellite districts in European cities:
    Nantes (France), Porto (Portugal), Sofia (Bulgaria), and Hoje-Taastrup (Denmark).
    Green space data from OpenStreetMap was manually adjusted using the PRIGSHARE
    guidelines. We used the AID-PRIGSHARE tool to generate 7 indicators about green
    space characteristics measured in distances from 100-1500 m, every 100 m. This
    resulted in 105 different green space variables that we tested in a single mediation
    model with structural equation modelling. Results: Accessible greenness (900-1400
    m), accessible green spaces (900-1500 m), accessible green space corridors (300-800
    m), accessible total green space (300-800), and mix of green space uses (700-1100
    m) were significantly associated with social cohesion and indirectly with mental
    health. Green corridors also showed negative indirect and direct associations
    with mental health in larger distances. Surrounding greenness and the quantity
    of green space uses were not associated with social cohesion nor indirectly with
    mental health. We also observed no positive direct associations between any green
    space variable in any distance to mental health. Conclusions: Our results suggest
    that accessibility, connectivity, mix of use and proximity are key characteristics
    that drive the relationship between green spaces, social cohesion and mental health.
    This gives further guidance to urban planners and decision-makers on how to design
    urban green spaces to foster social cohesion and improve mental health.'
article_number: '128230'
author:
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Cardinali, Marcel
  id: '58462'
  last_name: Cardinali
  orcid: 0000-0002-8841-9345
- first_name: Mariëlle A.
  full_name: Beenackers, Mariëlle A.
  last_name: Beenackers
- first_name: Ghozlane
  full_name: Fleury-Bahi, Ghozlane
  last_name: Fleury-Bahi
- first_name: Philippe
  full_name: Bodénan, Philippe
  last_name: Bodénan
- first_name: Milena Tasheva
  full_name: Petrova, Milena Tasheva
  last_name: Petrova
- first_name: Arjan
  full_name: van Timmeren, Arjan
  last_name: van Timmeren
- first_name: Uta
  full_name: Pottgiesser, Uta
  id: '27166'
  last_name: Pottgiesser
  orcid: 0000-0002-8594-3168
citation:
  ama: 'Cardinali M, Beenackers MA, Fleury-Bahi G, et al. Examining green space characteristics
    for social cohesion and mental health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four
    European cities. <i>  Urban forestry &#38; urban greening</i>. 2024;93. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230">10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230</a>'
  apa: 'Cardinali, M., Beenackers, M. A., Fleury-Bahi, G., Bodénan, P., Petrova, M.
    T., van Timmeren, A., &#38; Pottgiesser, U. (2024). Examining green space characteristics
    for social cohesion and mental health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four
    European cities. <i>  Urban Forestry &#38; Urban Greening</i>, <i>93</i>, Article
    128230. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230</a>'
  bjps: '<b>Cardinali M <i>et al.</i></b> (2024) Examining Green Space Characteristics
    for Social Cohesion and Mental Health Outcomes: A Sensitivity Analysis in Four
    European Cities. <i>  Urban forestry &#38; urban greening</i> <b>93</b>.'
  chicago: 'Cardinali, Marcel, Mariëlle A. Beenackers, Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi, Philippe
    Bodénan, Milena Tasheva Petrova, Arjan van Timmeren, and Uta Pottgiesser. “Examining
    Green Space Characteristics for Social Cohesion and Mental Health Outcomes: A
    Sensitivity Analysis in Four European Cities.” <i>  Urban Forestry &#38; Urban
    Greening</i> 93 (2024). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Cardinali, Marcel, Mariëlle A. Beenackers, Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi, Philippe
    Bodénan, Milena Tasheva Petrova, Arjan van Timmeren und Uta Pottgiesser. 2024.
    Examining green space characteristics for social cohesion and mental health outcomes:
    A sensitivity analysis in four European cities. <i>  Urban forestry &#38; urban
    greening</i> 93. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230">10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cardinali, Marcel</span> ;
    <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Beenackers, Mariëlle A.</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fleury-Bahi, Ghozlane</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bodénan,
    Philippe</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Petrova, Milena Tasheva</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">van Timmeren, Arjan</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Pottgiesser,
    Uta</span>: Examining green space characteristics for social cohesion and mental
    health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four European cities. In: <i>  Urban
    forestry &#38; urban greening</i> Bd. 93. [Amsterdam] , Elsevier BV (2024)'
  havard: 'M. Cardinali, M.A. Beenackers, G. Fleury-Bahi, P. Bodénan, M.T. Petrova,
    A. van Timmeren, U. Pottgiesser, Examining green space characteristics for social
    cohesion and mental health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four European cities,
      Urban Forestry &#38; Urban Greening. 93 (2024).'
  ieee: 'M. Cardinali <i>et al.</i>, “Examining green space characteristics for social
    cohesion and mental health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four European cities,”
    <i>  Urban forestry &#38; urban greening</i>, vol. 93, Art. no. 128230, 2024,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230">10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230</a>.'
  mla: 'Cardinali, Marcel, et al. “Examining Green Space Characteristics for Social
    Cohesion and Mental Health Outcomes: A Sensitivity Analysis in Four European Cities.”
    <i>  Urban Forestry &#38; Urban Greening</i>, vol. 93, 128230, 2024, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230</a>.'
  short: M. Cardinali, M.A. Beenackers, G. Fleury-Bahi, P. Bodénan, M.T. Petrova,
    A. van Timmeren, U. Pottgiesser,   Urban Forestry &#38; Urban Greening 93 (2024).
  ufg: '<b>Cardinali, Marcel u. a.</b>: Examining green space characteristics for
    social cohesion and mental health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four European
    cities, in: <i>  Urban forestry &#38; urban greening</i> 93 (2024).'
  van: 'Cardinali M, Beenackers MA, Fleury-Bahi G, Bodénan P, Petrova MT, van Timmeren
    A, et al. Examining green space characteristics for social cohesion and mental
    health outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four European cities.   Urban forestry
    &#38; urban greening. 2024;93.'
date_created: 2024-03-24T11:20:11Z
date_updated: 2025-06-25T12:43:06Z
department:
- _id: DEP1000
- _id: DEP1055
doi: 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128230
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001181173100001'
intvolume: '        93'
isi: '1'
keyword:
- Soil Science
- Ecology
- Forestry
- Green space
- Mediation
- Social cohesion
- Well-being
- Structural equation modelling
language:
- iso: eng
place: '[Amsterdam] '
publication: '  Urban forestry & urban greening'
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1610-8167
  issn:
  - 1618-8667
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: 'Examining green space characteristics for social cohesion and mental health
  outcomes: A sensitivity analysis in four European cities'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 93
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '12758'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'hapter 6 explores the multifaceted relationship between NBS and human health
    in urban environments. It begins by discussing the interconnectedness of nature
    and human well-being, highlighting the potential of NBS in reducing environmental
    stressors, restoring capacities and inviting for a more (inter-)active lifestyle.
    The chapter then delves into specific aspects of health addressed by NBS, such
    as the mitigation of air pollution and the enhancement of thermal comfort. Additionally,
    it examines the role of allotment gardens in promoting well-being and social cohesion
    within urban communities. Furthermore, the chapter explores how NBS can encourage
    healthy behaviour among urban residents, offering insights into understanding
    behavioural patterns. Concluding with recommendations for practitioners, the chapter
    underscores the importance of effectively implementing NBS to improve health and
    well-being in urban settings. '
author:
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Cardinali, Marcel
  id: '58462'
  last_name: Cardinali
  orcid: 0000-0002-8841-9345
- first_name: Philippe
  full_name: Bodenan, Philippe
  last_name: Bodenan
- first_name: Angel
  full_name: Burov, Angel
  last_name: Burov
- first_name: Katia
  full_name: Chancibault, Katia
  last_name: Chancibault
- first_name: Ghozlane
  full_name: Fleury, Ghozlane
  last_name: Fleury
- first_name: Sophie
  full_name: Herpin, Sophie
  last_name: Herpin
- first_name: Jude Le
  full_name: Roy-Lisneuf, Jude Le
  last_name: Roy-Lisneuf
- first_name: Arnaud
  full_name: Sapin, Arnaud
  last_name: Sapin
- first_name: Milena Tasheva
  full_name: Petrova, Milena Tasheva
  last_name: Petrova
- first_name: Irina
  full_name: Mutafchiiska, Irina
  last_name: Mutafchiiska
citation:
  ama: 'Cardinali M, Bodenan P, Burov A, et al. How Nature-based Solutions Promote
    Health &#38; Wellbeing. In: Ferreira I, Caitana B, Nunes N, Ribal E, eds. <i>Urban
    Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices for the Co-Creation
    of Nature-Based Cities</i>. Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli; 2024:302-369.'
  apa: Cardinali, M., Bodenan, P., Burov, A., Chancibault, K., Fleury, G., Herpin,
    S., Roy-Lisneuf, J. L., Sapin, A., Petrova, M. T., &#38; Mutafchiiska, I. (2024).
    How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health &#38; Wellbeing. In I. Ferreira, B.
    Caitana, N. Nunes, &#38; E. Ribal (Eds.), <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature
    - Fundaments and Practices for the Co-creation of Nature-based Cities</i> (pp.
    302–369). Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli.
  bjps: '<b>Cardinali M <i>et al.</i></b> (2024) How Nature-Based Solutions Promote
    Health &#38; Wellbeing. In Ferreira I et al. (eds), <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative
    Nature - Fundaments and Practices for the Co-Creation of Nature-Based Cities</i>.
    Mailand: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, pp. 302–369.'
  chicago: 'Cardinali, Marcel, Philippe Bodenan, Angel Burov, Katia Chancibault, Ghozlane
    Fleury, Sophie Herpin, Jude Le Roy-Lisneuf, Arnaud Sapin, Milena Tasheva Petrova,
    and Irina Mutafchiiska. “How Nature-Based Solutions Promote Health &#38; Wellbeing.”
    In <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices for the
    Co-Creation of Nature-Based Cities</i>, edited by Isabel Ferreira, Beatriz Caitana,
    Nathalie Nunes, and Eddine Ribal, 302–69. Mailand: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli,
    2024.'
  chicago-de: 'Cardinali, Marcel, Philippe Bodenan, Angel Burov, Katia Chancibault,
    Ghozlane Fleury, Sophie Herpin, Jude Le Roy-Lisneuf, Arnaud Sapin, Milena Tasheva
    Petrova und Irina Mutafchiiska. 2024. How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health
    &#38; Wellbeing. In: <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and
    Practices for the Co-creation of Nature-based Cities</i>, hg. von Isabel Ferreira,
    Beatriz Caitana, Nathalie Nunes, und Eddine Ribal, 302–369. Mailand: Fondazione
    Giangiacomo Feltrinelli.'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cardinali,
    Marcel</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bodenan, Philippe</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Burov, Angel</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Chancibault,
    Katia</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Fleury, Ghozlane</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Herpin, Sophie</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Roy-Lisneuf,
    Jude Le</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Sapin, Arnaud</span> ;
    u. a.</span>: How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health &#38; Wellbeing. In: <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ferreira, I.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Caitana,
    B.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Nunes, N.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ribal,
    E.</span> (Hrsg.): <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices
    for the Co-creation of Nature-based Cities</i>. Mailand : Fondazione Giangiacomo
    Feltrinelli, 2024, S. 302–369'
  havard: 'M. Cardinali, P. Bodenan, A. Burov, K. Chancibault, G. Fleury, S. Herpin,
    J.L. Roy-Lisneuf, A. Sapin, M.T. Petrova, I. Mutafchiiska, How Nature-based Solutions
    Promote Health &#38; Wellbeing, in: I. Ferreira, B. Caitana, N. Nunes, E. Ribal
    (Eds.), Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices for the
    Co-Creation of Nature-Based Cities, Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, Mailand,
    2024: pp. 302–369.'
  ieee: 'M. Cardinali <i>et al.</i>, “How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health &#38;
    Wellbeing,” in <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices
    for the Co-creation of Nature-based Cities</i>, I. Ferreira, B. Caitana, N. Nunes,
    and E. Ribal, Eds. Mailand: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, 2024, pp. 302–369.'
  mla: Cardinali, Marcel, et al. “How Nature-Based Solutions Promote Health &#38;
    Wellbeing.” <i>Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices
    for the Co-Creation of Nature-Based Cities</i>, edited by Isabel Ferreira et al.,
    Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, 2024, pp. 302–69.
  short: 'M. Cardinali, P. Bodenan, A. Burov, K. Chancibault, G. Fleury, S. Herpin,
    J.L. Roy-Lisneuf, A. Sapin, M.T. Petrova, I. Mutafchiiska, in: I. Ferreira, B.
    Caitana, N. Nunes, E. Ribal (Eds.), Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments
    and Practices for the Co-Creation of Nature-Based Cities, Fondazione Giangiacomo
    Feltrinelli, Mailand, 2024, pp. 302–369.'
  ufg: '<b>Cardinali, Marcel u. a.</b>: How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health
    &#38; Wellbeing, in: <i>Ferreira, Isabel u. a. (Hgg.)</i>: Urban Inclusive and
    Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices for the Co-creation of Nature-based
    Cities, Mailand 2024,  S. 302–369.'
  van: 'Cardinali M, Bodenan P, Burov A, Chancibault K, Fleury G, Herpin S, et al.
    How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health &#38; Wellbeing. In: Ferreira I, Caitana
    B, Nunes N, Ribal E, editors. Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments
    and Practices for the Co-creation of Nature-based Cities. Mailand: Fondazione
    Giangiacomo Feltrinelli; 2024. p. 302–69.'
date_created: 2025-04-04T06:32:08Z
date_updated: 2025-04-08T06:36:12Z
department:
- _id: DEP1000
- _id: DEP1055
editor:
- first_name: Isabel
  full_name: Ferreira, Isabel
  last_name: Ferreira
- first_name: Beatriz
  full_name: Caitana, Beatriz
  last_name: Caitana
- first_name: Nathalie
  full_name: Nunes, Nathalie
  last_name: Nunes
- first_name: Eddine
  full_name: Ribal, Eddine
  last_name: Ribal
keyword:
- Nature-based Solutions
- Public health
- Air pollution
- Thermal comfort
- Social cohesion
- Physical activity
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://fondazionefeltrinelli.it/scopri/urban-inclusive-and-innovative-nature/
oa: '1'
page: 302–369
place: Mailand
publication: Urban Inclusive and Innovative Nature - Fundaments and Practices for
  the Co-creation of Nature-based Cities
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-88-6835-519-7
publication_status: published
publisher: Fondazione Giangiacomo Feltrinelli
status: public
title: How Nature-based Solutions Promote Health & Wellbeing
type: book_chapter
user_id: '83781'
year: '2024'
...