@inproceedings{1991,
  author       = {{Funk, Mark and Scharf, Matthias and Dörksen, Helene and Danneel, Hans-Jürgen and Lohweg, Volker and Hübner, Michael and Schaede, Johannes and Stierman, Rob and Knobloch, Alexander and Le, Dinh Khoi and Gillich, Eugen and Mönks, Uwe}},
  booktitle    = {{ODS 2020 Review}},
  location     = {{San Francisco}},
  title        = {{{Creating a Self-authentication System for Smart Banknotes}}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@inproceedings{1996,
  abstract     = {{Intelligent technical systems need to become more flexible and adaptive in the context of Cyber-Physical-Systems and Industry 4.0. Cash supply is very important for the worldwide economy. Within the supply chain, handling processes are highly automated, e.g., automated teller machines are installed to ensure an efficient and reliable cash supply. Recently, there is a trend in automated cash handling systems to replace the cash cassettes for each denomination by a simple pitch-in-plastic-bag for all banknotes. This necessitates new automated handling approaches because the bag content will unload irregularly. We propose a new approach which is able to detect the pose and possible occlusions of randomly distributed textured banknotes with simple smartphone cameras. This information can be used to control a handling robot-picking out banknotes.}},
  author       = {{Gillich, Eugen and Fritze, Alexander and Henning, Kai-Fabian and Pfeifer, Anton and Dörksen, Helene and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{5th IEEE International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry}},
  title        = {{{Camera-based Occlusion Detection for Banknote Sorting}}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

@inproceedings{2011,
  author       = {{Lohweg, Volker and Funk, Mark and Scharf, Matthias and Dörksen, Helene and Danneel, Hans-Jürgen and Hübner, Michael and Schaede, Johannes and Thony, Emmanuel and Knobloch, Alexander and Lee, Dinh Khoi and Mönks, Uwe and Gillich, Eugen}},
  booktitle    = {{Optical Document Security - The Conference on Optical Security and Counterfeit Detection XII San Francisco}},
  location     = {{San Francisco, USA}},
  title        = {{{smartBN—Intelligent Protection and Authentication in Payment Transactions by Smart Banknotes}}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@inproceedings{2039,
  abstract     = {{In this paper an advanced approach for Intaglio quality control is presented.  In the first step, the essential informationabout the printing process, research objects and measurement setup is provided.  Following, the mathematical approachbased on image processing methods is described which imitates the printers manner to examine the optical characteristicsof Intaglio prints.  The main focus is the early recognition of tending quality deviations to be able to support the printerthrough recommendations on readjustments of the machine settings.  Therefore, specific key values are generated whichdescribe the prints overall quality, regarding its optical characteristics and the occurrence of printing flaws.  The resultsshown at the end encourage extended developments.}},
  author       = {{Funk, Mark and Gillich, Eugen and Türke, Thomas and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{Optical Document Security - The Conference on Optical Security and Counterfeit Detection V}},
  title        = {{{Intaglio Quality Measurement}}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

@inproceedings{2040,
  abstract     = {{Banknote authentication plays a fundamental role in banknote circulation. Banknotes undergo some major changes in thenext years because electronic payment systems will get more common which will change the user behaviour. Furthermore,technologies of counterfeiters will improve progressively and continuously.   We propose a two-sage procedure for theeffective development for the design of simple electronics for cash handliung systems:  First, we establish a high qualityimage acquisition system which allows for a consistent image capture quality and is able to handle complex softwarealgorithms for banknote authentication.  Second, we take the algorithms and port them on cost-efficient hardware.  It isshown in this paper that a reliable authentication of almost each banknote is possible for to specialised low-cost systemssuch as point-of-sale cash units.}},
  author       = {{Gillich, Eugen and Hoffmann, Jan Leif and Dörksen, Helene and Lohweg, Volker and Schaede, Johannes}},
  booktitle    = {{Optical Document Security - The Conference on Optical Security and Counterfeit Detection V}},
  title        = {{{Data Collection Unit – A Platform for Printing Process Authentication}}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

@inproceedings{2042,
  abstract     = {{Today, a major part of counterfeits is produced by commercial offset printing machines.  The counterfeiters use mainlyraster printing (rosette printing).  Our approach aims at analysing the banknotes for the presence of commercial printingprocedures by means of intrinsic features.  For this purpose, the images are analysed in view to periodic printing patternsby means of the Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT). The typical raster frequencies are detected. The rosette pattern isseparated by suppression of the remaining image frequencies and the subsequent back-transformation.}},
  author       = {{Pfeifer, Anton and Gillich, Eugen and Lohweg, Volker and Schaede, Johannes}},
  booktitle    = {{Optical Document Security - The Conference on Optical Security and Counterfeit Detection V}},
  title        = {{{Detection of Commercial Offset Printing in Counterfeited Banknotes}}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

@inproceedings{2155,
  abstract     = {{Today, mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, etc.) are widespread and of high importance for their users. Their performance as well as versatility increases over time. This leads to the opportunity to use such devices for more specific tasks like image processing in an industrial context. For the analysis of images requirements like image quality (blur, illumination, etc.) as well as a defined relative position of the object to be inspected are crucial. Since mobile devices are handheld and used in constantly changing environments the challenge is to fulfill these requirements. We present an approach to overcome the obstacles and stabilize the image capturing process such that image analysis becomes significantly improved on mobile devices. Therefore, image processing methods are combined with sensor fusion concepts. The approach consists of three main parts. First, pose estimation methods are used to guide a user moving the device to a defined position. Second, the sensors data and the pose information are combined for relative motion estimation. Finally, the image capturing process is automated. It is triggered depending on the alignment of the device and the object as well as the image quality that can be achieved under consideration of motion and environmental effects.}},
  author       = {{Henning, Kai-Fabian and Fritze, Alexander and Gillich, Eugen and Mönks, Uwe and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{IST/SPIE Electronic Imaging 2015, Digital Photography and Mobile Imaging XI}},
  keywords     = {{Image processing, Image acquisition, Mobile devices  Sensors, Image fusion, Motion estimation, Cameras}},
  pages        = {{1--12}},
  publisher    = {{SPIE}},
  title        = {{{Stable Image Acquisition for Mobile Image Processing Applications}}},
  doi          = {{10.1117/12.2076146}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

@inproceedings{2166,
  author       = {{Gillich, Eugen and Dörksen, Helene and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{IST/SPIE Electronic Imaging 2015, Image Processing: Machine Vision Applications VIII}},
  pages        = {{1--12}},
  publisher    = {{SPIE}},
  title        = {{{Advanced Color Processing for Mobile Devices }}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

@inproceedings{2147,
  author       = {{Gillich, Eugen and Dörksen, Helene and Lohweg, Volker}},
  title        = {{{Generation of robust optical paths – Color Processing for Mobile Devices. }}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{2148,
  author       = {{Hofmann, Jürg and Gillich, Eugen and Dörksen, Helene and Chassot, Daniel and Schaede, Johannes and Türke, Thomas and Lohweg, Volker}},
  title        = {{{New Strategies in Image Processing for Standardized Intaglio Quality Analysis in the Printing Process.}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{2129,
  abstract     = {{Maintaining confidence in security documents, especially banknotes, is and remains a major concern for the central banks in order to maintain the stability of the economy around the world. In this paper we describe an image processing and pattern recognition approach which is based on the Sound-of-Intaglio principle for the usage in smart devices such as smartphones. Today, in many world regions smartphones are in use. These devices become more and more computing units, equipped with resource-limited, but effective CPUs, cameras with illumination, and flexible operating systems. Hence, it is obvious to apply smartphones for banknote authentication, especially for visually impaired persons. Our approach shows that those devices are capable of processing data under the constraints of image quality and processing power. Strictly a mobile device as such is not an industrial product for harsh environments, but it is possible to use mobile devices for banknote authentication. The concept is based on a new strategy for constructing adaptive Wavelets for the analysis of different print patterns on a banknote. Furthermore, a banknote specific feature vector is generated which describes an authentic banknote effectively under various illumination conditions. A multi-stage Lineardiscriminant- analysis classifier generates stable and reliable output.}},
  author       = {{Lohweg, Volker and Dörksen, Helene and Hoffmann, Jan Leif and Hildebrand, Roland and Gillich, Eugen and Schaede, Johannes and Hofmann, Jürg}},
  booktitle    = {{Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics 2013}},
  publisher    = {{(03-07.02.2013) IST/SPIE Electronic Imaging 2013}},
  title        = {{{Banknote authentication with mobile devices}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2001444}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{2104,
  abstract     = {{Maintaining confidence in  security  documents,  especially  banknotes,  is  and  remains  a  major  concern  for  the  central  banks in order to maintain the stability of the economy around the world. In this paper we describe an image processing and  pattern  recognition  approach  which  is  based  on  the  Sound-of-Intaglio  concept  [1]  for  the  usage  in  smart  devices  such  as  smartphones.  Today,  in  many  world  regions  smartphones  are  in  use.  These  devices  become  more  and  more  computing units, equipped with resource-limited but effective CPUs, cameras with illumination, and flexible operating systems.  Hence,  it  appears  to  be  obvious,  to  apply  those  smartphones  for  banknote  authentication,  especially  for  visually impaired persons. However, it has to be researched, whether those devices are capable of processing  the  data  under the constraints of image quality and processing power. Our results show that it is in general possible to use such devices for banknote authentication applications.}},
  author       = {{Lohweg, Volker and Dörksen, Helene and Gillich, Eugen and Hildebrand, Roland and Hoffmann, Jan Leif and Schaede, Johannes}},
  journal      = {{Optical Document Security - The Conference on Optical Security and Counterfeit Detection III}},
  keywords     = {{authentication, anti-counterfeit features, mobile device, smartphone, wavelet transform, pattern recognition, Sound-of-Intaglio}},
  title        = {{{Mobile Devices for Banknote Authentication – is it possible? In: Optical Document Security - The Conference on Optical Security and Counterfeit Detection III, San Francisco, CA, USA, January 18-20, 2012. }}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}

@inproceedings{2116,
  abstract     = {{Favored by hardware development, since the mid-2000s, cameras can be found in mobile phones. With the advent of the Apple iPhonethey are equipped with a multi-touch high-resolution display. Their included  battery  and  low  costs  make  them  attractive  for  smart  cameraapplications.  This  paper  shows  several  scenarios,  in  which  advantagesand disadvantages of smartphones are inspected. A real-life applicationis  given,  which  shows  that  a  phone  of  this  kind  can  be  used  for  printinspection and banknote authentication}},
  author       = {{Gillich, Eugen and Hildebrand, Roland and Hoffmann, Jan Leif and Dörksen, Helene and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{BVAu 2012 - 3. Jahreskolloquium "Bildverarbeitung in der Automation" Centrum Industrial IT, Lemgo,}},
  keywords     = {{smart camera, smartphones, banknotes, authentication}},
  publisher    = {{inIT-Institut für industrielle Informationstechnik}},
  title        = {{{Smartphones as Smart Cameras – Is It Possible?}}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}

@inproceedings{2096,
  abstract     = {{Automatic banknote sheet cut-and-bundle machines are widely used within the scope of banknote production. Beside the cutting-and-bundling, which is a mature technology, image-processing-based quality inspection for this type of machine is attractive. We present in this work a new real-time Touchless Counting and perspective cutting blade quality insurance system, based on a Color-CCD-Camera and a dual-core Computer, for cut-and-bundle applications in banknote production. The system, which applies Wavelet-based multi-scale filtering is able to count banknotes inside a 100-bundle within 200-300 ms depending on the window size.}},
  author       = {{Petker, Denis and Türke, Thomas and Willeke, Harald and Schaede, Johannes and Gillich, Eugen and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{IST/SPIE Electronic Imaging 2011 Conference}},
  publisher    = {{San Francisco, California, United States}},
  title        = {{{Real-time Wavelet-Based Inline Banknote-in-Bundle Counting for Cut-and-Bundle Machines}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1117/12.872357}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}

@inproceedings{2085,
  author       = {{Lohweg, Volker and Gillich, Eugen and Glock, Stefan and Mönks, Uwe and Schaede, Johannes}},
  booktitle    = {{2. inIT KBA-Giori International Workshop on "Detection of Banknote Forgeries"}},
  publisher    = {{Orell Füssli, Zürich, 22-24 March 2010}},
  title        = {{{Intaglio Based Banknote Authentication}}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@inproceedings{2094,
  author       = {{Gillich, Eugen and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{1. Jahresolloquium "Bildverarbeitung in der Automation"}},
  publisher    = {{Centrum Industrial IT, Lemgo}},
  title        = {{{Banknotenauthentifizierung}}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@inbook{2076,
  abstract     = {{Segmentation and feature extraction algorithms based on Wavelet Transform or Wavelet Packet Transform are established in pattern recognition. Especially in the field of texture analysis they are known to be practical. One difficulty of texture analysis was in the past the characterization of different printing processes. In this paper we present a new algorithmic concept to feature extraction of textures, printed by different printing techniques, without the necessity of a previous teaching phase. The typical characters of distinct printed textures are extracted by first order statistical moments of wavelet coefficients. The algorithm uses the 2D incomplete shift invariant Wavelet Packet Transform, resulting in a fast execution time of O(<i>N</i>log<sub>2</sub>(<i>N</i>)). Since the incomplete shift invariant Wavelet Packet Transform was exclusively defined for 1D-signals, it has been modified in this research. The application describes the detection of different printed security textures. }},
  author       = {{Glock, Stefan and Gillich, Eugen and Schaede, Johannes and Lohweg, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{Pattern Recognition}},
  editor       = {{Denzler, J. and Notni, G. and Süße, H.}},
  isbn         = {{978-3-642-03797-9}},
  keywords     = {{Discrete Wavelet Transform, Wavelet Transform, Wavelet Packet, Decomposition Level, Printing Technique}},
  pages        = {{422--431}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  title        = {{{Feature Extraction Algorithm for Banknote Textures based on Incomplete Shift Invariant Wavelet Packet Transform}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03798-6_43}},
  volume       = {{5748}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

@inproceedings{2078,
  author       = {{Lohweg, Volker and Gillich, Eugen and Schaede, Johannes}},
  booktitle    = {{inIT KBA-Giori International Workshop on "Detection of Banknote Forgeries", Blomberg, 10-12 August 2009}},
  title        = {{{New Concepts in Banknote Authentication}}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}