---
_id: '11792'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: To facilitate the drying process and enhance the properties of oil palm wood,
    oil palm boards were mechanically pre-dewatered and thermo-hygro-mechanically
    (THM) densified. The thickness of the boards was reduced with compression ratios
    of 40%, 60% and 75%. Since densified wood tends to recover from compression, especially
    under humid conditions, this study examined the set-recovery and the hygroscopic
    behavior of THM densified oil palm wood. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC),
    differential swelling and swelling coefficient, linear swelling and shrinkage
    as well as the differential swelling anisotropy were determined under climate
    conditions with different relative humidity (RH) (20°C/35% RH, 20°C/65% RH and
    20°C/85% RH). The maximum swelling was measured after water soaking and the remaining
    set-recovery was evaluated after re-drying at 103°C. The EMC was reduced by the
    THM process by around 20%. In the direction of compression (thickness), the densified
    specimens show higher values for all analyzed swelling and shrinkage parameters
    than the undensified specimens from the equivalent position within the trunk.
    The maximum swelling in thickness of 22–38% during water soaking is mostly reversed
    by shrinkage during re-drying and a comparably low remaining set-recovery of 3–8%
    is measured at oven dry condition.
author:
- first_name: Nathan
  full_name: Kölli, Nathan
  id: '74242'
  last_name: Kölli
- first_name: Katja
  full_name: Frühwald-König, Katja
  id: '26232'
  last_name: Frühwald-König
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Hackel, Martin
  id: '79798'
  last_name: Hackel
citation:
  ama: Kölli N, Frühwald-König K, Hackel M. Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical
    (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. <i>Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering</i>.
    Published online 2024:1-12. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100">10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100</a>
  apa: Kölli, N., Frühwald-König, K., &#38; Hackel, M. (2024). Hygroscopic behavior
    of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. <i>Wood Material
    Science &#38; Engineering</i>, 1–12. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100">https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100</a>
  bjps: <b>Kölli N, Frühwald-König K and Hackel M</b> (2024) Hygroscopic Behavior
    of Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical (THM) Densified Oil Palm Sawn Timber. <i>Wood Material
    Science &#38; Engineering</i> 1–12.
  chicago: Kölli, Nathan, Katja Frühwald-König, and Martin Hackel. “Hygroscopic Behavior
    of Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical (THM) Densified Oil Palm Sawn Timber.” <i>Wood Material
    Science &#38; Engineering</i>, 2024, 1–12. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100">https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100</a>.
  chicago-de: 'Kölli, Nathan, Katja Frühwald-König und Martin Hackel. 2024. Hygroscopic
    behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. <i>Wood
    Material Science &#38; Engineering</i>: 1–12. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100">10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100</a>,
    .'
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kölli, Nathan</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Frühwald-König, Katja</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Hackel,
    Martin</span>: Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified
    oil palm sawn timber. In: <i>Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering</i>. London,
    Taylor &#38; Francis (2024), S. 1–12'
  havard: N. Kölli, K. Frühwald-König, M. Hackel, Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical
    (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber, Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering.
    (2024) 1–12.
  ieee: 'N. Kölli, K. Frühwald-König, and M. Hackel, “Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical
    (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber,” <i>Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering</i>,
    pp. 1–12, 2024, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100">10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100</a>.'
  mla: Kölli, Nathan, et al. “Hygroscopic Behavior of Thermo-Hygro-Mechanical (THM)
    Densified Oil Palm Sawn Timber.” <i>Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering</i>,
    2024, pp. 1–12, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100">https://doi.org/10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100</a>.
  short: N. Kölli, K. Frühwald-König, M. Hackel, Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering
    (2024) 1–12.
  ufg: '<b>Kölli, Nathan/Frühwald-König, Katja/Hackel, Martin</b>: Hygroscopic behavior
    of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber, in: <i>Wood Material
    Science &#38; Engineering</i> (2024),  S. 1–12.'
  van: Kölli N, Frühwald-König K, Hackel M. Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical
    (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber. Wood Material Science &#38; Engineering.
    2024;1–12.
date_created: 2024-07-27T05:38:16Z
date_updated: 2025-06-25T13:03:03Z
department:
- _id: DEP7018
- _id: DEP1309
doi: 10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001274838600001'
isi: '1'
keyword:
- Densification
- set-recovery
- swelling and shrinkage
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-12
place: London
publication: Wood Material Science & Engineering
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1748-0280
  issn:
  - 1748-0272
publication_status: published
publisher: Taylor & Francis
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn
  timber
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
year: '2024'
...