@misc{11997, abstract = {{In Germany, individuals unable or not yet able to return to the general labor market due to disabilities are employed in sheltered workshops which are called WfbM (“Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen”). These organizations are required to earn the wages for the aforementioned group of people by offering market services. These services include, in particular, assembly activities. However, WfbM face the challenge that customer orders tend to become more complex, especially as a result of an increased number of product variants. This development not only has an impact on the work in WfbM, but also makes it much more difficult to achieve the desired inclusion of people with disabilities in the general labor market. Bearing this in mind, the research question addressed in this article can be stated as such: How far can the use of an informational assistance system compensate for performance deficits of people with disabilities in the context of assembly? The results of the conducted laboratory study show that the implementation of an assistance system can help to reduce existing barriers and challenges resulting from the mismatch between requirements of the general labor market and the performance characteristics of people with cognitive impairments. Practical Relevance: For people with disabilities, the use of assistance systems opens up new opportunities for participation in the general labor market and thus makes an important contribution to implementing the requirements of the “Bundesteilhabegesetz” (a law to strengthen participation of people with disabilities in Germany).}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft (ZfA)}}, issn = {{2366-4681}}, keywords = {{Informational Assistance System, People with Disabilities, Manual Assembly, Image Processing System, Laboratory Study}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{240--253}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag GmbH }}, title = {{{Potentials of an informational assembly assistance system for persons with cognitive disabilities — Results of a laboratory study}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s41449-024-00414-9}}, volume = {{78}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{12797, abstract = {{Sheltered workshops face the challenge of meeting their manufacturing objectives while considering the individual competenciesand assistance needs of persons with disabilities. Moreover, work processes in sheltered workshops are weakly structured, allowing for frequent task interruptions and changes based on the preferences of impaired work persons. While the Industry 4.0 literature provides many real-time scheduling algorithms for incorporating multiple objectives and constraints, these algorithms fall short of the characteristics of sheltered workshops. The resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) is an optimization problem for computing manufacturing plans considering multiple objectives and resource constraints. Among many different RCPSP variants proposed in the literature, the multi-skill RCPSP (MSRCPSP) variant considers the individual skills of work persons when generating manufacturing plans. With the ongoing digital transformation of enterprises, new assistance systems enter the market, providing individual support to impaired work persons and compensating for lacking skills and abilities. This paper proposes an MSRCPSP variant that incorporates assistance systems and learning tasks compensating for competence gaps in the skill matrix of impaired work persons. Furthermore, it decomposes tasks into individual work objects, which accounts for frequent task interruptions and task preferences of work persons. The algorithm is described and demonstrated using a manufacturing data set from an actual sheltered workshop. In a small evaluation study, the algorithm is tested by scheduling two impaired work persons in the assembly department of a medium-sized manufacturing company in the primary labor market. The evaluation study proves its real-world applicability and the suitability of scheduling algorithms for participation and inclusive work. }}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Mordaschew, Viktoria and Tackenberg, Sven}}, booktitle = {{5th International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing (ISM)}}, editor = {{Longo, F. and Shen, W. and Padovano, A.}}, issn = {{1877-0509}}, keywords = {{Scheduling, Sheltered Workshops, Assistance System, Persons with Disabilities}}, location = {{Lisbon, PORTUGAL}}, pages = {{1329--1338}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{A multi-skill RCPSP variant for persons with disabilities in sheltered workshops}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.procs.2024.01.131}}, volume = {{232}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{13351, abstract = {{Sheltered workshops face the challenge of meeting their manufacturing objectives while considering the individual competencies and assistance needs of persons with disabilities. Moreover, work processes in sheltered workshops are weakly structured, allowing for frequent task interruptions and changes based on the preferences of impaired work persons. While the Industry 4.0 literature provides many real-time scheduling algorithms for incorporating multiple objectives and constraints, these algorithms fall short of the characteristics of sheltered workshops. The resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) is an optimization problem for computing manufacturing plans considering multiple objectives and resource constraints. Among many different RCPSP variants proposed in the literature, the multi-skill RCPSP (MSRCPSP) variant considers the individual skills of work persons when generating manufacturing plans. With the ongoing digital transformation of enterprises, new assistance systems enter the market, providing individual support to impaired work persons and compensating for lacking skills and abilities. This paper proposes an MSRCPSP variant that incorporates assistance systems and learning tasks compensating for competence gaps in the skill matrix of impaired work persons. Furthermore, it decomposes tasks into individual work objects, which accounts for frequent task interruptions and task preferences of work persons. The algorithm is described and demonstrated using a manufacturing data set from an actual sheltered workshop. In a small evaluation study, the algorithm is tested by scheduling two impaired work persons in the assembly department of a medium-sized manufacturing company in the primary labor market. The evaluation study proves its real-world applicability and the suitability of scheduling algorithms for participation and inclusive work.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Mordaschew, Viktoria and Tackenberg, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Procedia Computer Science}}, issn = {{1877-0509}}, keywords = {{Scheduling, Sheltered Workshops, Assistance System, Persons with Disabilities}}, pages = {{1329--1338}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{A multi-skill RCPSP variant for persons with disabilities in sheltered workshops}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.procs.2024.01.131}}, volume = {{232}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{11445, abstract = {{Predicting human decisions is a central challenge for planning and controlling production with weakly structured processes. Thus, workers’ decisions regarding the processing strategies and the temporal sequence of tasks to be processed are to be determined prospectively. Accordingly, there is a need to review methods for preference elicitation to develop individual predictive decision models. This paper presents a systematic literature review and discussion of 42 publications on predictive decision models and decision attributes. Methods for eliciting decision-making knowledge from manufacturing workers as part of the modeling process and decision model validation methods are reviewed and discussed in light of their predictive validity for individual task selection. The article synthesizes the recent literature for predicting human decision-making in manufacturing using artificial intelligence methods. Along with the review results, a future research agenda is proposed for modeling and simulating human decision-making in manufacturing. Knowledge about human preferences and the successful prediction of workers’ decision-making in manufacturing helps companies predict manufacturing objectives and derive organizational and work design measures.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Tackenberg, Sven and Nitsch, Verena}}, booktitle = {{IEEE Access}}, issn = {{2169-3536}}, keywords = {{Artificial intelligence, assistance system, human decision-making, manufacturing}}, pages = {{141172--141191}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Predicting Human Decision-Making for Task Selection in Manufacturing: A Systematic Literature Review}}}, doi = {{10.1109/access.2023.3340626}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{9358, abstract = {{Real-time human-centered assistance in industrial processes depends on the individual history of the work person’s activities in the work system and requires adequate methods for tracking the person’s actions. Most research in human activity recognition is based on recognizing actions from video data using computer vision methods. Digital equipment, standardized machine data interfaces, and smart wearable devices extend the possibilities to describe the current state of the work system. Petri nets have already been applied to human activity recognition, however, without the requirement of detecting actions in real-time. This paper proposes a Petri net architecture that enables hierarchical description-based human activity recognition in industrial work processes. We present an extension, a Partitioned Colored Petri Net, based on the colored Petri net formalism that infers activities from state transitions of the work system in real-time. In a case study, we demonstrate the Petri net’s application for an error-based learning system that visualizes error consequences in augmented reality using experimentable digital twins.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Atanasyan, Alexander and Casser, Felix and Tackenberg, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Procedia Computer Science}}, issn = {{1877-0509}}, keywords = {{Colored Petri net, Human-centered Assistance, Experimentable Digital Twins}}, location = {{Österreich}}, pages = {{1188--199}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, title = {{{A Petri Net Architecture for Real-Time Human Activity Recognition in Work Systems}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.12.317}}, volume = {{217}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{10783, abstract = {{The development trend in manual assembly towards increasing demands in terms of quality, variety, and cost pressure makes the transition for people with cognitive disabilities to the general labor market extremely difficult. Nevertheless, this employment sector is a central component of many activities in a sheltered workshop. Therefore, this paper investigates the use of an informational assistance system for persons with cognitive impairments to close the gap between the characteristics of this group and the operational requirements. In this way, the transition from the sheltered workshop to the general labor market will be facilitated and promoted.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction & Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2023): Artificial Intelligence & Future Applications}}, issn = {{2771-0718}}, keywords = {{Manual Assembly, Informational Assistance System, Image Processing System, People with Disabilities}}, location = {{NIzza}}, pages = {{548--556}}, publisher = {{AHFE International}}, title = {{{Informational Assistance System – a Key to Self-Empowerment of Persons with Cognitive Disabilities in Manual Assembly?}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe1004061}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{10962, abstract = {{The increasing number of product artifacts (e.g., mechanical or electronic components, software functions, documents) confronts small and medium-sized companies with the challenge of assessing change effects. The lack of knowledge of artifact relationships causes problems, such as outdated documentation, lack of coordination with affected disciplines, or delayed changes. The Design Structure Matrix (DSM) can clearly represent the elements and relationships of complex systems. This paper presents an assistance system for intuitive visualization of engineering change effects using existing DSM-based methods for complexity management. The implemented algorithms compute graph layouts, cluster analyses, and change predictions in the form of change risk, time, and cost. An application example of a 3D-printed intelligent lamp demonstrates the approach's viability. The paper concludes with a discussion of the benefits and future activities.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Tackenberg, Sven and Trojanowski, Christoph and Pankrath, Carolin and Imort, Sebastian and Deuter, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{DS 126: Proceedings of the 25th International DSM Conference (DSM 2023)}}, editor = {{Stowe, Harold and Browning, Tyson R. and Eppinger, Steven D. and Trauer, Jakob and Langner, Christopher and Kreimeyer, Matthias and Isaksson, Ola and Panarotto, Massimo and Brahma, Arindam}}, keywords = {{Graph-based Visualization, Assistance System, Engineering Change Management, Complexity Management}}, location = {{Gothenburg, Sweden}}, pages = {{58--67}}, publisher = {{The Design Society}}, title = {{{Assistance System for graph-based 3D Visualization of Design Structure Matrices}}}, doi = {{10.35199/dsm2023.07}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{7739, abstract = {{Employees in mixed-model assembly perform much informational work by constantly making decisions about the part to be assembled, the tool to be used or the working method to be applied. The proportion of informational work in manual assembly is likely to increase, since more and more products are configured according to customer demands and additional functions are integrated. Whereas assembly has so far been understood primarily as energetic work, the informational aspects of assembly work will have to be considered to a greater extent in the future. Assembly system design is thus more and more a domain of cognitive ergonomics, whereas in the past the focus was on biomechanical aspects. Taking this into consideration, the design of assembly instructions in line with individual requirements is becoming increasingly important. This article therefore discusses important design principles of such instructions.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Bläsing, Dominic}}, booktitle = {{Human Interaction & Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2022): Artificial Intelligence & Future Applications }}, editor = {{Ahram, Tareq and Taiar, Redha }}, keywords = {{Assembly Instruction, Compatibility, Assistance System Manual Assembly, Information Management}}, location = {{Lausanne}}, publisher = {{AHFE Open Access}}, title = {{{How to Design Assembly Instructions}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe100838}}, volume = {{23}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{9666, abstract = {{In mechanical engineering, individual functional units of a machine are often assembled by one operator at single workstations or at one-piece flow lines. Based on the order information, the required parts are taken from flow racks and assembled step by step to build a functional unit. The existing assembly concepts have two decisive disadvantages in operational practice. First, a large number of components to be provided leads to long walking distances at the work station or line. Second, as the complexity of the assembly task increases, the informational portion of the work increases, so that paper-based information provision can lead to unnecessary assembly errors and additional times. For these reasons, a compacted assembly system has been developed in which, firstly, material is supplied via driven carousels and, secondly, the necessary information is provided to the operator via a cognitive assistance system. The article shows that this concept can reduce walking distances while avoiding assembly errors and additional times.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Nikolenko, Alexander and Beckmann, Nils and Meyer, Frederic}}, booktitle = {{IEEM2022 : IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) : Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 07-10 December 2022 }}, isbn = {{978-1-6654-8688-0}}, keywords = {{assembly system, assistance system, complexity}}, location = {{Kuala Lumpur}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Development of a New Type of Carousel-based Compacted Work System for Mixed-model Assembly in Mechanical Engineering}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ieem55944.2022.9989731}}, year = {{2022}}, } @misc{12810, abstract = {{Recent studies on assistance systems show that adaptive support for users is becoming increasingly important, as this is a promising approach to ensure acceptance, learning support, and appropriate assistance in the long term. Developers of assistance systems are therefore faced with the challenge of designing various dimensions of adaptivity in such a way that they are conducive to acceptance and support. In this paper, we consider the different dimensions and options for the adaptation of assembly assistance and present the results of a first survey to investigate users' expectations regarding the adaptability of assembly assistance systems. Our evaluation shows that users have clear preferences concerning the control over adaptation and adaptation goals, while other aspects of adaptation assistance do not indicate a clear tendency. The results of this survey should serve as a decision support in the design phase of adaptive assistance systems to choose between different implementation options and concepts.}}, author = {{Heinz-Jakobs, Mario and Oestreich, Hendrik and Wrede, Sebastian and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{2022 15th International Conference on Human System Interaction (HSI)}}, editor = {{De Silva, Daswin and Ruminski , Jacek and Manic, Milos }}, issn = {{978-1-6654-6823-7}}, keywords = {{adaptivity, assistance systems, survey, human-centred design, interaction design, self-adaptive systems}}, location = {{Melbourne, AUSTRALIA}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{User Expectations Regarding Design Dimensions of Adapative Assistance Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1109/hsi55341.2022.9869509}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{6925, abstract = {{The compatibility concept is widely used in psychology and ergonomics. It describes the fit between elements of a sociotechnical system which is a prerequisite to successfully cooperate towards a common goal. For at least three decades, cognitive compatibility is of increasing importance. It describes the fit of externally presented information, information processing, and the required motor action. However, with increasing system complexity, probability for incompatibility increases, too, leading to time losses, errors and overall degraded performance. The elimination of cognitive incompatibilities through ergonomic measures at the workplace requires a lot of creativity and effort. Using practical examples from mixed-model assembly, improved information management and the use of informational assistance systems are discussed as promising ergonomic approaches. The ultimate goal is to avoid cognitive overload, for example in part picking or assembly tools choosing. To find a fit between externally mediated work instructions via displays and the subjectively used internal models and competencies is a challenging task. Only if this fit is given the system is perceived as beneficial. To achieve this, the assistance system should be configurable to fit individual needs as far as possible. Successful system design requires early participation and comprehensive integration of the assistance systems into the existing IT infrastructure. Practical relevance: Varied manual assembly requires a high degree of cognitive work. A rise in complexity of the assembly task increases the risk that cognitive incompatibility and thus cognitive overload will occur more frequently. It is shown that such unhealthy conditions can be countered by better information presentation and by the use of individually adaptable informational assistance systems.}}, author = {{Bläsing, Dominic and Bornewasser, Manfred and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, issn = {{0340-2444}}, journal = {{Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft}}, keywords = {{Compatibility, Mental model, Mental workload, Multi-model assembly, Informational assistance systems}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Cognitive compatibility in modern manual mixed-model assembly systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s41449-021-00296-1}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{7035, abstract = {{Technological progress, upcoming cyber-physical systems, and limited resources confront small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with the challenge of complexity management in product development projects spanning over the entire product lifecycle. SMEs require a solution for documenting and analyzing the functional relationships between multiple domains such as products, software, and processes. The German research project FuPEP “Funktionsorientiertes Komplexitätsmanagement in allen Phasen der Produktentstehung” aims to address this issue by developing an assistance system that supports product developers by visualizing functional relationships. This paper presents the methodology and results of the assistance system’s requirements elicitation with two SMEs. Conducting the elicitation during a global pandemic, we discuss its application using specific techniques in light of COVID-19. We model problems and their effects regarding complexity management in product development in a system dynamics model. The most important requirements and use cases elicited are presented, and the requirements elicitation methodology and results are discussed. Additionally, we present a multilayer software architecture design of the assistance system. Our case study suggests a relationship between fear of a missing project focus among project participants and the restriction of requirements elicitation techniques to those possible via web conferencing tools.}}, author = {{Herrmann, Jan-Phillip and Imort, Sebastian and Trojanowski, Christoph and Deuter, Andreas}}, issn = {{2073-431X}}, journal = {{Computers}}, keywords = {{complexity management, assistance system, product development, systems engineering, design structure matrix, asset administration shell}}, number = {{11}}, title = {{{Requirements Elicitation for an Assistance System for Complexity Management in Product Development of SMEs during COVID-19: A Case Study}}}, doi = {{10.3390/computers10110149}}, volume = {{10}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{4897, abstract = {{Assistance is becoming increasingly relevant in carrying out industrial work in the context of cyber-physical production systems (CPPSs) and Industry 4.0. While assistance in a single task via a single interaction modality has been explored previously, crossdevice interaction could improve the quality of assistance, especially given the concurrent and distributed nature of work in CPPSs. In this paper, we present the theoretical foundations and implementation of MiWSICx (Middleware for Work Support in Industrial Contexts), a middleware that showcases how multiple interactive computing devices such as tablets, smartphones, augmented/virtual reality glasses, and wearables could be combined to provide crossdevice industrial assistance. Based on activity theory, MiWSICx models human work as activities combining multiple users, artifacts, and cyber-physical objects. MiWSICx is developed using the actor model for deployment on a variety of hardware alongside a CPPS to provide multiuser, crossdevice, multiactivity assistance.}}, author = {{Dhiman, Hitesh and Röcker, Carsten}}, issn = {{2288-4300 }}, journal = {{Journal of Computational Design and Engineering}}, keywords = {{human–technology interaction, human–computer interaction, crossdevice interaction, cyber-physical systems, assistance, smart factory, middleware, actor model, information system design, industry 4.0}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{428--451}}, publisher = {{Oxford University Press}}, title = {{{Middleware for providing activity-driven assistance in cyber-physical production systems}}}, doi = {{10.1093/jcde/qwaa088}}, volume = {{8}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inbook{6884, abstract = {{Product variety and short product life cycles are characteristic features of modern assembly systems. When variety gets very high, assembly processes usually become very complex, leading to time losses, human errors, and other negative impacts of system performance. In order to prevent such performance declines different informational assistance systems become part of manual assembly systems, offering additional instructions concerning handling and insertion. Otherwise, such systems can result in additional cognitive load rather than decreasing it. Using mobile physiological measures like heart rate variability (HRV) and eye movements just in time changes of overall cognitive load are detectable. As expected, these data indicate increases of mental workload when task demands are becoming more complex. Practical and theoretical concerns, limitations and chances will be discussed.}}, author = {{Bläsing, Dominic and Hinrichsen, Sven and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Ahram , T. and Taiar, R. and Gremeaux-Bader , V. and Aminian, K.}}, isbn = {{9783030442668}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Assembly assistance systems, Manual assembly, Cognitive load, Physiological measurement, Heart rate variability}}, pages = {{495 -- 500}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Reduction of Cognitive Load in Complex Assembly Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-44267-5_75}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inbook{6917, abstract = {{The Industrial Engineering Laboratory at the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts researches the user-centered, customer-oriented and efficient design of work and production systems. Its research focuses on investigating different technologies from the context of digitalization in industrial production. Software used to digitally support work processes must be adapted specifically to work systems. It is difficult to take various user requirements into account in standard software. Therefore, IT experts must continuously adapt software in order to make it suitable for different applications. One possible alternative is for software applications to be designed by industrial engineering or users themselves. In low-code programming, in contrast to classic software development, it is possible to create software applications without extensive programming knowledge. In the laboratory, a teaching unit on app development using a low-code platform was designed. It was integrated into an existing teaching concept for industrial engineers, then evaluated using a questionnaire.}}, author = {{Adrian, Benjamin and Hinrichsen, Sven and Nikolenko, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Nunes, I.}}, isbn = {{9783030513689}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Cognitive assistance systems, Low-code programming, Didactics}}, pages = {{45--51}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{App Development via Low-Code Programming as Part of Modern Industrial Engineering Education}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-51369-6_7}}, volume = {{1207}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inbook{6918, abstract = {{Manual assembly is shaped by increasing product complexity with higher scope of work and fluctuating demands. To cope with these changes, employees need to collect and process more information. Companies, therefore, face a wide range of challenges, particularly in terms of information supply. Informational assistance systems provide employees with cognitive support, helping to manage complexity. To evaluate the potentials of such systems a laboratory study is accomplished at the Laboratory for Industrial Engineering of the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts. In this paper, selected results of the laboratory study are presented and recommendations for a configuration of assembly assistance systems are derived from the results.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Nunes, I.}}, isbn = {{9783030513689}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Informational assistance systems, Manual assembly, Human-machine interaction, Laboratory studies}}, pages = {{25--31}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{How to Configure Assembly Assistance Systems – Results of a Laboratory Study}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-51369-6_4}}, volume = {{1207}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inproceedings{1903, abstract = {{Because of the trend towards smaller batch sizes and customer-specific products, employees in assembly have to absorb and process more and more information. With the help of assistance systems, the process of information absorption and processing can be designed in a more economical and human-oriented way. Despite the potentials of such systems, companies pay too little attention to the informational design of assembly systems, resulting in a number of significant deficits in information management. To identify such deficits in operational practice, a questionnaire has been developed. This allows the potential use of informational assistance systems for an assembly system to be estimated. In this article, results from an exploratory factor analysis of the developed instrument will be presented and interpreted as a basis for the further development of the questionnaire.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Human Factors and Systems Interaction AHFE 2019}}, editor = {{Nunes, Isabel L.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-20039-8}}, keywords = {{Complexity evaluation, Manual assembly, Questionnaire, Work analysis method, Assistance systems, Exploratory factor analysis}}, location = {{Washington D.C., USA}}, pages = {{3--11}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Method for Measuring the Application Potential of Assembly Assistance Systems}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20040-4_1}}, volume = {{959}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inproceedings{1904, abstract = {{As the number of variations increases and batch sizes grow smaller, it can be difficult to fulfill quality and productivity requirements in manual assembly, as employees must record, process and interpret more information, then convert that information into action. Conventional instruction manuals in the form of text, tables or drawings quickly reach their limits. Innovative assistance systems are essential for keeping up with these changes, as they instruct and support employees in line with their specific situations. The goal of this article is to use a case study to illustrate the problems with providing information in manual assembly, and to suggest a potential solution in the form of an informational assistance system. The company considered in the case study stands out for its large production areas where complex, customer-specific truck bodies are mounted manually.}}, author = {{Nikolenko, Alexander and Sehr, Philip and Hinrichsen, Sven and Bendzioch, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Human Factors and Systems Interaction AHFE 2019}}, editor = {{Nunes, Isabel L.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-20039-8}}, issn = {{2194-5357}}, keywords = {{Manual assembly, Assembly assistance systems, Industry 4.0, Information delivery}}, location = {{Washington D.C., USA}}, pages = {{24--33}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Digital Assembly Assistance Systems – A Case Study}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20040-4_3}}, volume = {{959}}, year = {{2020}}, } @inproceedings{1900, abstract = {{More and more complex products are being fitted in small batches in manual assembly. Because of this, more information needs to be collected from employees and implemented in appropriate actions. At the same time, the informational design of assembly systems often shows deficits in operational practice. Manual assembly processes can be made more economical, reliable, and human-oriented with the help of informational assistance systems. Testing was carried out in the Laboratory for Industrial Engineering at the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts to verify this potential. Initial results on the use of augmented reality (AR) glasses in comparison to providing information in a paper-based format are presented.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Bläsing, Dominic and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Human Systems Engineering and Design II Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design (IHSED2019)}}, editor = {{Ahram, T. and Karwowski, W. and Pickl, S. and Taiar, R.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-27927-1}}, keywords = {{Worker assistance system, Manual assembly, Human-machine interaction, Informational complexity}}, location = {{Universität der Bundeswehr, München}}, pages = {{20--25}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature}}, title = {{{Comparison of Different Assembly Assistance Systems Under Ergonomic and Economic Aspects}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27928-8_4}}, volume = {{1026}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{1901, abstract = {{As customers’ options for configuring products to match their requirements increase, the number of assembly variants grows. Due to this large number of variants, assembly processes often cannot be automated in an economical way, and manual assembly remains highly important. Additional support options must be implemented to continue completing manual assembly processes reliably in the future. Image processing systems are one promising approach. The purpose of this paper is to establish the potential offered by industrial image processing in manual assembly, building on fundamental concepts, as well as to identify requirements and provide recommendations for selecting and arranging system components. }}, author = {{Nikolenko, Alexander and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Human Systems Engineering and Design II. IHSED 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Ahram, T. and Karwowski, W. and Pickl, S. and Taiar, R.}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-27927-1}}, keywords = {{Industrial image processing, Manual assembly, Assistance systems, Machine vision}}, location = {{Universität der Bundeswehr, München}}, pages = {{795--800}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature}}, title = {{{Potential of Industrial Image Processing in Manual Assembly}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27928-8_121}}, volume = {{1026}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{611, abstract = {{Empirical research shows that the informational design of manual assembly systems is becoming increasingly important in the light of growing complexity. Assembly assistance systems supply employees with information according to their needs and individual situation. This article aims to present important principles for the design of informational assembly assistance systems. The empirical basis for these principles is formed by projects involving the introduction of informational assistance systems for assembly work. The trends and design recommendations are explained using a model, which illustrates important associations between the complexity of assembly tasks, the demands on the mental capacity of employees, work productivity and the use of assembly assistance systems.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}}, editor = {{Karwowski, Waldemar and Ahram, Tareq}}, isbn = {{978-3-030-11050-5}}, issn = {{2194-5365}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Manual assembly, Cognitive ergonomics}}, location = {{San Diego, USA}}, pages = {{286--292}}, publisher = {{Springer International Publishing}}, title = {{{How to Design Assembly Assistance Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-030-11051-2_44}}, year = {{2019}}, } @article{222, abstract = {{Die Komplexität in der manuellen Montage steigt. In der sog. Mehrprodukt- oder Variantenmontage hat der Beschäftigte permanent zwischen verschiedenen Alternativen auszuwählen. Dies betrifft z.B. zu montierende Teile, Werkzeuge, Fügeverfahren oder Hilfsmittel, die in ganz unterschiedlichen Kombinationen zu verwenden sind. Der Montageprozess wird dadurch aus Sicht des Beschäftigten zu einem kontinuierlichen Auswahlprozess. Dieser stellt zunehmend höhere informatorische und kognitive Anforderungen und steigert die mentale Beanspruchung. Dies hat negative Auswirkungen auf die Arbeitsproduktivität. Informatorische Assistenzsysteme gelten als geeignete Instrumente, moderierenden Einfluss auf diese Entwicklung zu nehmen. Entscheidende Stellgrößen dabei betreffen Fragen, wie komplex die Anforderungen und wie ausgeprägt die subjektiven Ressourcen sowie die mentalen Beanspruchungen sind. Aus diesen Überlegungen werden Empfehlungen zur Gestaltung von informatorischen Assistenzsystemen abgeleitet.}}, author = {{Bornewasser, Manfred and Hinrichsen, Sven and Bläsing, Dominic}}, issn = {{0340-2444}}, journal = {{Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft}}, keywords = {{Complexity, Mental workload, Objective measurement, Informational assistance systems, Cognitive ergonomics}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{264--275}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Informatorische Assistenzsysteme in der manuellen Montage: Ein nützliches Werkzeug zur Reduktion mentaler Beanspruchung?}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-018-0123-x}}, volume = {{72}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{4321, abstract = {{Recent research has shown that computer-based Assistive Technology (AT) has the potential to support individuals with disabilities in production environments. At the same time, step-by-step instructions enable workers to be successful in their performance of industrial tasks that were formerly difficult to accomplish. We merged these two types of intervention and developed an application running on a mobile device that can assist disabled workers working more independently. In an evaluation study, we investigated how our assistive system affects the task efficiency as well as participants’ subjective evaluation. Results show advantages when using the assistive prototype with regard to users’ task efficiency and subjective evaluations.}}, author = {{Aksu, Volkan and Jenderny, Sascha and Martinez, Sascha and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{Providing Context-Sensitive Mobile Assistance for People with Disabilities in the Workplace}}, editor = {{Di Bucchianico, Giuseppe }}, isbn = {{978-3-319-94621-4}}, keywords = {{Assistive technology, People with disabilities : Human computer interaction : Industry 4.0, Inclusion, Context-sensitive assistance, Step-by-step instructions, Production, Mobile assistance}}, location = {{Orlando, Florida, USA}}, pages = {{3--14}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Providing Context-Sensitive Mobile Assistance for People with Disabilities in the Workplace}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-319-94622-1_1}}, volume = {{776}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{4323, abstract = {{The latest generation of head-mounted displays such as HoloLens pro- vide mixed reality capabilities that claim to better integrate the real and virtual worlds. In this paper, we would like the share our experiences in implementing a user interface for an assembly assistance system using the HoloLens. We carried out a preliminary evaluation of the applicability of mixed reality using the per- spective of developers and expert users in an assembly scenario that allows us to operate and compare two interfaces - a state-of-the-art projector display system and the HoloLens. We believe our findings may contribute towards a better un- derstanding of the effects of new display technologies such as the HoloLens in developing and using assistance systems in other fields as well. Areas that may be of future research are also highlighted.}}, author = {{Dhiman, Hitesh and Martinez, Sascha and Paelke, Volker and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations}}, editor = {{Fui-Hoon Nah, Fiona and Sophia Xiao, Bo}}, isbn = {{978-3-319-91715-3}}, keywords = {{Human machine interaction, Assembly assistance system, Qualitative study, HoloLens}}, location = {{Las Vegas, NV, USA}}, pages = {{67--78}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Head-Mounted Displays in Industrial AR-Applications: Ready for Prime Time?}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-319-91716-0_6}}, volume = {{10923}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{265, abstract = {{The maintenance of a tool for injection molding or forming is usually accompanied by its disassembly and assembly. The duration of the assembly activities is often a large part of the total activity time for the maintenance of the tool. The degree of performance of the employees in the execution of these disassembly and assembly activities is often low. In addition, allowances occur (e.g. searching for work equipment). At the Industrial Engineering Lab of the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences, a prototype of an assistance system was developed to support the assembly activities in toolmaking. With the help of this system, the operator is guided step by step through the assembly process. The economic potential of the system exists in the reduction of training times, the avoidance of assembly errors and the increase of labor productivity.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Riediger, Daniel and Unrau, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)}}, isbn = {{978-1-5386-0948-4 }}, keywords = {{injection moulding, machine tools, maintenance engineering, productivity, projection-based assistance system, injection molding tools, assembly activities, assembly process, assembly errors, tool maintenance, disassembly activities, economic potential, Industrial Engineering Lab, Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences, toolmaking, Tools, Injection molding, Maintenance engineering, Usability, Task analysis, Workstations, Morphology, assembly assistance systems, assistance systems, maintenance of injection molding tools, manual assembly}}, location = {{Singapore}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{1571--1575}}, title = {{{Development of a Projection-Based Assistance System for Maintaining Injection Molding Tools}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290157}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{4255, abstract = {{Increasingly, production processes are enabled and controlled by Information Technology (IT), a development being also referred to as “Industry 4.0”. IT thereby contributes to flexible and adaptive production processes, and in this sense factories become “smart factories”. In line with this, IT also more and more supports human workers via various assistance systems. This support aims to both support workers to better execute their tasks and to reduce the effort and time required when working. However, due to the large spectrum of assistance systems, it is hard to acquire an overview and to select an adequate system for a smart factory based on meaningful criteria. We therefore synthesize a set of comparison criteria into a consistent framework and demonstrate the application of our framework by classifying three examples.}}, author = {{Fellmann, Michael and Robert, Sebastian and Büttner, Sebastian and Mucha, Henrik and Röcker, Carsten}}, booktitle = {{ Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction : First IFIP TC 5, WG 8.4, 8.9, 12.9 International Cross-Domain Conference, CD-MAKE 2017, Reggio, Italy, August 29 – September 1, 2017, Proceedings}}, editor = {{Holzinger, Andreas}}, isbn = {{978-3-319-66807-9}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Smart factory, Production processes}}, location = {{Reggio, Italy}}, pages = {{59--68}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Towards a Framework for Assistance Systems to Support Work Processes in Smart Factories}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-319-66808-6_5}}, volume = {{10410}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{578, abstract = {{Challenges of companies are presented by an increasing number of product variants or a growing product complexity in combination with a reduction of lot size. Therefore the scope of the work in the field of manual assembly will be more complex. This situation leads to a need of assistance systems. With these systems, the assembly workers will be qualified to execute their work tasks within the requirements. This approach set up on a further implementation of an assistance system at a great device manufacturer. The main focus of this implementation was the technical and functional design of the assistance system, but a successful implementation requires also an active handling of the change process. The purpose of this paper is the presentation of design principles in form of a process model for the implementation of digital assistance systems. The development of the design principles takes place in a participative approach. Executives, work councilsand workers develop the project results together with external project members. Project managers will be able to manage implementation processes with the results and take all the success factors into account.}}, author = {{Kleineberg, Tim and Eichelberg, Matthias and Hinrichsen, Sven}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Change management, Success factors, Process model}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{25--36}}, title = {{{Participative Development of an Implementation Process for Worker Assistance Systems}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{584, abstract = {{Due to the continuing trend towards more complexity of products with an increasing number of variants and smaller lot sizes, the assembly often takes place -despite relatively high labor costs in Western industrialized nations -manually or partially automated. An outsourcing or relocation of assembly function abroad is not suitable in most cases.Therefore, it is increasingly important to reduce process variations and waste in manual assembly processes. Assistance systems have the potential, depending on the situation, to assist the worker in his work, to reduce error rate and to increase productivity. In a first part of the paper an overview will be given to different types of assembly assistance systems. Then a morphological chart is developed, which can provide assistance in selecting or comparing assembly assistance systems. With the help of this chart an assembly assistant system is presented. Finally a quick look is taken at further research being done in this area.}}, author = {{Hinrichsen, Sven and Riediger, Daniel and Unrau, Alexander}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Assistance systems, Manual assembly, Morphology}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{01}}, pages = {{3--14}}, title = {{{Assistance Systems in Manual Assembly}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{2128, abstract = {{We present the concept of a perceptive motor in terms of a cyber-physical system (CPS). A model application monitoring a knitting process was developed, where the take-off of the produced fabric is controlled by an electric motor. The idea is to equip a synchronous motor with a smart camera and appropriate image processing hard- and software components. Subsequently, the characteristics of knitted fabric are analysed by machine-learning (ML) methods. Our concept includes motor-current analysis and image processing. The aim is to implement an assistance system for the industrial large circular knitting process. An assistance system will help to shorten the retrofitting process. The concept is based on a low cost hardware approach for a smart camera, and stems from the recent development of image processing applications for mobile devices [1–4].}}, author = {{Vukovic, Kristijan and Simonis, Kristina and Dörksen, Helene and Lohweg, Volker}}, booktitle = {{Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber-Physical Systems (ML4CPS)}}, keywords = {{Assistance System, Euler Number, Synchronous Motor, Image Processing System, Image Processing Method}}, title = {{{Efficient Image Processing System for an Industrial Machine Learning Task}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-662-48838-6_8}}, year = {{2015}}, }