@misc{8881,
  abstract     = {{Façades cover a significant amount of surfaces in cities and are in constant interaction with the acoustic environment. Noise pollution is one of the most concerning burdens for public health and wellbeing; however, façade acoustic performance is generally not considered in outdoor spaces, in contrast to indoor spaces. This study presents a systematic literature review examining 40 peer-reviewed papers regarding the effects of façades on the urban acoustic environment and the soundscape. Façades affect sound pressure levels and reverberation time in urban spaces and can affect people’s perception of the acoustic environment. The effects are classified into three groups: Effects of façades on the urban acoustic environment, including sound-reflecting, sound-absorbing and sound-producing effects; Effects of façades on the urban soundscape, including auditory and non-auditory effects; Effects of the context on the acoustic environment around façades, including boundary effects and atmospheric effects.
}},
  author       = {{Balderrama, Alvaro and Kang, Jian and Prieto, Alejandro and Luna-Navarro, Alessandra and Arztmann, Daniel and Knaack, Ulrich}},
  booktitle    = {{Sustainability / Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)}},
  issn         = {{2071-1050 }},
  keywords     = {{façade, building envelope, acoustics, acoustic environment, soundscape, urban comfort}},
  number       = {{14}},
  publisher    = {{mdpi}},
  title        = {{{Effects of Façades on Urban Acoustic Environment and Soundscape: A Systematic Review}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159670}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@inproceedings{5847,
  abstract     = {{Urban noise pollution is a major environmental health problem. International organizations are making efforts to prevent health damage due to high levels of noise in cities, but the design of the built environment typically neglects the acoustic impact of architectural projects. Building facades, covering a substantial part of the vertical surfaces of the urban fabric, have a significant effect on the wellbeing of the population and on the environmental impact of buildings. Facade geometries and materials interact with the diversity of sounds in the city composing soundscapes that influence the health, comfort, and productivity of people inside and outside of buildings. This study gives an overview of the elements involved in the composition of the urban soundscape and revises the potential effects of sound-reflective and sound-absorptive facades. With the purpose of exemplifying the integration of acoustic data into facade design processes, a parametric design workflow is developed to experiment with acoustic simulations of a street environment, alternating between sound-reflective and sound-absorptive facades.}},
  author       = {{Balderrama, Alvaro and Arztmann, Daniel and Schulz, Jens-Uwe}},
  booktitle    = {{Facade Tectonics 2020 World Congress}},
  keywords     = {{acoustics, sustainability, computational design, parametric workflows}},
  location     = {{Los Angeles}},
  title        = {{{Influence of Façade Materials on the Acoustic Environment}}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@inproceedings{5848,
  abstract     = {{Urban noise pollution is a major environmental health problem. International organizations are making efforts to prevent health damage due to high levels of noise in cities, but the design of the built environment typically neglects the acoustic impact of architectural projects. Building facades, covering a substantial part of the vertical surfaces of the urban fabric, have a significant effect on the wellbeing of the population and on the environmental impact of buildings. Facade geometries and materials interact with the diversity of sounds in the city composing soundscapes that influence the health, comfort, and productivity of people inside and outside of buildings. This study gives an overview of the elements involved in the composition of the urban soundscape and revises the potential effects of sound-reflective and sound-absorptive facades. With the purpose of exemplifying the integration of acoustic data into facade design processes, a parametric design workflow is developed to experiment with acoustic simulations of a street environment, alternating between sound-reflective and sound-absorptive facades.}},
  author       = {{Arztmann, Daniel and Ramirez, Jhosangela and Mena Lozada , Tomas}},
  booktitle    = {{Facade Tectonics 2020 World Congress}},
  keywords     = {{acoustics, sustainability, computational design, parametric workflows}},
  location     = {{Los Angeles}},
  title        = {{{Facade 4.0 – The new digital life-cycle of the building envelope}}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@inproceedings{5810,
  abstract     = {{In offices and most other working environments a high speech privacy and a low noise level is desired to allow for concentrated work and calm work conditions. Hence a low Speech Transmission Index (STI) is required, as even irrelevant speech information at lower volumes can be extremly disturbing and performance reducing. At the same time working environments demand for other - often conflicting - requirements such as transparency to ensure visual connections and daylight transmission, functional flexibility for diverse activities in the same space and for hygienic, environmental or security aspects. These requirements have to be balanced by a sensible and intelligent design and layout of absorbers and partition elements and partition. Three research projects investigated an optimised design of low and mid frequency absorbers for working environments to improve the acoustic and design quality of different products. Acoustically optimised indoor spaces may become more important in the future due to an increase of hearing impairments in the aging population as well as in the younger generations. This is seen not only as a technical but as a design challenge to balance optimised sound pressure levels, reverberation times and Speech Transmission Indices. © 2016, German Acoustical Society (DEGA). All rights reserved.}},
  author       = {{Kirch, Chirstoph and Pottgiesser, Uta}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Inter-Noise 2016}},
  editor       = {{Kropp, W.}},
  keywords     = {{Additional requirements, Building types, Room acoustics}},
  location     = {{Hamburg}},
  publisher    = {{Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Low and mid frequency design - Implementation of room acoustics in different building types and for different kinds of use}}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

@inproceedings{5207,
  abstract     = {{In offices and most other working environments a high speech privacy and a low noise level is desired to allow for concentrated work and calm work conditions. Hence a low Speech Transmission Index (STI) is required, as even irrelevant speech information at lower volumes can be extremly disturbing and performance reducing. At the same time working environments demand for other - often conflicting - requirements such as transparency to ensure visual connections and daylight transmission, functional flexibility for diverse activities in the same space and for hygienic, environmental or security aspects. These requirements have to be balanced by a sensible and intelligent design and layout of absorbers and partition elements and partition. Three research projects investigated an optimised design of low and mid frequency absorbers for working environments to improve the acoustic and design quality of different products. Acoustically optimised indoor spaces may become more important in the future due to an increase of hearing impairments in the aging population as well as in the younger generations. This is seen not only as a technical but as a design challenge to balance optimised sound pressure levels, reverberation times and Speech Transmission Indices. © 2016, German Acoustical Society (DEGA). All rights reserved.}},
  author       = {{Kirch, Chirstoph and Pottgiesser, Uta}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the INTER-NOISE 2016 - 45th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering: Towards a Quieter Future}},
  keywords     = {{Additional requirements, Building types, Room acoustics}},
  location     = {{Hamburg}},
  pages        = {{3536--3547}},
  publisher    = {{German Acoustical Society (DEGA)}},
  title        = {{{Low and mid frequency design - Implementation of room acoustics in different building types and for different kinds of use}}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}