@misc{11194, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) hat die Entwicklung und die Herstellung von Produkten revolutioniert. Durch die Verwendung dieser Technologien ist es möglich kosteneffizient und anforderungsgerecht geringe Stückzahlen herzustellen. Unterschiedliche additive Herstellungstechnologien, wie beispielsweise Fused Layer Modeling (FLM), ermöglichen die Herstellung von Multimaterialkomponenten innerhalb eines Herstellungsschritts. Dies wird erreicht durch die simultane Verwendung von verschiedenen Materialien.Die beim FLM verwendeten Materialien können unterschiedliche Schmelztemperaturen aufweisen. Zudem existieren Materialien, die im Wellenlängenbereich typischer Sensor- und Kommunikationsanwendungen optisch transparent sind. Werden optisch transparente und nicht transparente Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Brechungsindices kombiniert, so ist es möglich lichtführende Strukturen herzustellen. Diese beinhalten alle Vorteile der additiven Herstellungsverfahren.Die lichtführenden Strukturen können in komplexe Komponenten und Systeme wie beispielsweise einem Greifer eines Industrieroboters eingebettet werden. Hier kann der Greifer simultan mit zusätzlicher Sensor- und Kommunikationstechnik gedruckt werden.In diesem Abstrakt werden erste Sensorkomponenten präsentiert. Diese sind mit dem FLM-Verfahren hergestellt worden und es werden Materialien mit unterschiedlichen Transmissionsverhalten verwendet. Zusätzlich werden erste Layout und Herstellungsrichtlinien zur Erstellung von lichtführenden Strukturen mit FLM vorgestellt.}}, author = {{Stübbe, Oliver and Villmer, Franz-Josef and Huxol, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{Rapid.Tech + FabCon 3.D – International Trade Show + Conference for Additive Manufacturing : Proceedings of the 15th Rapid.Tech Conference Erfurt, Germany, 5 – 7 June 2018 }}, editor = {{Kynast, Michael and Eichmann, Michael and Witt, Gerd }}, isbn = {{978-3-446-45811-6 }}, issn = {{978-3-446-45812-3}}, location = {{Erfurt}}, publisher = {{Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG}}, title = {{{3D gedruckte eingebettete lichtführende Strukturen für Sensor- und Kommunikationsanwendungen}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-446-45812-3_30}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{12410, author = {{Jungkind, Wilfried and Löffl, Josef and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{50 Jahre Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, editor = {{Hofmann, Martin Ludwig and Lemme, Kathrin and Löffl, Josef and Nautz, Jürgen}}, isbn = {{978-3-88778-622-9}}, pages = {{59--72}}, publisher = {{Spurbuchverlag}}, title = {{{Schlüsselqualifikationen : Bausteine für eine holistische und interdisziplinäre Vorbereitung auf berufliche Herausforderungen}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @misc{12789, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing is being increasingly focused on the production of end-use parts. Compared to the prototyping application, the production of end-use parts demands a higher level of repeatability and process quality. To achieve this, increased knowledge is required about the influence of various process parameters on the part characteristics and the parameter interrelations. Design of Experiment methods can be applied to gain knowledge on the process behavior, but the applicability of different DoE methods for AM processes has to be validated. This paper describes the application of a definitive screening design for the identification of influencing parameters in Laser Powder Bed Fusion of CoCrW alloy. The impact of various hatch parameters on the part porosity is analyzed. The experimental setup and results are described. The results are validated in an additional test series, comparing the part quality achieved by parameter-sets obtained by different optimization approaches. Furthermore, the correlation of the porosity towards mechanical properties is investigated. Finally, the opportunities and limitations of the method are discussed.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing}}, issn = {{1362-3052}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, quality control, process qualification, process control, screening design}}, number = {{4-5}}, pages = {{556--567}}, publisher = {{Taylor & Francis}}, title = {{{Experimental approach towards parameter evaluation in laser powder bed fusion of metals}}}, doi = {{10.1080/0951192x.2021.1901313}}, volume = {{35}}, year = {{2021}}, } @misc{12790, abstract = {{n the last years, Additive Manufacturing, thanks to its capability of continuous improvements in performance and cost-efficiency, was able to partly replace and redefine well-established manufacturing processes. This research is based on the idea to achieve great cost and operational benefits especially in the field of tool making for injection molding by combining traditional and additive manufacturing in one process chain. Special attention is given to the surface quality in terms of surface roughness and its optimization directly in the Selective Laser Melting process. This article presents the possibility for a remelting process of the SLM parts as a way to optimize the surfaces of the produced parts. The influence of laser remelting on the surface roughness of the parts is analyzed while varying machine parameters like laser power and scan settings. Laser remelting with optimized parameter settings considerably improves the surface quality of SLM parts and is a great starting point for further post-processing techniques, which require a low initial value of surface roughness.}}, author = {{Simoni, Filippo and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing}}, issn = {{1572-8145}}, keywords = {{Direct rapid tooling, Toolmaking, Additive manufacturing process chain, Process control, Production systems, Selective laser melting, Surface roughness, Laser surface remelting}}, number = {{7}}, pages = {{1927--1938}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media}}, title = {{{Improving surface quality in selective laser melting based tool making}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s10845-021-01744-9}}, volume = {{32}}, year = {{2021}}, } @misc{7911, author = {{Stosch, Martin and Springer, André and Villmer, Franz-Josef and Meier, Matthias and Kiwitt, Constanze and Plate, Sebastian and Ehlert, Patrick}}, pages = {{19}}, title = {{{3D-Druck auf Holz. (DE102019113340A1)}}}, year = {{2020}}, } @misc{7679, author = {{Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra and Beyer, Micha and Stübbe, Oliver}}, booktitle = {{ Production engineering and management : proceedings 9th international conference, October 03 and 04, 2019, Trieste, Italy}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-04-7}}, keywords = {{3D printing, stereolithography, optical lens, light forming structures, convex lenses, concave lenses, refraction of light, focal length}}, location = {{Trieste}}, pages = {{227--240}}, publisher = {{Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Evaluation of stereolithograghy processes for the production of lens prototypes}}}, volume = {{2019, 01}}, year = {{2019}}, } @proceedings{1908, abstract = {{It is our pleasure to introduce the 9th edition of the International Conference on Production Engineering and Management (PEM), an event that is the result of the joint effort ofthe University of Trieste and the OWL University of Applied Sciences and Arts. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program “Production Engineering and Management” by the two partner universities. This year the conference is hosted at the university campus in Trieste, Italy.The main goal of the conference is to offer students, researchers,and professionals in Italy, Germany, and abroad, an opportunity to meet and exchange information, discuss experience,specific practices, technical solutions for planning, design,and management of manufacturing, service systems,and processes. As always, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy.This year’s special focus is on green production and digital manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0, which are currently major topics of discussion among experts and professionals. In fact, the features and problems of Industry 4.0 have been widely discussed in the last editions of the PEM conference, in which sustainability and efficiency emerged as key factors. With further study and development of direct digital manufacturing technologies in connection with new management practices and product life-cycle management, the 9th edition of the PEM conference aims to offer new and interesting scientific contributions.The conference program includes 32speeches organized in eight sessions. Two are specifically dedicated to “Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0”. The other sessions are covering areas of great interest and importance to the participants of the conference, which are related to the main focus: “Product Life-Cycle and Supply Chain Management”, “Industrial Engineering and Lean Management”, “Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production”, and “Innovative Management Techniques and Methodologies”. The proceedings of the conference include the articles submitted and accepted after a careful double-blind refereeing process.}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-04-7}}, location = {{Pardenone, Italy}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{325}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @misc{12791, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing is being increasingly focused on the production of end-use parts. Compared to the prototyping application, the production of end-use parts demands a higher level of repeatability and process quality. To achieve this, increased knowledge is required about the influence of various process parameters on the part characteristics and the parameter interrelations. Design of Experiment methods can be applied to gain knowledge on the process behavior, but the applicability of different DoE methods for AM processes has to be validated. This paper describes the application of a definitive screening design for the identification of influencing parameters in Selective Laser Melting. The experimental setup and results are described and opportunities and limitations of the method are discussed. (C) 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC) Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)}}, issn = {{2405-8963}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, quality control, process qualification, process control, screening design}}, location = {{Oshawa, CANADA}}, pages = {{270--275}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{DoE Methods for Parameter Evaluation in Selective Laser Melting}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.041}}, volume = {{52}}, year = {{2019}}, } @misc{12792, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing has arisen as a ground-breaking set of technologies that, thanks to their capability of continuous improvements in performance and cost-efficiency, was able in the last years to replace well-established manufacturing processes. Proficiency in the fabrication of highly complex parts forced this astonishing development. This research is based on the idea that through the integration of additive and conventional manufacturing technologies it is possible to achieve great cost and operational benefits especially in the field of tool making for injection molding. Such an integrated manufacturing solution could overcome the limitations of independent additive, subtractive, and post-processing procedures by strengthening their potentialities. The present study highlights the opportunities of a synergy between the above-mentioned manufacturing technologies for the optimized fabrication of injection molds. An additive manufacturing process chain is presented, and special attention is given to the surface quality and its optimization directly in the Selective Laser Melting process. The potentialities of the Laser Surface Re-melting technique are analyzed, and the process optimization leads to a reduction of 45% of the average roughness directly in the SLM process. (C) 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}}, author = {{Simoni, Filippo and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{13th International-Federation-of-Automatic-Control (IFAC) Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)}}, issn = {{2405-8963}}, keywords = {{Direct rapid tooling, toolmaking, additive manufacturing process chain, process control, production systems, selective laser melting, surface roughness, laser surface re-melting}}, location = {{Oshawa, CANADA}}, pages = {{254--259}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Approach Towards Surface Improvement in Additively Manufactured Tools}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.032}}, volume = {{52}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{221, abstract = {{Manual assembly workers are usually presented with information on shop floor papers using conventional design elements such as text, tables or drawings. New technological capabilities such as assembly assistance systems can enable more efficient and human-centered delivery of information in manual assembly environments. With this in mind, a method for assessing the economic and human-centered potential of informational assembly assistance systems for a specific work system will be developed.}}, author = {{Bendzioch, Sven and Hinrichsen, Sven and Adrian, Benjamin and Bornewasser, Manfred}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{127--136}}, title = {{{Assessing the Economic and Human-Centered Potential of Assembly Assistance Systems}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @proceedings{305, abstract = {{It is our pleasure to introduce the 8th edition of the International Conference on Production Engineering and anagement (PEM), an event that is the result of the joint effort of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and the University of Trieste. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program “Production Engineering and Management” by the two partner universities. This year the conference is hosted at the university campus in Lemgo, Germany. The main goal of the conference is to offer students, researchers and professionals in Germany, Italy and abroad, an opportunity to meet and exchange information, discuss experiences, specific practices and technical solutions for planning, design, and management of manufacturing and service systems and processes. As always, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. This year’s special focus is on Supply Chain Design and Management in the context of Industry 4.0, which are currently major topics of discussion among experts and professionals. In fact, the features and problems of Industry 4.0 have been widely discussed in the last editions of the PEM conference, in which sustainability and efficiency also emerged as key factors. With the further study and development of Direct Digital Manufacturing technologies in connection with new Management Practices and Supply Chain Designs, the 8th edition of the PEM conference aims to offer new and interesting scientific contributions. The conference program includes 25 speeches organized in seven sessions. Two are specifically dedicated to “Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0”. The other sessions are covering areas of great interest and importance to the participants of the conference, which are related to the main focus: “Supply Chai n Design and Management”, “Industrial Engineering and Lean Management”, “Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production”, and “Management Practices and Methodologies”. The proceedings of the conference include the articles submitted and accepted after a careful double-blind refereeing process.}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{306}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{554, abstract = {{Light guiding structures, like optical waveguides or fibers, take an important role in several industries, e.g. communication, sensing, illumination or medical applications. For the latter, it could be very interesting to have the possibility to manufacture problem-adapted structureswith a mechanicalfunctionality andwith additional embedded optical or electrical sensor functionalities.Modern additive manufacturing (AM) technologies like Stereolithography (SLA) or Fused Layer Modeling (FLM) may provide these opportunities.This paper is aimedto figure out the light guiding opportunities of both technologies. For this different kind of structures are built by FLM and SLA. To compare both manufacturing technologies, the layout of each structure is identical for both technologies. After manufacturing, the transmission and the attenuation of the guided light of these structures areanalyzed by measurement.Then the measurement results of the different technologies are compared with each other.}}, author = {{Beyer, Micha and Stübbe, Oliver and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management : proceedings 8th international conference, October 04 and 05, 2018, Lemgo, Germany}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Embedded optical waveguides, Optical sensors, SLA technology, FLM technology}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{70--82}}, title = {{{Comparsion of FLM and SLA Processing Technologies Towards Manufacturing of Optical Waveguides for Communicationi and Sensing Applications}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @misc{11134, author = {{Stübbe, Oliver and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{3D Printed Optics and Additive Photonic Manufacturing}}, editor = {{von Freymann, Georg and Herkommer, Alois M. and Flury, Manuel}}, issn = {{1996-756X}}, location = {{Strasbourg, France}}, publisher = {{SPIE}}, title = {{{Applying fused layer modeling technologies to print embedded 3D optical waveguide structures for communication and sensor applications}}}, doi = {{10.1117/12.2306910}}, volume = {{10675}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{550, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are increasingly used for final part production. Especially technologies for processing of metal, like Selective LaserMelting (SLM), arefocusedin this area. The shift from prototyping towards final part production results in enhanced requirements for repeatability and predictability of the part quality. Machine manufacturers offer process monitoring solutions for different aspects of the production process, like the powder bed surface, the melt pool, and the laser energy. Nevertheless, the significance of these systems is not fully proven and threshold values for the monitored process parameters have to be determined for each product individually. This impedes the development of suitable process control systems. The paper gives an overview ofexistingresearch approaches and available process monitoring systems for SLM and their applicability for predicting certain part characteristics. The existing solutions are evaluated based on own research results. Next, AM specific difficulties for the development of process control tools and possible solutions are discussed.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Process capability, Process monitoring, Quality assurance, Final part production}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{17--28}}, title = {{{Process Control for Selective Laser Melting - Opprtunities and Limitations}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{552, abstract = {{Since additive manufacturing (AM) is continuously growing, the influence of processing conditions and setup parameters on microstructural and mechanical properties of additively manufacturedcomponents needs to be clarified. The paper discusses an experimental approach for the identification of influencing parameters in Selective Laser Melting; this consists of an evaluation of the mechanical and physical properties of final parts, depending on the chosen process parameters. The Design of Experiments is used to get valid results from a limited number of experiments. The research work focuses on the application of a Definitive Screening Design to identify the most important influencing parameters: Several parameters of the hatch and the contour exposure are varied, as well as the position and orientation of the samples in the build chamber. A maraging steel and a CoCr alloy are used, and the mechanical and physical properties of the samples are evaluated. The interdependencies between the variation of the factors and the observed properties are analyzed.}}, author = {{Simoni, F. and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Process parameters, Design of Experiments, Density measurement}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{43--55}}, title = {{{Analysis of Influencing Parameters on Mechanical and Physical Properties of SLM Parts}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @inproceedings{553, abstract = {{Selective laser melting is a powder bed fusion technology that uses a laser as an energy source in order to directly build fullydensemetal parts. Optimal fabrication requires a comprehensiveunderstanding of the main processing,as it affectsthe part quality. Wherefore, the objective of this paper is to perform a survey, data checking and collecting ofprovided parameters to compare and contextualize it versus the respective values used in the processby the research studies. The work is focused on cobalt-chromium alloys (CoCr) which are widely used in dental and medical applications. This work focusesonsurfacequality and hardness as built and after the post-processes. As well, the approaches in bond strength after post-processing are considered, comparing the results made by different manufacturing techniques. Finally, this work compares results acquired in surface roughness asbuilt, and tensile strength of parts made by selective laser melting versus the traditional technique cast, before and after heat treatment.}}, author = {{Silva Gimenes Gandara, Joyce and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-03-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Material properties, Part properties, Process parameters}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{57--69}}, title = {{{Selective Laser Melting - CoCr Approach: Analysis of Manufacturer Parameters Versus Research Results}}}, year = {{2018}}, } @proceedings{309, abstract = {{It is our pleasure to introduce the seventh edition of the International Conference on Production Engineering and Management (PEM), an event that is the result of the joint effort of the University of Trieste and the Ostwestfalen- Lippe University of Applied Sciences. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program “Production Engineering and Management” by the two partner universities. This year the conference is hosted at the university campus in Pordenone. The main goal of the conference is to offer students, researchers and professionals in Germany, Italy and abroad, an opportunity to meet and exchange information, discuss experience, specific practices and technical solutions for planning, design and management of manufacturing and service systems and processes. As always, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. This year’s special focus is on industry sustainability, which is currently a major topic of discussion among experts and professionals. Sustainability can be considered as a requirement for any modern production processes and systems, and also has to be embedded in the context of Industry 4.0. In fact, the features and problems of industry 4.0 have been widely discussed in the last editions of the PEM conference, in which efficiency and waste reduction emerged as key factors. The study and development of the connections between future industry and sustainability is therefore critical, as highlighted in the recent “German Sustainable Development Strategy and the 2030 Agenda”. Accordingly, the seventh edition of the PEM conference aims to offer a contribution to the debate. The conference program includes 25 speeches organized in six sessions. Three are specifically dedicated to “Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0” and “Technology and Business for Circular Economy and Sustainable Production”. The other sessions are covering areas of great interest and importance to the participants of the conference, which are related to the main focus: “Innovative Management Techniques and Methodologies”, “Industrial Engineering and Lean Management” and “Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production”. The proceedings of the conference include the articles submitted and accepted after a careful double-blind refereeing process.}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, location = {{Pardenone, Italy}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{248}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{570, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing (AM) has matured rapidly during the last years due to the advancement of AM machines and materials. Nevertheless, the widespread adoption of AM is still challenged by producing parts with reliable quality. The aim of this paper is t o introduce a first approach to apply in-situ monitoring for quality evaluation of produced parts. Based on the monitored data, a model is developed, in order to predict the quality of ready built parts.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineeringand Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Nondestructive quality control, Predictive analytics, Metal model, Additive manufacturing}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{89--100}}, title = {{{Nondestructive Quality Check of Additive Manufactured Parts Using Empirical Models}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{573, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have not only revolutionized product development and design by enabling rapid prototyping. They also gained influence on production in general, mainly because of their direct manufacturing capabilities. In the context of Industry 4.0 and the related process automation, innovative and advanced production technologies with completely new approaches are required [1]. AM technologies contribute to this with their advantages like freedom of design, cost efficient product individualization, and functional integration. On the other hand, AM still shows shortcomings in exploiting its full potential. Most current AM technologies are only applicable for manufacturing with singular materials. In particular, opportunities for processing of optically or electrically conductive materials are still missing. This paper contributes to the advancement of additive manufacturing of two different material variants or even two completely different materials. A special focus is laid on producing a part that combines mechanical with optical or electrical functionalities in one process step. The ultimate goal is to integrate sensor functionalities into an AM object, e.g. strain gauges. Extrusion processes, predominantly Fused Layer Modeling (FLM), are preferred in this research due to their mechanically simple machine setup in which additional functional materials can be adapted easily to the build process. In a first step, the general manufacturability has been evaluated. Thereafter, the resulting optical transmission properties have been analyzed. Especially the attenuation has to remain below a threshold value to accomplish a minimum signal-to-noise ratio.}}, author = {{Ehlert, Patrick and Stübbe, Oliver and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Embedded optical waveguides, Electrical conductors, Embedded systems, FLM technology, Sensors}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{127--136}}, title = {{{Investigation on the Direct Manufacturing of Waveguides and Sensors Using FLM Technology}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{575, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing technologies can provide cost and time advantages in mold making, compared to traditional approaches. Nevertheless, their applicability is not yet completely proven, especially in terms of surface finishing. The aim of this research work is to create perfect mold inserts by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and to optimize surface quality. Therefore a process is developed to reduce the effort of surface quality optimization including a high flexibility in design. The tested process shows that simple and affordable methods can lead to usable molds with only minor restrictions in terms of appearance. Due to the initial reduction of layer thicknesses and distinct settings of laser melting parameters, the surface smoothness is significantly enhanced during the SLM building process. Subsequently blasting, manual grinding, as well as polishing operations, enable a selective smoothening of the surface up to a polished finish. As a result, the built tool parts can be used instantly for injection molding.}}, author = {{Elstermeyer, O. and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Tool making, Direct rapid tooling, Additively manufactured molds, Selective laser melting, Additive manufacturing process chain, Post-processing}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{101--113}}, title = {{{SLM Based Tooling for Injection Molding - Focus on Reduced Effort in Surface Quality Optimization}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{577, abstract = {{A rising number of product variants together with decreasing lot sizes are a result of the trend of individualization. Besides the upcoming organizational issues, changes in the production technologies are required. Direct digital manufacturing contributes to solve this problem by enabling the production of parts right from the CAD data.Process capability analysis is applied in several industries to prove the reliable compliance of products with quality requirements. As it is based on statistical methods, new challenges arise in the context of single-part production.The paper describes and compares different approaches for the adoption of process capability analysis for single-part production with special focus on additive manufacturing technologies. The statistical background and the applicability of different capability parameters are discussed. An overview of existing research work is given and supplemented by own approaches for the adoption of statistical methods for single-part production. The aim of the research work is to establish a first approach for the qualification of new technologies in single-part production.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Davis, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef and Scheideler, Eva}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Statistical process control, Process capability analysis, Single-part production, Process optimization}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{63--74}}, title = {{{Deployment of Process Capability Analysis for Single-Part Production}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{579, abstract = {{Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a powder bed fusion process to produce additively metal parts. From the current point of view, it seems to be one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies for the production of end use parts. An increasing number of examples prove the successful application of SLM for technical part production. Nevertheless, they also show the enormous effort that is still required to qualify the production process of every single part individually.The present paper gives an overview of the major influencing factors of the SLM process. To get a comprehensive research approach, existing publications on the topic are taken into account as well as own experimental work, evaluating the effects of the process parameters on the relative density of samples made from tool steel. The experimental setup and the results are described and opportunities for the further research work are discussed.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Selective laser melting, Additive manufacturing, Process parameters, Process optimization}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{13--34}}, title = {{{Influencing Factors on Part Quality in Selective Laser Melting}}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{580, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) is increasingly used to design new products. This is possible due to the further development of the AM-processes and materials. The lack of quality assurance of AM built parts is a key technological barrier that prevents manufacturers from adopting. The quality of an additive manufactured part is influenced by more than 50 parameters, which make process control difficult. Current research deals with using real time monitoring of the melt pool as feedback control for laser power. This paper illustrates challenges and opportunities of applying statistical predictive modeling and unsupervised learning to control additive manufacturing. In particular, an approach how to build a feedforward controller will be discussed.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Ahlemeyer-Stubbe, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{ Production engineering and management : proceedings 7th international conference, September 28 and 29, 2017, Pordenone, Italy }}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-01-6}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, Process control, Predictive modeling, Predictive control}}, location = {{Pordenone, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{3--12}}, title = {{{Quality Control of Additive Manufacturing Using Statistical Prediction Models}}}, volume = {{2017}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{581, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Rapid.Tech – International Trade Show & Conference for Additive Manufacturing}}, isbn = {{978-3-44645459-0}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{10--24}}, publisher = {{Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG}}, title = {{{Anforderungen an integrierte Prozessketten in der Additiven Fertigung}}}, doi = {{10.3139/9783446454606.001}}, year = {{2017}}, } @inproceedings{457, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) increasingly enables the realization of structures, which have a much greater freedom of design und can therefore better use nature as a design ideal. Bionic design principles have already been introduced into general design approaches, and several topology optimization systems (TO) are available today to increase structural stiffness and to enable lightweight design. AM and TO, used in synergy, promise completely new application areas. However, staircase effects resulting from a layer-by-layer build process and unavoidable support structures which must be mechanically removed afterwards are disadvantageous with respect to surface texture and strength properties. The present article addresses the question of how far the notches resulting from the staircase effect of Additive Manufacturing and the support structures removed decrease the strength of components. Most engineers try to follow the inner flow of forces in a part’s design by smoothening surfaces in notched areas. Considering this, a elected component is investigated with finite element analysis (FEA) with special regard for the concentration of tress arising from surface notch effects. An outlook is given as regards how a reduction of the notch effect from the taircase effect can be achieved effectively.}}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef and Adam, G. and Timmer, Mirco}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management Proceedings 6th International Conference}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Additive Manufacturing, Topology optimization, Staircase effect, Support structures, Stress concentration, Lightweight construction, Design rules, Notch effect}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{39--50}}, title = {{{Topology Optimization and Additive Manufacturing – A Perfect Symbiosis?}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{473, abstract = {{Additive Manufacturing (AM) describes a number of technologies that generate three-dimensional objects directly from CAD data by joining volume elements. Dental technology is one sector in which the benefits of AM come into effect, as parts such as frameworks or implants are unique objects often with freeform shapes. These objects are difficult and expensive to produce with subtractive or formative technology. During the last decades, the application of digital technologies in the dental industry has increased. Therefore AM has also evolved to become a standard dental framework manufacturing process. While previously the dental laboratory did the complete manufacturing of dental frameworks, AM parts are usually produced by service providers, thus increasing the number of process participants. Under these circumstances, a reliable high quality production must be ensured. This requires a comprehensive Quality Management (QM) concept for the whole process chain. A first step in the evelopment of this QM concept is the definition of the product requirements, from which process specifications can be determined. These specifications build the basis for evaluating the process capability of the Additive Manufacturing process.}}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, keywords = {{Additive Manufacturing, Dental frameworks, Quality management, Digital manufacturing}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{15--26}}, title = {{{Special Requirements for Additive Manufacturing of Dental Frameworks}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @proceedings{333, abstract = {{The annual International Conference on Production Engineering and Management takes place for the sixth time his year, and can therefore be considered a well - established event that is the result of the joint effort of the OWL University of Applied Sciences and the University of Trieste. The conference has been established as an annual meeting under the Double Degree Master Program ‘Production Engineering and Management’ by the two partner universities. The main goal of the conference is to provide an opportunity for students, researchers and professionals from Germany, Italy and abroad, to meet and exchange information, discuss experiences, specific practices and technical solutions used in planning, design and management of production and service systems. In addition, the conference is a platform aimed at presenting research projects, introducing young academics to the tradition of Symposiums and promoting the exchange of ideas between the industry and the academy. Especially the contributions of successful graduates of the Double Degree Master Program ‘Production Engineering and Management’ and those of other postgraduate researchers from several European countries have been enforced. This year’s special focus is on Direct Digital Manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0, a topic of great interest for the global industry. The concept is spreading, but the actual solutions must be presented in order to highlight the practical benefits to industry and customers. Indeed, as Henning Banthien, Secretary General of the German ‘Plattform Industrie 4.0’ project office, has recently remarked, “Industry 4.0 requires a close alliance amongst the private sector, academia, politics and trade unions” in order to be “translated into practice and be implemented now”. PEM 2016 takes place between September 29 and 30, 2016 at the OWL University of Applied Sciences in Lemgo. The program is defined by the Organizing and Scientific Committees and clustered into scientific sessions covering topics of main interest and importance to the participants of the conference. The scientific sessions deal with technical and engineering issues, as well as management topics, and include contributions by researchers from academia and industry. The extended abstracts and full papers of the contributions underwent a double - blind review process. The 24 accepted presentations are assigned, according to their subject, to one of the following sessions: ‘Direct Digital Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0’, ‘Industrial Engineering and Lean Management’, ‘Management Techniques and Methodologies’, ‘Wood Processing Technologies and Furniture Production’ and ‘Innovation Techniques and Methodologies.}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{304}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{587, abstract = {{Development engineers are most valued for their excellence in physical product development, but on the flipside, project managers face problems when trying to fit them into effectively running development processes. Because of the advantages of Lean Management in production (Lean Production), process managers often try to transfer lean principles directly to development processes, not considering that major differences exist between well-described production processes and new product development processes which include much more uncertainty and risk. Nevertheless, several lean principals are applicable in product development. This paper describes five lean development insights (LDIs) which were found when optimizing an entire product realization process. Lean principles have been examined and then translated to collaboration between product development and tool manufacturing at a globally operating German family-run company. These LDIs are meant to help project and process managers, consultants and developers to rethink their ways of organizing product development. The application of these insights will result in increased transparency, intensified collaboration, improved processes and quality, shortened lead times, and also eliminate waste.}}, author = {{Riediger, M. and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Lean development, Collaboration, Agile, PLM, Frontloading, Simultaneous engineering}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{111--122}}, title = {{{Five Insights in Effectively Managing Product Development}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{594, abstract = {{Due to steadily increased demand for customized products, as well as their enhanced complexity and shorter product lifecycles, companies in all industries require a reliable prediction of the expected product development costs from the very start of product realization. Incorrectly estimated project costs may lead to serious consequences in the course of a development project. For example, offers are most often based on such early cost estimations and consequently, a major safety margin has to be added, which may result in the refusal of an order. A too low estimation of the costs of aproduct development project, on the other hand, may result in a loss for the project.In this paper, a software tool is presented for the prediction of product development costs which offers the user the ability to create a more accurate prediction of project costs on the basis of a minimum of retrograde project information. By combining a parametric cost model and cost result with stochastic character, based on the Monte Carlo method, in one software system, it is possible to significantly improve projectcost estimations.}}, author = {{Otte, Andreas and Scheideler, Eva and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Department of Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-946856-00-9}}, keywords = {{Cost prediction, Product realization projects, Monte Carlo method, Parametric cost model, Software tool}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{281--292}}, title = {{{Project Cost Estimator - A Parameter-Based Tool to Predict Product Realization Costs at a Very Early Stage}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @proceedings{335, abstract = {{The University of Trieste (Università degli Studi di Trieste) and the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences introduced the International Double Degree Master Program ‘Production Engineering and Management’ in 2011. Its aim is to give students in Italy and Germany, along with other countries, the chance to learn the necessary abilities from lecturers and each other. This Master Program has been accompanied by the International Conference ‘Production Engineering and Management’ from the very beginning. The annual International Conference on Production Engineering and Management took place for the fifth time this year, and can therefore be considered a well-established event originating from the partnership between the University of Trieste (Italy) and the Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences (Germany). The main aim of the five conferences has been to bridge the gap between production engineering and management theory and practice, by offering a platform where academia and industry could discuss practical and pressing questions. In this respect, the fifth conference (PEM 2015) continues along the same path of the first four successful conferences, which were held in Pordenone (2011), Lemgo (2012), Trieste (2013) and again in Lemgo (2014). PEM 2015 benefited further from contributions from other universities and from research and industry projects. Especially the contributions of successful graduates of the double degree Master’s program Production Engineering and Management and those of other postgraduate researchers from several European count ries have been enforced in this year. The title ‘An active interaction between university and industry’ introduced two years ago to emphasize lively cooperation proved to be more than appropriate in the conference’s main orientation: • To present current research projects and their results at a highly sophisticated scientific level • To discuss recent developments in industry and society • To bring professionals, specialists and students together • To enable professionals, lecturers and professors to exchange experiences • To familiarize young professionals and students with scientific conference procedures • To give postgraduate and Ph.D. students the chance to present a paper • To show the two partner regions’ uniqueness and performance • To attract students for an international career in the industry • To encourage students to be open-minded about different cultures, mentalities and manners PEM 2015 took place between October 1 and 2, 2015 at the University of Trieste. The program was defined by the Organizing and Scientific Committees and clustered into five scientific sessions. Both universities and their partner organizations debated on these topics by reporting their research, experiences and success stories. The scientific sessions dealt with technical and engineering issues, as well as management topics, and included contributions by researchers from academia and industry. The extended abstracts and full papers of the contributions underwent a double-blind review process. The 35 accepted presentations were assigned, according to their subject, to one of the following sessions:, ‘Industrial Engineering and Lean Management’, ‘Technology and Supporting Services for Manufacturing’, ‘Product Lifecycle, from Concept to Market and Use’, ‘Supply Chain Design and Management’ and ‘Management Practices and Methodologies’. These sessions have been carefully selected by the organizing and scientific committees and are aimed at highlighting some of the current production industry’s most discussed topics. Therefore, the articles sustainability and revolutionary developments in modern industry and cover not only production in a narrower sense, but also new aspects of: innovation and product development, of supply chains, of quality improvement. The proceedings have been drawn together to form 35 full papers of the scientific contributions. The articles were reviewed by the Scientific Committee before being accepted. As the editors of the proceedings, we would like to thank all contributors, the referees who accepted the burden of reviewing the abstracts as well as the full papers and the members of the Organizing Committee and Scientific Committee for planning such an effective conference.}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{.}}, pages = {{418}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{585, abstract = {{Many low-cost 3D printers have been brought to market over the last couple of years. Most of them apply a Fused Layer Manufacturing (FLM) process, and have made 3D printing a great success amongst hobbyists, the maker community and students. One drawback of such inexpensive equipment is a limited build envelope, which prevents this from becoming a significant contributor to industrial production. To overcome these limits, it is not sufficient to simply upscale dimensions, but the overall concept of such machines must be completely re-thought, as well as the concepts behind several building blocks, components and the process software system. Problems such as shrinkage of build material, support material and machine parts in combination with long printer head travels, temperature distribution and moisture effects all have to be solved. In addition, larger parts need longer process times. Therefore, reduction of process times and an increase in productivity are necessary in order to enable economic production. Some of these problems can be solved by using more than one printer head for production, by using new materials and inventing new nozzle systems as distinct solutions for big printers. Nevertheless, to solve all these problems, the development of special machines for large parts is necessary: not component-wise but as a whole system. Large parts could then be successfully produced in several industries, using large, inexpensive FLMmachines. }}, author = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Witte, Lars}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{3D printing, FLM, build envelope, large-scale, thermoplastic polymers}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{111--122}}, title = {{{Large Scale 3D-Printers: The Challenge of Outgrowing Do-It-Yourself}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{597, abstract = {{This paper is aimed to discuss current research using data mining techniques and industry statistics in production environments. The general research approach is based on the idea of using data mining processes and techniques of industry statistics to find rare and hidden patterns behind failures of complex components. A case study will be applied to illustrate how the technique is carried out and where the limits of this approach occur. The case study deals with a component supplier of printing machines, which received an increasing number of client complaints, all related to one distinct problem. The observed failures seem to occur only among clients with very high quality standards. The affected component undergoes a very complex production process with several steps in different departments. Every single production unit records data information from multiple process variables and at different points in time. In the beginning there was no understanding of the failure causes in production at all. Therefore a huge amount of production data had to be analyzed to find the pattern that discloses the failure. The data mining process starts with a first step in which the given data sets are prepared and then cleaned. Followed up by building a prediction model. The aim is to detect the root causes for failures and to predict potential failures in affected components. This paper shows how to use data mining to get the answer on pressing production failures. }}, author = {{Scheideler, Eva and Ahlemeyer-Stubbe, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management : proceedings, 5th international conference, October 1 and 2, 2015, Trieste, Italy}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{Data mining, production failure, multi-variant analysis, multivariate process control, predictive modelling, case study}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{163--174}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Data Mining: A Potential Detector to Find Failure in Complex Components}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{598, abstract = {{The aerospace sector is characterized by long product life cycles and a need for lightweight design. Additive manufacturing is a technology that produces parts layer by layer and thus enables the manufacturing of any complex parts at nearly no extra costs. A topology optimization enhances the part’s performance for their special purpose. The results are often complex bionic structures that cannot be produced with conventional manufacturing technologies. The paper analyzes how the high potential of this technologycan be applied to aerospace parts. A topology optimization will be conducted for an aircraft part explaining the crucial points and a life cycle analysis examines the achieved sustainable improvements for the aircraft’s life cycle. }}, author = {{Huxol, Andrea and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-11-0}}, keywords = {{Additive manufacturing, topology optimization, aerospace, life cycle costs}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{207--218}}, title = {{{Hybrid Manufacturing Machines: Combining Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Technologies}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{670, abstract = {{Trotz einer zunehmenden Bedeutung additiver Fertigungsverfahren liegen bisher noch keine umfassenden ergonomischen Untersuchungen zur Arbeit an Maschinen der additiven Fertigung vor. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden daher die Arbeitsprozesse an Lasersintermaschinen über REFA-Ablauf- und Zeitstudien untersucht. Die Vorgehensweise orientierte sich dabei an der Norm DIN EN ISO 9241-210:2010 und beinhaltete die Erfassung des Nutzungskontextes, die Durchführung von Usability-Tests und die Entwicklung von Gestaltungsempfehlungen.}}, author = {{Riediger, Daniel and Hinrichsen, Sven and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Gestaltung der Arbeitswelt der Zukunft : 60. Kongress der Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft }}, isbn = {{978-3-936804-17-1}}, location = {{München}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{94--96}}, publisher = {{GfA-Press}}, title = {{{Ergonomische Gestaltung von Arbeitsprozessen in der additiven Fertigung}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @inproceedings{671, abstract = {{Additive manufacturing processes such as laser sintering are characterized by a high rate of innovation, are a standard procedure in rapid prototyping and are becoming increasingly important in small-series production. Despite the growing importance of additive manufacturing processes, there are no comprehensive ergonomic studies about work using additive manufacturing systems. This study therefore investigates the working processes of laser sintering systems. The method is guided by the DIN EN ISO 9241-210:2011 standard and helps to record the context of use, to accomplish usability tests and to develop design recommendations. The outcome of the study shows that the efficiency of the laser sintering operating process can be significantly increased by implementing ergonomic recommendations and consequently further improve the employees’ working conditions.}}, author = {{Riediger, Daniel and Hinrichsen, Sven and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management}}, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, keywords = {{ergonomic design, additive manufacturing, laser sintering, usability}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, number = {{10}}, pages = {{61--68}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{Ergonomic Design of Laser Sintering Systems - Results of an Empirical Study}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @proceedings{589, editor = {{Villmer, Franz-Josef and Padoano, Elio}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-10-3}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, pages = {{301}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, volume = {{10}}, year = {{2014}}, } @inproceedings{5933, abstract = {{Outsourcing of logistics services is common practice for many manufacturers and retail companies. The main reasons given by decision makers are improving 'value for money' and flexibility. Often, this is justified with the company's need to focus on so-called 'core competencies'. Correspondingly, most outsourcing projects are triggered by the objective to reduce costs, while only a smaller proportion is driven by the objective to improve quality and overall performance. In reality, however, the expected benefits are often not (fully) achieved.}}, author = {{Boone, Nicholas}}, booktitle = {{Production Engineering and Management. Proceedings 4th International Conference. 25.- 26.09.2014 in Lemgo}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-10-3}}, location = {{Lemgo}}, pages = {{251 -- 264}}, publisher = {{Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe}}, title = {{{WHY BOTHER WITH OUTSOURCING? - SUCCESS FACTORS AND CORE COMPETENCIES}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @inproceedings{5937, abstract = {{Based on literature research, this paper tries to identify supply chain relevant trends in the furniture industry. Also, the situation in the furniture Industry is compared to that of the automotive and the Fast Moving Consumer Goods industry in order to see if some of the successful supply chain strategies in these industries can be transferred. Key findings are that supply chain measures are often underestimated, both on the retail and on the manufacturer side. The furniture industry is found to lack standards in IT, processes and handling equipment. However, there is growing consensus that integrated processes are extremely important for a company's business success.}}, author = {{Boone, Nicholas}}, booktitle = {{Production engineering and management proceedings 3rd international conference 26th and 27th September 2013 Trieste, Italy}}, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-09-7}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, pages = {{55 -- 67}}, title = {{{IMPROVING THE FURNITURE SUPPLY CHAIN BY LEARNING FROM OTHER INDUSTRIES}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @proceedings{725, editor = {{Padoano, Elio and Villmer, Franz-Josef}}, isbn = {{978-3-941645-09-7}}, location = {{Trieste, Italy}}, pages = {{282}}, title = {{{Production Engineering and Management}}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2013}}, }