---
_id: '12790'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: n the last years, Additive Manufacturing, thanks to its capability of continuous
    improvements in performance and cost-efficiency, was able to partly replace and
    redefine well-established manufacturing processes. This research is based on the
    idea to achieve great cost and operational benefits especially in the field of
    tool making for injection molding by combining traditional and additive manufacturing
    in one process chain. Special attention is given to the surface quality in terms
    of surface roughness and its optimization directly in the Selective Laser Melting
    process. This article presents the possibility for a remelting process of the
    SLM parts as a way to optimize the surfaces of the produced parts. The influence
    of laser remelting on the surface roughness of the parts is analyzed while varying
    machine parameters like laser power and scan settings. Laser remelting with optimized
    parameter settings considerably improves the surface quality of SLM parts and
    is a great starting point for further post-processing techniques, which require
    a low initial value of surface roughness.
author:
- first_name: Filippo
  full_name: Simoni, Filippo
  last_name: Simoni
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Huxol, Andrea
  id: '43559'
  last_name: Huxol
- first_name: Franz-Josef
  full_name: Villmer, Franz-Josef
  id: '14290'
  last_name: Villmer
citation:
  ama: Simoni F, Huxol A, Villmer FJ. Improving surface quality in selective laser
    melting based tool making. <i>Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing</i>. 2021;32(7):1927-1938.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9">10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9</a>
  apa: Simoni, F., Huxol, A., &#38; Villmer, F.-J. (2021). Improving surface quality
    in selective laser melting based tool making. <i>Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing</i>,
    <i>32</i>(7), 1927–1938. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9</a>
  bjps: <b>Simoni F, Huxol A and Villmer F-J</b> (2021) Improving Surface Quality
    in Selective Laser Melting Based Tool Making. <i>Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing</i>
    <b>32</b>, 1927–1938.
  chicago: 'Simoni, Filippo, Andrea Huxol, and Franz-Josef Villmer. “Improving Surface
    Quality in Selective Laser Melting Based Tool Making.” <i>Journal of Intelligent
    Manufacturing</i> 32, no. 7 (2021): 1927–38. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Simoni, Filippo, Andrea Huxol und Franz-Josef Villmer. 2021. Improving
    surface quality in selective laser melting based tool making. <i>Journal of Intelligent
    Manufacturing</i> 32, Nr. 7: 1927–1938. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9">10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Simoni, Filippo</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Huxol, Andrea</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Villmer,
    Franz-Josef</span>: Improving surface quality in selective laser melting based
    tool making. In: <i>Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing</i> Bd. 32. Dordrecht
    [u.a.], Springer Science and Business Media (2021), Nr. 7, S. 1927–1938'
  havard: F. Simoni, A. Huxol, F.-J. Villmer, Improving surface quality in selective
    laser melting based tool making, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. 32 (2021)
    1927–1938.
  ieee: 'F. Simoni, A. Huxol, and F.-J. Villmer, “Improving surface quality in selective
    laser melting based tool making,” <i>Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing</i>,
    vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 1927–1938, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9">10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9</a>.'
  mla: Simoni, Filippo, et al. “Improving Surface Quality in Selective Laser Melting
    Based Tool Making.” <i>Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing</i>, vol. 32, no.
    7, 2021, pp. 1927–38, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9</a>.
  short: F. Simoni, A. Huxol, F.-J. Villmer, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
    32 (2021) 1927–1938.
  ufg: '<b>Simoni, Filippo/Huxol, Andrea/Villmer, Franz-Josef</b>: Improving surface
    quality in selective laser melting based tool making, in: <i>Journal of Intelligent
    Manufacturing</i> 32 (2021), H. 7,  S. 1927–1938.'
  van: Simoni F, Huxol A, Villmer FJ. Improving surface quality in selective laser
    melting based tool making. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing. 2021;32(7):1927–38.
date_created: 2025-04-15T09:17:22Z
date_updated: 2025-06-26T13:41:37Z
department:
- _id: DEP7000
doi: 10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000636136100001'
intvolume: '        32'
isi: '1'
issue: '7'
keyword:
- Direct rapid tooling
- Toolmaking
- Additive manufacturing process chain
- Process control
- Production systems
- Selective laser melting
- Surface roughness
- Laser surface remelting
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1927-1938
place: Dordrecht [u.a.]
publication: Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1572-8145
  issn:
  - 0956-5515
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media
status: public
title: Improving surface quality in selective laser melting based tool making
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 32
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '12792'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Additive Manufacturing has arisen as a ground-breaking set of technologies
    that, thanks to their capability of continuous improvements in performance and
    cost-efficiency, was able in the last years to replace well-established manufacturing
    processes. Proficiency in the fabrication of highly complex parts forced this
    astonishing development. This research is based on the idea that through the integration
    of additive and conventional manufacturing technologies it is possible to achieve
    great cost and operational benefits especially in the field of tool making for
    injection molding. Such an integrated manufacturing solution could overcome the
    limitations of independent additive, subtractive, and post-processing procedures
    by strengthening their potentialities. The present study highlights the opportunities
    of a synergy between the above-mentioned manufacturing technologies for the optimized
    fabrication of injection molds. An additive manufacturing process chain is presented,
    and special attention is given to the surface quality and its optimization directly
    in the Selective Laser Melting process. The potentialities of the Laser Surface
    Re-melting technique are analyzed, and the process optimization leads to a reduction
    of 45% of the average roughness directly in the SLM process. (C) 2019, IFAC (International
    Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
author:
- first_name: Filippo
  full_name: Simoni, Filippo
  last_name: Simoni
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Huxol, Andrea
  id: '43559'
  last_name: Huxol
- first_name: Franz-Josef
  full_name: Villmer, Franz-Josef
  id: '14290'
  last_name: Villmer
citation:
  ama: Simoni F, Huxol A, Villmer FJ. <i>Approach Towards Surface Improvement in Additively
    Manufactured Tools</i>. Vol 52. Elsevier BV; 2019:254-259. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032">10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032</a>
  apa: Simoni, F., Huxol, A., &#38; Villmer, F.-J. (2019). Approach Towards Surface
    Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools. In <i>13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control
    (IFAC) Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)</i> (Vol. 52, pp. 254–259).
    Elsevier BV. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032</a>
  bjps: '<b>Simoni F, Huxol A and Villmer F-J</b> (2019) <i>Approach Towards Surface
    Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools</i>. Amsterdam [u.a.]: Elsevier BV.'
  chicago: 'Simoni, Filippo, Andrea Huxol, and Franz-Josef Villmer. <i>Approach Towards
    Surface Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools</i>. <i>13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control
    (IFAC) Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)</i>. Vol. 52. IFAC-PapersOnLine.
    Amsterdam [u.a.]: Elsevier BV, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032</a>.'
  chicago-de: 'Simoni, Filippo, Andrea Huxol und Franz-Josef Villmer. 2019. <i>Approach
    Towards Surface Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools</i>. <i>13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control
    (IFAC) Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)</i>. Bd. 52. IFAC-PapersOnLine.
    Amsterdam [u.a.]: Elsevier BV. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032">10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Simoni, Filippo</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Huxol, Andrea</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Villmer,
    Franz-Josef</span>: <i>Approach Towards Surface Improvement in Additively Manufactured
    Tools</i>, <i>IFAC-PapersOnLine</i>. Bd. 52. Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier BV, 2019'
  havard: F. Simoni, A. Huxol, F.-J. Villmer, Approach Towards Surface Improvement
    in Additively Manufactured Tools, Elsevier BV, Amsterdam [u.a.], 2019.
  ieee: 'F. Simoni, A. Huxol, and F.-J. Villmer, <i>Approach Towards Surface Improvement
    in Additively Manufactured Tools</i>, vol. 52. Amsterdam [u.a.]: Elsevier BV,
    2019, pp. 254–259. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032">10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032</a>.'
  mla: Simoni, Filippo, et al. “Approach Towards Surface Improvement in Additively
    Manufactured Tools.” <i>13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC)
    Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)</i>, vol. 52, Elsevier BV,
    2019, pp. 254–59, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032</a>.
  short: F. Simoni, A. Huxol, F.-J. Villmer, Approach Towards Surface Improvement
    in Additively Manufactured Tools, Elsevier BV, Amsterdam [u.a.], 2019.
  ufg: '<b>Simoni, Filippo/Huxol, Andrea/Villmer, Franz-Josef</b>: Approach Towards
    Surface Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools, Bd. 52, Amsterdam [u.a.]
    2019 (IFAC-PapersOnLine).'
  van: 'Simoni F, Huxol A, Villmer FJ. Approach Towards Surface Improvement in Additively
    Manufactured Tools. 13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC)
    Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS). Amsterdam [u.a.]: Elsevier
    BV; 2019. (IFAC-PapersOnLine; vol. 52).'
conference:
  end_date: 2019-08-14
  location: Oshawa, CANADA
  name: 13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC) Workshop on Intelligent
    Manufacturing Systems (IMS)
  start_date: 2019-08-12
date_created: 2025-04-15T09:32:02Z
date_updated: 2025-06-26T13:40:36Z
department:
- _id: DEP7000
doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032
intvolume: '        52'
keyword:
- Direct rapid tooling
- toolmaking
- additive manufacturing process chain
- process control
- production systems
- selective laser melting
- surface roughness
- laser surface re-melting
language:
- iso: eng
page: 254-259
place: Amsterdam [u.a.]
publication: 13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC) Workshop on
  Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2405-8963
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
series_title: IFAC-PapersOnLine
status: public
title: Approach Towards Surface Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 52
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '265'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The maintenance of a tool for injection molding or forming is usually accompanied
    by its disassembly and assembly. The duration of the assembly activities is often
    a large part of the total activity time for the maintenance of the tool. The degree
    of performance of the employees in the execution of these disassembly and assembly
    activities is often low. In addition, allowances occur (e.g. searching for work
    equipment). At the Industrial Engineering Lab of the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University
    of Applied Sciences, a prototype of an assistance system was developed to support
    the assembly activities in toolmaking. With the help of this system, the operator
    is guided step by step through the assembly process. The economic potential of
    the system exists in the reduction of training times, the avoidance of assembly
    errors and the increase of labor productivity.
author:
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Hinrichsen, Sven
  id: '49010'
  last_name: Hinrichsen
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Riediger, Daniel
  id: '52263'
  last_name: Riediger
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Unrau, Alexander
  id: '64690'
  last_name: Unrau
citation:
  ama: 'Hinrichsen S, Riediger D, Unrau A. Development of a Projection-Based Assistance
    System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools. In: IEEE/ IEEM, ed. <i>2017 IEEE
    International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
    (IEEM)</i>. Danvers; 2017:1571-1575. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157">https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157</a>'
  apa: Hinrichsen, S., Riediger, D., &#38; Unrau, A. (2017). Development of a Projection-Based
    Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools. In IEEE/ IEEM (Ed.),
    <i>2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
    Management (IEEM)</i> (pp. 1571–1575). Danvers. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157">https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157</a>
  bjps: <b>Hinrichsen S, Riediger D and Unrau A</b> (2017) Development of a Projection-Based
    Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools. In IEEE/ IEEM (ed.),
    <i>2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
    Management (IEEM)</i>. Danvers, pp. 1571–1575.
  chicago: Hinrichsen, Sven, Daniel Riediger, and Alexander Unrau. “Development of
    a Projection-Based Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools.”
    In <i>2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
    Management (IEEM)</i>, edited by IEEE/ IEEM, 1571–75. Danvers, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157">https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157</a>.
  chicago-de: 'Hinrichsen, Sven, Daniel Riediger und Alexander Unrau. 2017. Development
    of a Projection-Based Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools.
    In: <i>2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
    Management (IEEM)</i>, hg. von IEEE/ IEEM, 1571–1575. Danvers. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157,">https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157,</a>
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hinrichsen, Sven</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Riediger, Daniel</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Unrau,
    Alexander</span>: Development of a Projection-Based Assistance System for Maintaining
    Injection Molding Tools. In: <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">IEEE/ IEEM</span>
    (Hrsg.): <i>2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
    Management (IEEM)</i>. Danvers, 2017, S. 1571–1575'
  havard: 'S. Hinrichsen, D. Riediger, A. Unrau, Development of a Projection-Based
    Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools, in: IEEE/ IEEM (Ed.),
    2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
    (IEEM), Danvers, 2017: pp. 1571–1575.'
  ieee: S. Hinrichsen, D. Riediger, and A. Unrau, “Development of a Projection-Based
    Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools,” in <i>2017 IEEE International
    Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)</i>, Singapore,
    2017, no. 1, pp. 1571–1575.
  mla: Hinrichsen, Sven, et al. “Development of a Projection-Based Assistance System
    for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools.” <i>2017 IEEE International Conference
    on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)</i>, edited by IEEE/
    IEEM, no. 1, 2017, pp. 1571–75, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157">https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157</a>.
  short: 'S. Hinrichsen, D. Riediger, A. Unrau, in: IEEE/ IEEM (Ed.), 2017 IEEE International
    Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), Danvers,
    2017, pp. 1571–1575.'
  ufg: '<b>Hinrichsen, Sven et. al. (2017)</b>: Development of a Projection-Based
    Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools, in: IEEE/ IEEM (Hg.):
    <i>2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
    Management (IEEM)</i>, Danvers, S. 1571–1575.'
  van: 'Hinrichsen S, Riediger D, Unrau A. Development of a Projection-Based Assistance
    System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools. In: IEEE/ IEEM, editor. 2017 IEEE
    International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
    (IEEM). Danvers; 2017. p. 1571–5.'
conference:
  end_date: 2017-12-13
  location: Singapore
  name: 'IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management '
  start_date: 2017-12-10
corporate_editor:
- IEEE/ IEEM
date_created: 2018-11-26T11:59:27Z
date_updated: 2023-03-15T13:49:41Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: DEP7020
- _id: DEP1305
doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157
issue: '1'
keyword:
- injection moulding
- machine tools
- maintenance engineering
- productivity
- projection-based assistance system
- injection molding tools
- assembly activities
- assembly process
- assembly errors
- tool maintenance
- disassembly activities
- economic potential
- Industrial Engineering Lab
- Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences
- toolmaking
- Tools
- Injection molding
- Maintenance engineering
- Usability
- Task analysis
- Workstations
- Morphology
- assembly assistance systems
- assistance systems
- maintenance of injection molding tools
- manual assembly
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1571-1575
place: Danvers
publication: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering
  Management (IEEM)
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '978-1-5386-0948-4 '
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Development of a Projection-Based Assistance System for Maintaining Injection
  Molding Tools
type: conference
user_id: '74004'
year: 2017
...