---
_id: '12945'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Stachybotrys chartarum is a toxigenic fungus that is frequently isolated from
    damp building materials or improperly stored forage. Macrocyclic trichothecenes
    and in particular satratoxins are the most potent mycotoxins known to be produced
    by this fungus. Exposure of humans or animals to these secondary metabolites can
    be associated with severe health problems. To assess the pathogenic potential
    of S. chartarum isolates, it is essential to cultivate them under conditions that
    reliably promote toxin production. Potato dextrose agar (PDA) was reported to
    be the optimal nutrition medium for satratoxin production. In this study, the
    growth of S. chartarum genotype S strains on PDA from two manufacturers led to
    divergent results, namely, well-grown and sporulating cultures with high satratoxin
    concentrations (20.8 ± 0.4 µg/cm2) versus cultures with sparse sporulation and
    low satratoxin production (0.3 ± 0.1 µg/cm2). This finding is important for any
    attempt to identify toxigenic S. chartarum isolates. Further experiments performed
    with the two media provided strong evidence for a link between satratoxin production
    and sporulation. A comparison of three-point and one-point cultures grown on the
    two types of PDA, furthermore, demonstrated an inter-colony communication that
    influences both sporulation and mycotoxin production of S. chartarum genotype
    S strains.
article_number: '515'
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Tribelhorn, Katharina
  last_name: Tribelhorn
- first_name: Magdalena
  full_name: Twarużek, Magdalena
  last_name: Twarużek
- first_name: Ewelina
  full_name: Soszczyńska, Ewelina
  last_name: Soszczyńska
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Rau, Jörg
  last_name: Rau
- first_name: Christiane
  full_name: Baschien, Christiane
  last_name: Baschien
- first_name: Reinhard K.
  full_name: Straubinger, Reinhard K.
  last_name: Straubinger
- first_name: Frank
  full_name: Ebel, Frank
  last_name: Ebel
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Ulrich, Sebastian
  id: '85847'
  last_name: Ulrich
  orcid: 0000-0002-4511-9537
citation:
  ama: Tribelhorn K, Twarużek M, Soszczyńska E, et al. Production of Satratoxin G
    and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys chartarum. <i>Toxins</i>.
    2022;14(8). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515">10.3390/toxins14080515</a>
  apa: Tribelhorn, K., Twarużek, M., Soszczyńska, E., Rau, J., Baschien, C., Straubinger,
    R. K., Ebel, F., &#38; Ulrich, S. (2022). Production of Satratoxin G and H Is
    Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys chartarum. <i>Toxins</i>, <i>14</i>(8),
    Article 515. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515</a>
  bjps: <b>Tribelhorn K <i>et al.</i></b> (2022) Production of Satratoxin G and H
    Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys Chartarum. <i>Toxins</i> <b>14</b>.
  chicago: Tribelhorn, Katharina, Magdalena Twarużek, Ewelina Soszczyńska, Jörg Rau,
    Christiane Baschien, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Frank Ebel, and Sebastian Ulrich.
    “Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys
    Chartarum.” <i>Toxins</i> 14, no. 8 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515</a>.
  chicago-de: Tribelhorn, Katharina, Magdalena Twarużek, Ewelina Soszczyńska, Jörg
    Rau, Christiane Baschien, Reinhard K. Straubinger, Frank Ebel und Sebastian Ulrich.
    2022. Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys
    chartarum. <i>Toxins</i> 14, Nr. 8. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515">10.3390/toxins14080515</a>,
    .
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Tribelhorn, Katharina</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Twarużek, Magdalena</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Soszczyńska,
    Ewelina</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Rau, Jörg</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Baschien, Christiane</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Straubinger,
    Reinhard K.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ebel, Frank</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ulrich, Sebastian</span>: Production
    of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys chartarum.
    In: <i>Toxins</i> Bd. 14, MDPI (2022), Nr. 8'
  havard: K. Tribelhorn, M. Twarużek, E. Soszczyńska, J. Rau, C. Baschien, R.K. Straubinger,
    F. Ebel, S. Ulrich, Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation
    in Stachybotrys chartarum, Toxins. 14 (2022).
  ieee: 'K. Tribelhorn <i>et al.</i>, “Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly
    Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys chartarum,” <i>Toxins</i>, vol. 14, no.
    8, Art. no. 515, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515">10.3390/toxins14080515</a>.'
  mla: Tribelhorn, Katharina, et al. “Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly
    Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys Chartarum.” <i>Toxins</i>, vol. 14, no.
    8, 515, 2022, <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515">https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14080515</a>.
  short: K. Tribelhorn, M. Twarużek, E. Soszczyńska, J. Rau, C. Baschien, R.K. Straubinger,
    F. Ebel, S. Ulrich, Toxins 14 (2022).
  ufg: '<b>Tribelhorn, Katharina u. a.</b>: Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly
    Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys chartarum, in: <i>Toxins</i> 14 (2022),
    H. 8.'
  van: Tribelhorn K, Twarużek M, Soszczyńska E, Rau J, Baschien C, Straubinger RK,
    et al. Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys
    chartarum. Toxins. 2022;14(8).
date_created: 2025-06-15T09:56:06Z
date_updated: 2025-06-16T11:52:01Z
department:
- _id: DEP4010
doi: 10.3390/toxins14080515
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        14'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Stachybotrys chartarum genotype S
- sporulation
- satratoxins
- macrocyclic trichothecenes
- inter-colony communication
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Toxins
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2072-6651
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Production of Satratoxin G and H Is Tightly Linked to Sporulation in Stachybotrys
  chartarum
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 14
year: '2022'
...