@inbook{4025, abstract = {{Power electronic devices are growing in importance in automotive applications. Power converters are used in hybrid electric vehicles, but also in other vehicle applications like electric steering systems for example. For testing electronic equipment, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation is a today’s standard method in the automotive industry and other fields, as well. This contribution provides an overview of different average modeling methods for the real-time simulation of power electronics, which are necessary for hardware-in-the-loop simulation. The average models are described and evaluated by the criteria computation effort, algorithmizability, generalizability and platform usability. The results are summarized to give hints to development engineers for choosing a suitable modeling approach for hardware-in-the-loop simulation of their specific applications.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Schulte, Thomas}}, booktitle = {{Simulation and Testing for Vehicle Technology}}, editor = {{Gühmann, C. and von Rüden, K.}}, isbn = {{978-3-319-32345-9}}, location = {{Berlin}}, pages = {{319 -- 342}}, publisher = {{Springer International Publishing }}, title = {{{Average Models for Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Power Electronic Circuits}}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inproceedings{4016, abstract = {{Power electronic devices are growing in importance in automotive applications. Power converters are used in hybrid electric vehicles but also in other vehicle applications like electric steering systems for example. For testing electronic equipment, hardware-in-the-loop simulation is a today's standard method in the automotive industry. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation requires a real-time capable model of the plant but the development of those models of power electronic circuits is still an ambitious task due to the switching of the semiconductors devices. In this contribution, a FPGA-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a rectifier with power factor correction will be presented. First a short introduction on modelling methods for real-time simulation of power electronics and the rectifier with power factor correction is given. Furthermore, the modeling of the rectifier and the power factor correction stage and the simulation algorithm are described. Finally, the implementation of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation and measurement results from the real plant are presented and compared to the simulation results.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Schulte, Thomas}}, location = {{Geneva, Switzerland}}, pages = {{1 -- 8}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{FPGA-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a rectifier with power factor correction}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{4039, abstract = {{Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of power electronic devices is growing in importance in diverse fields. For testing the electronic control units in automotive applications hardware-in-the-loop simulation is a today's standard method. It is also applied for many industrial applications like power converters and electric drives. Anyway real-time capable models of power electronics are required. In this contribution, a novel approach for real-time simulation of power electronic circuits comprising fast FPGA-based output models is presented. Two types of modeling circuits are described and compared to each other. Both methods do not fulfill the requirements of the novel approach to combine the advantages of the processor- and FPGA-based simulation. Hence, parts of both methods were combined. Additionally, the switching event detection was improved for low latency reaction and a correction method based on average control is described. The simulation results matches to the reference very well. Therefore the novel approach Is an interesting alternative for hardware-in-the-loop simulation when the algorithm of the electronic control unit requires a very fast reaction on switching events.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Brose, Manuel and Schulte, Thomas}}, booktitle = {{PCIM Europe, International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, 2013}}, isbn = {{978-1-62993-308-5}}, pages = {{1688 -- 1695}}, publisher = {{Curran Associates, Inc.}}, title = {{{Novel Approach for Real-time Simulation of Power Eiectronic Circuits Comprising Fast FPGA-based Output Modeis}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{4002, abstract = {{Power electronic devices are growing in importance in automotive applications. Power converters are used in hybrid electric vehicles but also in other vehicle applications like electric steering systems for example. For testing electronic equipment, hardware-in-the-loop simulation is a today’s standard method in the automotive industry. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation requires a real-time capable model of the plant but the development of those models of power electronic circuits is still an ambitious task due to the switching of the semiconductors devices. Real-time simulation usually requires a fixed step-size which does not allow classic zero crossing detection algorithms. Depending on the chosen real-time platform, the minimum possible step-size of the real-time simulation is limited and requires special algorithms for an appropri-ate and precise simulation of these high dynamic systems. In this contribution, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a rectifier with power factor correction will be presented. First a short outline on modelling methods for real-time simulation of power electronics is given and an approach for determining the model as well as the necessary assumptions and simplifications are described. Finally, the hardware-in-the-loop bench is described and measurement results from the real plant and the simulation results are compared.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Schulte, Thomas}}, location = {{Berlin}}, title = {{{HIL Simulation of a Rectifier with Power Factor Correction}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @inproceedings{4004, abstract = {{Power electronic devices are important in almost all industrial sectors. Power converters are used for electric drive systems in the production of an automation industry, in the automotive industry, as power supplies in telecommunications or for power conversion in power supply systems. For testing such electronic equipment, hardware-in-the-loop simulation is almost a standard method today, especially in the automotive industry, which always requires a real-time simulation of the plant. For testing the electronic control units of power electronics, real-time capable models of power electronic circuits need to be developed, accordingly. In the previously published contribution [10] different modeling methods were described and an algorithm was developed, which can be used to simulate power electronic circuits in real-time. Based on this algorithm and the automated generation of such models ([10]), further improvements for reducing the memory usage, increasing the degree of parallelization and improving accuracy are described in this paper. However, the presented approaches and modifications as well as the studies on correction methods for switching events and the preprocessing can be applied to other algorithms.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Riediger, W. and Schulte, Thomas}}, location = {{Lile, France}}, pages = {{1 -- 10}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Advanced Preprocessing and Correction-Methods for automated Generation of FPGA-based Simulation of Power Electronics}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inbook{4005, abstract = {{Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of power electronic devices is growing in importance in diverse fields. For testing the electronic control units in automotive applications hardware-in-the-loop simulation is a today's standard method. It is also applied for many industrial applications like power converters and electric drives. Anyway real-time capable models of power electronics are required. In this contribution a novel approach is presented, which applies simplified and FPGA-based output models for significantly improving the feedback dynamics of a hardware-in-the-loop simulation of power electronic devices.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Brose, M. and Schulte, Thomas}}, booktitle = {{International Exhibition & Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM Europe 2013) }}, isbn = {{978-1-62993-308-5 }}, location = {{Nuremburg, Germany }}, pages = {{1688 -- 1695}}, publisher = {{Curran Associates, Inc.}}, title = {{{Novel Approach for Real-time Simulation of Power Electronic Circuits Comprising Fast FPGA-based Output Models}}}, volume = {{1}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{3973, author = {{Schulte, Thomas and Puschmann, F. and Kiffe, Axel}}, location = {{Nürnberg}}, publisher = {{VDE-Verlag}}, title = {{{Leistungselektronikmodelle für Hardware-in-the-Loop-Simulation}}}, year = {{2012}}, } @inproceedings{3975, abstract = {{Power electronic devices are growing in importance in automotive applications. Power converters are used in hybrid electric vehicles but also in other vehicle applications like electric steering systems. For testing electronic equipment, hardware-in-the-loop simulation is a today's standard method in the automotive industry. It always requires a real-time simulation of the plant. For testing the electronic control units of power electronics, real-time capable models of power electronic circuits need to be developed, accordingly. This paper presents an approach for an automated generation of a FPGA-based oversampling model of power electronic circuits. Two types of modeling methods for considering the nonlinear switching behavior will be compared. For applying the oversampling approach a generator is presented, which automates a FPGA-based implementation of the circuit model. The approach is proven by simulation and measurement results.}}, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Geng, Stefan and Schulte, Thomas}}, booktitle = {{2012 Proceedings of the 15th IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts}}, location = {{Novi Sad (Serbien)}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Automated Generation of a FPGA-based Oversampling Model of Power Electronic Circuits }}}, year = {{2012}}, } @inproceedings{3997, author = {{Kiffe, Axel and Geng, S. and Schulte, Thomas}}, location = {{Duisburg}}, publisher = {{Springer Fachmedien GmbH}}, title = {{{Herausforderung der HIL-Simulation für Hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeuge}}}, year = {{2012}}, } @article{4006, abstract = {{Hardware-in-the-loop simulation is today a standard method for testing electronic equipment in the automotive industry. Since electric drives and power electronic devices are more and more important in automotive applications, these kinds of systems have to be integrated into the hardware- in-the-loop simulation. Power converters and electric drives are used in many different applications in vehicles today (hybrid electric or electric powertrain, electric steering systems, DC-DC converters, etc.). The wide range of applications, topologies, and power levels results in various different approaches and solutions for hardware-in-the-loop testing. This paper gives an overview of hardware-in-the-loop simulation of power electronics and electric drives in the automotive industry. The currently available technologies are described and future challenges are outlined.}}, author = {{Schulte, Thomas and Kiffe, Axel and Puschmann, F.}}, issn = {{1450-5843}}, journal = {{ELECTRONICS}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{130 -- 135}}, publisher = {{Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Banja Luka }}, title = {{{HIL Simulation of Power Electronics and Electric Drives for Automotive Applications}}}, volume = {{16}}, year = {{2012}}, }