---
_id: '12228'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau possesses the largest alpine lake system, which
    plays a crucial role in the land-atmosphere interaction. We report first observations
    on the thermal and radiation regime under ice of the largest freshwater lake of
    the Plateau. The results reveal that freshwater lakes on the Tibetan Plateau fully
    mix under ice. Due to strong solar heating, water temperatures increase above
    the maximum density value 1–2 months before the ice break, forming stable thermal
    stratification with subsurface temperatures >6°C. The resulting heat flow from
    water to ice makes a crucial contribution to ice cover melt. After the ice breakup,
    the accumulated heat is released into the atmosphere during 1–2 days, increasing
    lake-atmosphere heat fluxes up to 500 W m−2. The direct biogeochemical consequences
    of the deep convective mixing are aeration of the deep lake waters and upward
    supply of nutrients to the upper photic layer.
author:
- first_name: Georgiy B
  full_name: Kirillin, Georgiy B
  last_name: Kirillin
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Lijuan
  full_name: Wen, Lijuan
  last_name: Wen
citation:
  ama: Kirillin GB, Shatwell T, Wen L. Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau as Solar
    Heat Collectors. <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>. 2021;48(14). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429">10.1029/2021gl093429</a>
  apa: Kirillin, G. B., Shatwell, T., &#38; Wen, L. (2021). Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan
    Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors. <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>, <i>48</i>(14).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429</a>
  bjps: <b>Kirillin GB, Shatwell T and Wen L</b> (2021) Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan
    Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors. <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i> <b>48</b>.
  chicago: Kirillin, Georgiy B, Tom Shatwell, and Lijuan Wen. “Ice‐Covered Lakes of
    Tibetan Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors.” <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>
    48, no. 14 (2021). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429</a>.
  chicago-de: Kirillin, Georgiy B, Tom Shatwell und Lijuan Wen. 2021. Ice‐Covered
    Lakes of Tibetan Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors. <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>
    48, Nr. 14. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429">10.1029/2021gl093429</a>,
    .
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kirillin, Georgiy B</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Shatwell, Tom</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Wen,
    Lijuan</span>: Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors.
    In: <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i> Bd. 48. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley (2021), Nr. 14'
  havard: G.B. Kirillin, T. Shatwell, L. Wen, Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau
    as Solar Heat Collectors, Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (2021).
  ieee: 'G. B. Kirillin, T. Shatwell, and L. Wen, “Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau
    as Solar Heat Collectors,” <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>, vol. 48, no. 14,
    2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429">10.1029/2021gl093429</a>.'
  mla: Kirillin, Georgiy B., et al. “Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau as Solar
    Heat Collectors.” <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>, vol. 48, no. 14, 2021,
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl093429</a>.
  short: G.B. Kirillin, T. Shatwell, L. Wen, Geophysical Research Letters 48 (2021).
  ufg: '<b>Kirillin, Georgiy B./Shatwell, Tom/Wen, Lijuan</b>: Ice‐Covered Lakes of
    Tibetan Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors, in: <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>
    48 (2021), H. 14.'
  van: Kirillin GB, Shatwell T, Wen L. Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau as Solar
    Heat Collectors. Geophysical Research Letters. 2021;48(14).
date_created: 2024-12-08T19:59:08Z
date_updated: 2024-12-11T08:34:29Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1029/2021gl093429
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        48'
issue: '14'
keyword:
- alpine lakes
- extreme environments
- ake-atmosphere interaction
- lake ice
- radiatively driven convection
- winter limnology
language:
- iso: eng
place: Hoboken, NJ
publication: Geophysical Research Letters
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1944-8007
  issn:
  - 0094-8276
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Ice‐Covered Lakes of Tibetan Plateau as Solar Heat Collectors
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 48
year: '2021'
...