---
_id: '11113'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'When oil palm lumber is considered for load-bearing products such as glued
laminated timber (GLT), defined strength and stiffness values are required. In
this investigation, combined GLT from oil palm wood is tested in compression parallel
and perpendicular and glulam lamellas in tension parallel to the vascular bundles.
Strength and Young´s modulus in compression and tension parallel increase with
the density by power law relationship. In contrast to dicotyledons, the strength
in construction size exceeds that of small, defect-free test specimens (compression
strength perpendicular), are in the same range (tensile and bending strength parallel)
or only a little below (compression strength parallel). The specimen size does
not influence the strength. The ratio of fc,0 : fm : ft,0 is 1.2 : 0.8 … 1.7 … 2.6
: 1 and fc,0 : fc,90 = 2.7 … 13.0 … 32.6 : 1 for ρ = 200 … 400 … 600 kg/m³; the
ratio of Ec,0 : Em : Et,0 is 1.2 : 1.3 : 1 for ρ = 400 kg/m³. Ashby´s performance
indices for minimum weight design rise with the density; the strength-density
performance indices are comparable or only slightly lower than that for structural
size softwood, whereas the modulus-density performance indices are much lower.
The challenge in use of oil palm wood for load-bearing construction products is
the low stiffness.'
author:
- first_name: Katja
full_name: Frühwald-König, Katja
id: '26232'
last_name: Frühwald-König
- first_name: Lena
full_name: Heister, Lena
id: '71887'
last_name: Heister
citation:
ama: Frühwald-König K, Heister L. Compression properties of glued laminated timber
and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood. Wood material
science and engineering. 2024;19(5):1101-1116. doi:10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627
apa: Frühwald-König, K., & Heister, L. (2024). Compression properties of glued
laminated timber and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood.
Wood Material Science and Engineering, 19(5), 1101–1116. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627
bjps: Frühwald-König K and Heister L (2024) Compression Properties of Glued
Laminated Timber and Tensile Properties of Gluelam Lamellas from Oil Palm Wood.
Wood material science and engineering 19, 1101–1116.
chicago: 'Frühwald-König, Katja, and Lena Heister. “Compression Properties of Glued
Laminated Timber and Tensile Properties of Gluelam Lamellas from Oil Palm Wood.”
Wood Material Science and Engineering 19, no. 5 (2024): 1101–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627.'
chicago-de: 'Frühwald-König, Katja und Lena Heister. 2024. Compression properties
of glued laminated timber and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil
palm wood. Wood material science and engineering 19, Nr. 5: 1101–1116.
doi:10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Frühwald-König, Katja
; Heister, Lena: Compression properties
of glued laminated timber and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil
palm wood. In: Wood material science and engineering Bd. 19. London, Taylor
& Francis (2024), Nr. 5, S. 1101–1116'
havard: K. Frühwald-König, L. Heister, Compression properties of glued laminated
timber and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood, Wood Material
Science and Engineering. 19 (2024) 1101–1116.
ieee: 'K. Frühwald-König and L. Heister, “Compression properties of glued laminated
timber and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood,” Wood
material science and engineering, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1101–1116, 2024, doi:
10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627.'
mla: Frühwald-König, Katja, and Lena Heister. “Compression Properties of Glued Laminated
Timber and Tensile Properties of Gluelam Lamellas from Oil Palm Wood.” Wood
Material Science and Engineering, vol. 19, no. 5, 2024, pp. 1101–16, https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627.
short: K. Frühwald-König, L. Heister, Wood Material Science and Engineering 19 (2024)
1101–1116.
ufg: 'Frühwald-König, Katja/Heister, Lena: Compression properties of glued
laminated timber and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood,
in: Wood material science and engineering 19 (2024), H. 5, S. 1101–1116.'
van: Frühwald-König K, Heister L. Compression properties of glued laminated timber
and tensile properties of gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood. Wood material science
and engineering. 2024;19(5):1101–16.
date_created: 2024-02-25T07:30:24Z
date_updated: 2025-06-25T12:41:40Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2303627
external_id:
isi:
- '001147069800001'
intvolume: ' 19'
isi: '1'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- Oil palm wood
- compression
- tension
- strength
- young’s modulus
- digital image correlation
- glued laminated timber
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1101-1116
place: London
publication: Wood material science and engineering
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1748-0280
issn:
- 1748-0272
publication_status: published
publisher: Taylor & Francis
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Compression properties of glued laminated timber and tensile properties of
gluelam lamellas from oil palm wood
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 19
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '11114'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Oil palm wood is mainly low in density and since strength and stiffness correlate
with density, this study aimed to enhance the properties of oil palm wood through
thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densification. In contrast to other studies using
small laboratory-sized specimens, this study examined the densification of oil
palm boards in sawn timber dimensions of 2.0 m length. Modulus of elasticity (MOE)
and modulus of rupture (MOR) in bending, shear strength and shear modulus parallel
by two-plate shear test and Young’s modulus in the three main directions as well
as shear modulus in the three planes by ultrasonic testing were determined at
densified and undensified specimens. The bending properties were increased to
considerably higher levels and a compression ratio of 60% showed higher MOE and
MOR values than that of 40%; whereas for boards of the inner part of the trunk,
a compression ratio of 60% showed better results than that of 75%. The shear properties
were only slightly increased through densification. Densification can improve
the properties of oil palm wood. However, the wide range of density and properties
found in natural oil palm wood is also present in densified oil palm wood.
author:
- first_name: Nathan
full_name: Kölli, Nathan
id: '73742'
last_name: Kölli
- first_name: Katja
full_name: Frühwald-König, Katja
id: '26232'
last_name: Frühwald-König
citation:
ama: Kölli N, Frühwald-König K. Elasto-mechanical properties of thermo-hygro-mechanical
(THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. Wood material science and engineering
. Published online 2024:1-18. doi:10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977
apa: Kölli, N., & Frühwald-König, K. (2024). Elasto-mechanical properties of
thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. Wood Material
Science and Engineering , 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977
bjps: Kölli N and Frühwald-König K (2024) Elasto-Mechanical Properties of
Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical (THM) Densified Oil Palm Sawn Timber. Wood material
science and engineering 1–18.
chicago: Kölli, Nathan, and Katja Frühwald-König. “Elasto-Mechanical Properties
of Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical (THM) Densified Oil Palm Sawn Timber.” Wood Material
Science and Engineering , 2024, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977.
chicago-de: 'Kölli, Nathan und Katja Frühwald-König. 2024. Elasto-mechanical properties
of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. Wood material
science and engineering : 1–18. doi:10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Kölli, Nathan ; Frühwald-König, Katja: Elasto-mechanical
properties of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. In:
Wood material science and engineering . London, Taylor & Francis (2024),
S. 1–18'
havard: N. Kölli, K. Frühwald-König, Elasto-mechanical properties of thermo-hygro-mechanical
(THM) densified oil palm sawn timber, Wood Material Science and Engineering .
(2024) 1–18.
ieee: 'N. Kölli and K. Frühwald-König, “Elasto-mechanical properties of thermo-hygro-mechanical
(THM) densified oil palm sawn timber,” Wood material science and engineering
, pp. 1–18, 2024, doi: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977.'
mla: Kölli, Nathan, and Katja Frühwald-König. “Elasto-Mechanical Properties of Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical
(THM) Densified Oil Palm Sawn Timber.” Wood Material Science and Engineering
, 2024, pp. 1–18, https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977.
short: N. Kölli, K. Frühwald-König, Wood Material Science and Engineering (2024)
1–18.
ufg: 'Kölli, Nathan/Frühwald-König, Katja: Elasto-mechanical properties of
thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber, in: Wood material
science and engineering (2024), S. 1–18.'
van: Kölli N, Frühwald-König K. Elasto-mechanical properties of thermo-hygro-mechanical
(THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. Wood material science and engineering .
2024;1–18.
date_created: 2024-02-25T07:32:31Z
date_updated: 2025-06-25T12:42:37Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2317977
external_id:
isi:
- '001170089500001'
isi: '1'
keyword:
- Bending strength
- densification
- e-modulus
- g-modulus
- shear strength
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-18
place: London
publication: 'Wood material science and engineering '
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1748-0280
issn:
- 1748-0272
publication_status: published
publisher: Taylor & Francis
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Elasto-mechanical properties of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil
palm sawn timber
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '12891'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Copper alloy metal strips are widely used to manufacture electrical connectors.
These connectors experience stress relaxation during operation. The reduced contact
force may lead to contact failure. For the given design of connectors, the contact
force is proportional to the Young's modulus which depends on interatomic bonds,
alloying elements and the microstructure of metal grains. According to the literature,
it is assumed that Young's modulus does not change significantly during long-term
mechanical stress and aging at temperatures below the recrystallization temperature
of copper alloys. Based on this assumption, the relaxation of connectors from
lifetime tests and from long-term used field vehicles can be determined by the
comparison of spring deflection of connectors before and after long-term tests
or long-term use. The focus of this paper is to answer the question, whether this
assumption is accurate. For this purpose, the influence of long-term thermal and
mechanical loads on the Young's modulus of various copper alloys is investigated.
The temperature in test approximately matches the maximum design temperature of
automotive connectors and the mechanical stress is comparable to that in a typical
connector.
author:
- first_name: Karolin
full_name: Bünting, Karolin
id: '62067'
last_name: Bünting
- first_name: Abhay Rammurti
full_name: Shukla, Abhay Rammurti
id: '74188'
last_name: Shukla
- first_name: Jian
full_name: Song, Jian
id: '5297'
last_name: Song
citation:
ama: Bünting K, Shukla AR, Song J. The Influence of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical
Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress Relaxation
in Electrical Connectors. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
IEEE Electronics Packaging Society , eds.). IEEE; 2024. doi:10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449
apa: 'Bünting, K., Shukla, A. R., & Song, J. (2024). The Influence of Long Term
Thermal and Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination
of Stress Relaxation in Electrical Connectors. In Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers & IEEE Electronics Packaging Society (Eds.), Electrical
contacts - 2024 : proceedings of the Sixty‐Ninth IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical
Contacts : 6-10 October 2024, Annapolis, MD, USA . IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449'
bjps: 'Bünting K, Shukla AR and Song J (2024) The Influence of Long Term
Thermal and Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination
of Stress Relaxation in Electrical Connectors, Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers and IEEE Electronics Packaging Society (eds). [Piscataway,
NJ]: IEEE.'
chicago: 'Bünting, Karolin, Abhay Rammurti Shukla, and Jian Song. The Influence
of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys
- Determination of Stress Relaxation in Electrical Connectors. Edited by Institute
of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and IEEE Electronics Packaging Society
. Electrical Contacts - 2024 : Proceedings of the Sixty‐Ninth IEEE Holm Conference
on Electrical Contacts : 6-10 October 2024, Annapolis, MD, USA . [Piscataway,
NJ]: IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449.'
chicago-de: 'Bünting, Karolin, Abhay Rammurti Shukla und Jian Song. 2024. The
Influence of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of
Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress Relaxation in Electrical Connectors. Hg.
von Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers und IEEE Electronics Packaging
Society . Electrical contacts - 2024 : proceedings of the Sixty‐Ninth IEEE
Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts : 6-10 October 2024, Annapolis, MD, USA
. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE. doi:10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Bünting, Karolin ; Shukla, Abhay Rammurti ; Song,
Jian ; Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers ; IEEE Electronics
Packaging Society (Hrsg.): The Influence of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical
Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress Relaxation
in Electrical Connectors. [Piscataway, NJ] : IEEE, 2024'
havard: K. Bünting, A.R. Shukla, J. Song, The Influence of Long Term Thermal and
Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress
Relaxation in Electrical Connectors, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2024.
ieee: 'K. Bünting, A. R. Shukla, and J. Song, The Influence of Long Term Thermal
and Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress
Relaxation in Electrical Connectors. [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE, 2024. doi: 10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449.'
mla: 'Bünting, Karolin, et al. “The Influence of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical
Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress Relaxation
in Electrical Connectors.” Electrical Contacts - 2024 : Proceedings of the
Sixty‐Ninth IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts : 6-10 October 2024, Annapolis,
MD, USA , edited by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and
IEEE Electronics Packaging Society , IEEE, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449.'
short: K. Bünting, A.R. Shukla, J. Song, The Influence of Long Term Thermal and
Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress
Relaxation in Electrical Connectors, IEEE, [Piscataway, NJ], 2024.
ufg: 'Bünting, Karolin/Shukla, Abhay Rammurti/Song, Jian: The Influence of
Long Term Thermal and Mechanical Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination
of Stress Relaxation in Electrical Connectors, hg. von Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, IEEE Electronics Packaging Society , [Piscataway, NJ]
2024.'
van: 'Bünting K, Shukla AR, Song J. The Influence of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical
Loads on the Young’s Modulus of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress Relaxation
in Electrical Connectors. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE
Electronics Packaging Society , editors. Electrical contacts - 2024 : proceedings
of the Sixty‐Ninth IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts : 6-10 October
2024, Annapolis, MD, USA . [Piscataway, NJ]: IEEE; 2024.'
conference:
end_date: 2024-10-10
location: 'Annapolis, MD, USA '
name: 69th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (HOLM)
start_date: 2024-10-06
corporate_editor:
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
- 'IEEE Electronics Packaging Society '
date_created: 2025-05-07T09:31:00Z
date_updated: 2025-05-07T14:03:11Z
department:
- _id: DEP6000
- _id: DEP6012
doi: 10.1109/holm56222.2024.10768449
keyword:
- Young's modulus
- thermal and mechanical loads
- spring deflection
- relaxation
language:
- iso: eng
place: '[Piscataway, NJ]'
publication: "\t Electrical contacts - 2024 : proceedings of the Sixty‐Ninth IEEE
Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts : 6-10 October 2024, Annapolis, MD, USA "
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- '979-8-3315-2906-2 '
isbn:
- 979-8-3315-2907-9
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: The Influence of Long Term Thermal and Mechanical Loads on the Young's Modulus
of Cu-Alloys - Determination of Stress Relaxation in Electrical Connectors
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '10602'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The anatomical structure of oil palm wood is only to a limited extent comparable
to common wood species used in construction. Typical for monocotyledons, the material
is composed of high density vascular bundles and a parenchymatous tissue of lower
density. In three experiment sets, the local and global moduli of elasticity (MOE)
and the flexural strength of oil palm wood based GLT are determined using FEM
and various influencing parameters are investigated in a sensitivity analysis.
Furthermore, the application of densified tension lamellas is studied. The results
of the modelling are compared with the results from mechanical tests. Significant
differences, mainly attributed to the specific parameters of the selected material,
are observed. The results of this preliminary study serve as a starting point
for computer-aided optimisation and modelling of other oil palm-based products.
author:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Hackel, Martin
id: '79798'
last_name: Hackel
citation:
ama: Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. (Nyrud AQ, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige
universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , Arkitektur- og
designhøgskolen i Oslo, eds.). Curran Associates, Inc.; 2023. doi:10.52202/069179-0088
apa: 'Hackel, M. (2023). FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. In A. Q. Nyrud, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige
universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , & Arkitektur-
og designhøgskolen i Oslo (Eds.), Timber for a livable future : World Conference
on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway . Curran
Associates, Inc. https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088'
bjps: 'Hackel M (2023) FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE
LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, Nyrud AQ et al. (eds). Red Hook,
NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc.'
chicago: 'Hackel, Martin. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Edited by Anders Q. Nyrud, Norges miljø-
og biovitenskapelige universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet
, and Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo. Timber for a Livable Future :
World Conference on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway
. Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc., 2023. https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.'
chicago-de: 'Hackel, Martin. 2023. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Hg. von Anders Q. Nyrud,
Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet , Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige
universitet , und Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo. Timber for a livable
future : World Conference on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023,
Oslo, Norway . Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc. doi:10.52202/069179-0088,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Hackel, Martin ; Nyrud, A. Q. ; Norges
miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet ; Norges
teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet ; Arkitektur-
og designhøgskolen i Oslo (Hrsg.): FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD
BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Red Hook, NY, USA :
Curran Associates, Inc., 2023'
havard: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, Curran Associates, Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA, 2023.
ieee: 'M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates, Inc., 2023.
doi: 10.52202/069179-0088.'
mla: 'Hackel, Martin. “FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD.” Timber for a Livable Future : World Conference
on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway , edited
by Anders Q. Nyrud et al., Curran Associates, Inc., 2023, https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.'
short: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, Curran Associates, Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA, 2023.
ufg: 'Hackel, Martin: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, hg. von Nyrud, Anders Q. u. a., Red Hook,
NY, USA 2023.'
van: 'Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. Nyrud AQ, Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet
, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen
i Oslo, editors. Timber for a livable future : World Conference on Timber Engineering :
WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway . Red Hook, NY, USA: Curran Associates,
Inc.; 2023.'
conference:
end_date: 2023-06-22
location: Oslo (Norwegen)
name: 13th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
start_date: 2023-06-19
corporate_editor:
- 'Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet '
- 'Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet '
- Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo
date_created: 2023-10-26T13:59:52Z
date_updated: 2024-06-03T14:10:01Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.52202/069179-0088
editor:
- first_name: 'Anders Q. '
full_name: 'Nyrud, Anders Q. '
last_name: Nyrud
keyword:
- Oil palm wood
- finite element method (FEM)
- GLT
- modulus of elasticity
- flexural strength
language:
- iso: eng
place: Red Hook, NY, USA
publication: 'Timber for a livable future : World Conference on Timber Engineering
: WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway '
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-1-7138-7327-3
isbn:
- 978-1-7138-7329-7
publication_status: published
publisher: Curran Associates, Inc.
status: public
title: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE
ELEMENT METHOD
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '10786'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The anatomical structure of oil palm wood is only to a limited extent comparable
to common wood species\r\nused in construction. Typical for monocotyledons, the
material is composed of high density vascular bundles and a\r\nparenchymatous
tissue of lower density. In three experiment sets, the local and global moduli
of elasticity (MOE) and the flexural strength of oil palm wood based GLT are determined
using FEM and various influencing parameters are\r\ninvestigated in a sensitivity
analysis. Furthermore, the application of densified tension lamellas is studied.
The results of the modelling are compared with the results from mechanical tests.
Significant differences, mainly attributed to the\r\nspecific parameters of the
selected material, are observed. The results of this preliminary study serve as
a starting point for computer-aided optimisation and modelling of other oil palm-based
products."
author:
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Hackel, Martin
id: '79798'
last_name: Hackel
citation:
ama: Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE
2023); 2023:647-656. doi:10.52202/069179-0088
apa: Hackel, M. (2023). FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. In World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023) (pp. 647–656). World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023).
https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088
bjps: Hackel M (2023) FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE
LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023).
chicago: Hackel, Martin. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023). World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023. https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.
chicago-de: Hackel, Martin. 2023. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on
Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023). World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE
2023). doi:10.52202/069179-0088,
.
din1505-2-1: 'Hackel, Martin: FLEXURAL
PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD :
World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023'
havard: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023),
2023.
ieee: 'M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE
2023), 2023, pp. 647–656. doi: 10.52202/069179-0088.'
mla: Hackel, Martin. “FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD.” World Conference on Timber Engineering
(WCTE 2023), World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023), 2023, pp.
647–56, https://doi.org/10.52202/069179-0088.
short: M. Hackel, FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023),
2023.
ufg: 'Hackel, Martin: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED
TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD, o. O. 2023.'
van: Hackel M. FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023).
World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023); 2023.
conference:
end_date: 2023-06-22
location: Oslo (Norwegen)
name: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
start_date: 2023-06-19
date_created: 2023-11-21T07:44:35Z
date_updated: 2025-05-24T13:21:52Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.52202/069179-0088
keyword:
- Oil palm wood
- finite element method (FEM)
- GLT
- modulus of elasticity
- flexural strength
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.proceedings.com/content/069/069179-0088open.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 647-656
publication: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
publication_status: published
publisher: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)
status: public
title: FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE
ELEMENT METHOD
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '79798'
year: '2023'
...