[{"year":"2021","date_updated":"2025-06-16T12:07:21Z","article_number":"862","user_id":"83781","date_created":"2025-06-15T09:58:59Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"place":"Basel","extern":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Wenderlein","full_name":"Wenderlein, Jasmin","first_name":"Jasmin"},{"last_name":"Böswald","full_name":"Böswald, Linda F.","first_name":"Linda F."},{"first_name":"Sebastian","orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537","id":"85847","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","last_name":"Ulrich"},{"full_name":"Kienzle, Ellen","last_name":"Kienzle","first_name":"Ellen"},{"full_name":"Neuhaus, Klaus","last_name":"Neuhaus","first_name":"Klaus"},{"first_name":"Ilias","last_name":"Lagkouvardos","full_name":"Lagkouvardos, Ilias"},{"first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Zenner, Christian","last_name":"Zenner"},{"full_name":"Straubinger, Reinhard K.","last_name":"Straubinger","first_name":"Reinhard K."}],"status":"public","_id":"12950","type":"scientific_journal_article","volume":11,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The composition of the microbiome is subject to the host’s diet. In commercial laboratory mouse diets, different physical forms of the same diets are available, containing—according to their labels—identical ingredients and nutrient compositions. However, variations in nutrient composition and starch gelatinization due to production processes and their impact on digestibility have been described. In this study, a total of 48 C57BL/J6 mice were assigned to two equal groups and were fed diets (produced with different processes—extruded vs. pelleted) for eight weeks in two biological replicates. At the end of the experiment, samples were collected from five different gastrointestinal regions, including the stomach, small intestine, cecum, large intestine, and an extracorporeal region (feces), and the microbiome was analyzed with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The replicates in both experiments differed significantly in their relative abundances of Muribaculaceae species. Furthermore, the gastrointestinal content of pellet-fed mice contained larger numbers of Lactobacillus species. These results indicate that starch gelatinization and ingredient composition significantly influence microbial makeup. In conclusion, different feed processing methods may affect fundamental digestive and metabolic processes, impacting animal experiments and biasing microbiome data."}],"keyword":["feed processing","starch gelatinization","laboratory mouse","diet","intestinal microbiome"],"publication":"Animals","doi":"10.3390/ani11030862","issue":"3","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2076-2615"]},"publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"title":"Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome","intvolume":"        11","quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"MDPI AG","citation":{"mla":"Wenderlein, Jasmin, et al. “Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome.” <i>Animals</i>, vol. 11, no. 3, 862, 2021, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862</a>.","chicago":"Wenderlein, Jasmin, Linda F. Böswald, Sebastian Ulrich, Ellen Kienzle, Klaus Neuhaus, Ilias Lagkouvardos, Christian Zenner, and Reinhard K. Straubinger. “Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome.” <i>Animals</i> 11, no. 3 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862</a>.","ama":"Wenderlein J, Böswald LF, Ulrich S, et al. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome. <i>Animals</i>. 2021;11(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862\">10.3390/ani11030862</a>","short":"J. Wenderlein, L.F. Böswald, S. Ulrich, E. Kienzle, K. Neuhaus, I. Lagkouvardos, C. Zenner, R.K. Straubinger, Animals 11 (2021).","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Wenderlein, Jasmin</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Böswald, Linda F.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kienzle, Ellen</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Neuhaus, Klaus</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Lagkouvardos, Ilias</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Zenner, Christian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Straubinger, Reinhard K.</span>: Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome. In: <i>Animals</i> Bd. 11. Basel, MDPI AG (2021), Nr. 3","apa":"Wenderlein, J., Böswald, L. F., Ulrich, S., Kienzle, E., Neuhaus, K., Lagkouvardos, I., Zenner, C., &#38; Straubinger, R. K. (2021). Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome. <i>Animals</i>, <i>11</i>(3), Article 862. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862</a>","havard":"J. Wenderlein, L.F. Böswald, S. Ulrich, E. Kienzle, K. Neuhaus, I. Lagkouvardos, C. Zenner, R.K. Straubinger, Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome, Animals. 11 (2021).","ufg":"<b>Wenderlein, Jasmin u. a.</b>: Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome, in: <i>Animals</i> 11 (2021), H. 3.","bjps":"<b>Wenderlein J <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome. <i>Animals</i> <b>11</b>.","chicago-de":"Wenderlein, Jasmin, Linda F. Böswald, Sebastian Ulrich, Ellen Kienzle, Klaus Neuhaus, Ilias Lagkouvardos, Christian Zenner und Reinhard K. Straubinger. 2021. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome. <i>Animals</i> 11, Nr. 3. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862\">10.3390/ani11030862</a>, .","ieee":"J. Wenderlein <i>et al.</i>, “Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome,” <i>Animals</i>, vol. 11, no. 3, Art. no. 862, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030862\">10.3390/ani11030862</a>.","van":"Wenderlein J, Böswald LF, Ulrich S, Kienzle E, Neuhaus K, Lagkouvardos I, et al. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome. Animals. 2021;11(3)."}},{"date_created":"2025-06-15T10:00:16Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2025-06-16T12:27:09Z","year":"2021","article_number":"523","user_id":"83781","volume":11,"_id":"12953","type":"scientific_journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Starch gelatinization is a major determinant of carbohydrate digestibility and varies with diet processing. Laboratory rodent diets are often marketed as identical, but are sold in different forms, regardless of the markedly higher starch gelatinization in extruded than in pelleted diets. Our hypothesis was that this would impact energy and nutrient digestibility in mice fed pellets or extrudate, respectively. Trial 1 showed that feeding C57BL/6 mice a standard maintenance diet in extruded form results in a significantly higher digestibility of organic matter, energy, and carbohydrates than the identical diet in pelleted form. The replication of the experiment, however, revealed a variation between batches of the same pelleted diet regarding starch and total dietary fiber contents. Given the significant differences in diet digestibility and the potential impacts of digestibility on nutrient utilization, the intestinal microbiome, and intermediary metabolism, trials performed with differently processed diets are not comparable. This might partly explain failures to reproduce results, especially in gastrointestinal or microbiome research. Considering this impact on experimental animals, the degree of starch gelatinization should be declared in the diet information for laboratory animal diets. The differences between batches of laboratory animal diets as observed in the pellets are not acceptable."}],"place":"Basel","status":"public","extern":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Böswald","full_name":"Böswald, Linda F.","first_name":"Linda F."},{"last_name":"Wenderlein","full_name":"Wenderlein, Jasmin","first_name":"Jasmin"},{"first_name":"Reinhard K.","full_name":"Straubinger, Reinhard K.","last_name":"Straubinger"},{"first_name":"Sebastian","orcid":"0000-0002-4511-9537","id":"85847","full_name":"Ulrich, Sebastian","last_name":"Ulrich"},{"first_name":"Ellen","full_name":"Kienzle, Ellen","last_name":"Kienzle"}],"publication":"Animals","issue":"2","doi":"10.3390/ani11020523","title":"Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility","department":[{"_id":"DEP4010"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2076-2615"]},"keyword":["standardization","carbohydrate digestibility","feed processing","starch gelatinization","gut"],"publisher":"MDPI","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"chicago-de":"Böswald, Linda F., Jasmin Wenderlein, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Sebastian Ulrich und Ellen Kienzle. 2021. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility. <i>Animals</i> 11, Nr. 2. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523\">10.3390/ani11020523</a>, .","bjps":"<b>Böswald LF <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility. <i>Animals</i> <b>11</b>.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Böswald, Linda F.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Wenderlein, Jasmin</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Straubinger, Reinhard K.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Ulrich, Sebastian</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kienzle, Ellen</span>: Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility. In: <i>Animals</i> Bd. 11. Basel, MDPI (2021), Nr. 2","short":"L.F. Böswald, J. Wenderlein, R.K. Straubinger, S. Ulrich, E. Kienzle, Animals 11 (2021).","chicago":"Böswald, Linda F., Jasmin Wenderlein, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Sebastian Ulrich, and Ellen Kienzle. “Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility.” <i>Animals</i> 11, no. 2 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523</a>.","mla":"Böswald, Linda F., et al. “Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility.” <i>Animals</i>, vol. 11, no. 2, 523, 2021, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523</a>.","van":"Böswald LF, Wenderlein J, Straubinger RK, Ulrich S, Kienzle E. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility. Animals. 2021;11(2).","ieee":"L. F. Böswald, J. Wenderlein, R. K. Straubinger, S. Ulrich, and E. Kienzle, “Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility,” <i>Animals</i>, vol. 11, no. 2, Art. no. 523, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523\">10.3390/ani11020523</a>.","ufg":"<b>Böswald, Linda F. u. a.</b>: Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility, in: <i>Animals</i> 11 (2021), H. 2.","havard":"L.F. Böswald, J. Wenderlein, R.K. Straubinger, S. Ulrich, E. Kienzle, Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility, Animals. 11 (2021).","apa":"Böswald, L. F., Wenderlein, J., Straubinger, R. K., Ulrich, S., &#38; Kienzle, E. (2021). Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility. <i>Animals</i>, <i>11</i>(2), Article 523. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523</a>","ama":"Böswald LF, Wenderlein J, Straubinger RK, Ulrich S, Kienzle E. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility. <i>Animals</i>. 2021;11(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020523\">10.3390/ani11020523</a>"},"intvolume":"        11"}]