---
_id: '12873'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Reliable Banknote Authentication is critical for economic stability. Regarding
everyday use, recent studies implemented successful techniques using banknote
images taken by mobile phone cameras. One challenge in mobile banknote authentication
is that it is impossible to collect images by all series/brands of mobile phones.
In this study, classification models are implemented that are able to generalize
to the samples from a wide number of mobile phone series even though they are
trained with samples from a small group of series. Existing state-of-the-art banknote
authentication approaches train a separate model per sub-image of a banknote,
using the extracted features of that sub-image. A new approach that trains a single
global model on the concatenated features of all the sub-images is presented.
Furthermore, ensemble models that combine Linear Discriminant Analysis and Deep
Neural Networks are employed in order to maximize the accuracy. Implemented techniques
were able to reach up to F1-score of 0.99914 on a Euro banknote data set which
contain images from 16 different mobile-phone series. The results also indicate
that new global model approach can improve the accuracy of the existing banknote
authentication techniques in case of model training with images from restricted/incomplete
phone series and brands.
author:
- first_name: Baris Gün
full_name: Sürmeli, Baris Gün
id: '73806'
last_name: Sürmeli
- first_name: Eugen
full_name: Gillich, Eugen
last_name: Gillich
- first_name: Helene
full_name: Dörksen, Helene
id: '46416'
last_name: Dörksen
citation:
ama: Sürmeli BG, Gillich E, Dörksen H. Generalisation Approach for Banknote Authentication
by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples. Vol 14255. (Iliadis Lazaros
, ed.). Springer Nature Switzerland; 2023:332-343. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27
apa: Sürmeli, B. G., Gillich, E., & Dörksen, H. (2023). Generalisation Approach
for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples. In Lazaros Iliadis
(Ed.), Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning - ICANN 2023 (Vol.
14255, pp. 332–343). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27
bjps: 'Sürmeli BG, Gillich E and Dörksen H (2023) Generalisation Approach
for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples,
Iliadis Lazaros (ed.). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.'
chicago: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün, Eugen Gillich, and Helene Dörksen. Generalisation
Approach for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples.
Edited by Lazaros Iliadis. Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning
- ICANN 2023. Vol. 14255. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer
Nature Switzerland, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27.'
chicago-de: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün, Eugen Gillich und Helene Dörksen. 2023. Generalisation
Approach for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples.
Hg. von Lazaros Iliadis. Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning
- ICANN 2023. Bd. 14255. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer
Nature Switzerland. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün ;
Gillich, Eugen ; Dörksen,
Helene ; Iliadis, Lazaros
(Hrsg.): Generalisation Approach for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices
Trained on Incomplete Samples, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Bd.
14255. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023'
havard: B.G. Sürmeli, E. Gillich, H. Dörksen, Generalisation Approach for Banknote
Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples, Springer Nature
Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
ieee: 'B. G. Sürmeli, E. Gillich, and H. Dörksen, Generalisation Approach for Banknote
Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples, vol. 14255.
Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023, pp. 332–343. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27.'
mla: Sürmeli, Baris Gün, et al. “Generalisation Approach for Banknote Authentication
by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples.” Artificial Neural Networks
and Machine Learning - ICANN 2023, edited by Lazaros Iliadis, vol. 14255,
Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023, pp. 332–43, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27.
short: B.G. Sürmeli, E. Gillich, H. Dörksen, Generalisation Approach for Banknote
Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples, Springer Nature
Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
ufg: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün/Gillich, Eugen/Dörksen, Helene: Generalisation Approach
for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples, Bd.
14255, hg. von Iliadis, Lazaros , Cham 2023 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).'
van: 'Sürmeli BG, Gillich E, Dörksen H. Generalisation Approach for Banknote Authentication
by Mobile Devices Trained on Incomplete Samples. Iliadis Lazaros , editor. Artificial
Neural Networks and Machine Learning - ICANN 2023. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland;
2023. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 14255).'
conference:
end_date: 2023-09-29
location: Heraklion, GREECE
name: 32nd International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN)
start_date: 2023-09-26
date_created: 2025-04-28T14:26:30Z
date_updated: 2025-06-26T07:55:20Z
department:
- _id: DEP5023
doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-44210-0_27
editor:
- first_name: ' Lazaros '
full_name: 'Iliadis, Lazaros '
last_name: Iliadis
intvolume: ' 14255'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 332-343
place: Cham
publication: Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning - ICANN 2023
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-3-031-44210-0
eissn:
- 1611-3349
isbn:
- 978-3-031-44209-4
issn:
- 0302-9743
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
series_title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science
status: public
title: Generalisation Approach for Banknote Authentication by Mobile Devices Trained
on Incomplete Samples
type: conference_editor_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 14255
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '8450'
author:
- first_name: Knut
full_name: Schwarzer, Knut
id: '13329'
last_name: Schwarzer
- first_name: Imke
full_name: Weishaupt, Imke
id: '58425'
last_name: Weishaupt
- first_name: Arthur
full_name: Gossen, Arthur
id: '76446'
last_name: Gossen
- first_name: Baris Gün
full_name: Sürmeli, Baris Gün
id: '73806'
last_name: Sürmeli
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Schneider, Jan
id: '13209'
last_name: Schneider
orcid: 0000-0001-6401-8873
citation:
ama: Schwarzer K, Weishaupt I, Gossen A, Sürmeli BG, Schneider J. Smart Pasteurization
- Eine Neuartige, Autonome Regelung Für Eine Kurzzeiterhitzung.; 2022.
apa: Schwarzer, K., Weishaupt, I., Gossen, A., Sürmeli, B. G., & Schneider,
J. (2022). Smart Pasteurization - Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung für eine
Kurzzeiterhitzung. Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppen Lebensmittelverfahrenstechnik
und Trocknungstechnik 2022, Frankfurt.
bjps: Schwarzer K et al. (2022) Smart Pasteurization - Eine Neuartige,
Autonome Regelung Für Eine Kurzzeiterhitzung. .
chicago: Schwarzer, Knut, Imke Weishaupt, Arthur Gossen, Baris Gün Sürmeli, and
Jan Schneider. Smart Pasteurization - Eine Neuartige, Autonome Regelung Für
Eine Kurzzeiterhitzung, 2022.
chicago-de: Schwarzer, Knut, Imke Weishaupt, Arthur Gossen, Baris Gün Sürmeli und
Jan Schneider. 2022. Smart Pasteurization - Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung
für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung.
din1505-2-1: 'Schwarzer, Knut ; Weishaupt, Imke ; Gossen,
Arthur ; Sürmeli, Baris Gün
; Schneider, Jan: Smart Pasteurization
- Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung, 2022'
havard: K. Schwarzer, I. Weishaupt, A. Gossen, B.G. Sürmeli, J. Schneider, Smart
Pasteurization - Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung,
2022.
ieee: K. Schwarzer, I. Weishaupt, A. Gossen, B. G. Sürmeli, and J. Schneider, Smart
Pasteurization - Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung.
2022.
mla: Schwarzer, Knut, et al. Smart Pasteurization - Eine Neuartige, Autonome
Regelung Für Eine Kurzzeiterhitzung. 2022.
short: K. Schwarzer, I. Weishaupt, A. Gossen, B.G. Sürmeli, J. Schneider, Smart
Pasteurization - Eine Neuartige, Autonome Regelung Für Eine Kurzzeiterhitzung,
2022.
ufg: 'Schwarzer, Knut u. a.: Smart Pasteurization - Eine neuartige, autonome
Regelung für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung, o. O. 2022.'
van: Schwarzer K, Weishaupt I, Gossen A, Sürmeli BG, Schneider J. Smart Pasteurization
- Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung. 2022.
conference:
end_date: 2022-03-11
location: Frankfurt
name: Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppen Lebensmittelverfahrenstechnik und Trocknungstechnik
2022
start_date: 2022-03-10
date_created: 2022-07-12T10:41:17Z
date_updated: 2025-01-30T15:42:51Z
department:
- _id: DEP4018
- _id: DEP1308
- _id: DEP4028
language:
- iso: eng
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Smart Pasteurization - Eine neuartige, autonome Regelung für eine Kurzzeiterhitzung
type: conference_speech
user_id: '83781'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '6839'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Pasteurization is a crucial processing method in the food industry to ensure
the safety of consumables. A major part of contemporary pasteurization processes
involves using flash pasteurizer systems, where liquids are pumped through a pipe
system to heat them for a predefined time. Accurately monitoring the amount of
heat treatment applied to a product is challenging. This monitoring helps ensure
that the correct heat impact (expressed in pasteurization units) is applied, which
is commonly calculated as a product of time and temperature, taking achievability
of the inactivation of the microorganisms into account. The state-of-the-art method
involves a calculation of the applied pasteurization units using a one-point temperature
measurement and the holding time for this temperature. Concerns about accuracy
lead to high safety margins, reducing the quality of the pasteurized product.
In this study, the applied pasteurization level was estimated using regression
models trained with NIR spectroscopy data collected while pasteurizing fruit juices
of different types and brands. Several conventional regression models were trained
in combination with different preprocessing methods, including a novel prediction
outlier detection method. Generalized juice models trained with the concatenated
data of all types of juices demonstrated cross-validated scores of RMSECV ∼2.78
± 0.09 and r2 0.96 ± 0.01, while separate juice models displayed
averaged cross-validated scores of RMSECV ∼1.56 ± 0.04 and r2
0.98 ± 0.01. Thus, the model accuracy ±10–30 % is well within the standard safety
margins. '
author:
- first_name: Baris Gün
full_name: Sürmeli, Baris Gün
id: '73806'
last_name: Sürmeli
- first_name: Imke
full_name: Weishaupt, Imke
id: '58425'
last_name: Weishaupt
- first_name: Knut
full_name: Schwarzer, Knut
id: '13329'
last_name: Schwarzer
- first_name: Natalia
full_name: Moriz, Natalia
id: '44238'
last_name: Moriz
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Schneider, Jan
id: '13209'
last_name: Schneider
orcid: 0000-0001-6401-8873
citation:
ama: Sürmeli BG, Weishaupt I, Schwarzer K, Moriz N, Schneider J. Heat impact control
in flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization units using near
infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. 2021;29(6):339-351.
doi:10.1177/09670335211057233
apa: Sürmeli, B. G., Weishaupt, I., Schwarzer, K., Moriz, N., & Schneider, J.
(2021). Heat impact control in flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization
units using near infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy,
29(6), 339–351. https://doi.org/10.1177/09670335211057233
bjps: Sürmeli BG et al. (2021) Heat Impact Control in Flash Pasteurization
by Estimation of Applied Pasteurization Units Using near Infrared Spectroscopy.
Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 29, 339–351.
chicago: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün, Imke Weishaupt, Knut Schwarzer, Natalia Moriz, and
Jan Schneider. “Heat Impact Control in Flash Pasteurization by Estimation of Applied
Pasteurization Units Using near Infrared Spectroscopy.” Journal of Near Infrared
Spectroscopy 29, no. 6 (2021): 339–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/09670335211057233.'
chicago-de: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün, Imke Weishaupt, Knut Schwarzer, Natalia Moriz und
Jan Schneider. 2021. Heat impact control in flash pasteurization by estimation
of applied pasteurization units using near infrared spectroscopy. Journal of
Near Infrared Spectroscopy 29, Nr. 6: 339–351. doi:10.1177/09670335211057233,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün ;
Weishaupt, Imke ; Schwarzer,
Knut ; Moriz, Natalia ; Schneider, Jan: Heat impact control in
flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization units using near
infrared spectroscopy. In: Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Bd. 29,
Sage Publishing (2021), Nr. 6, S. 339–351'
havard: B.G. Sürmeli, I. Weishaupt, K. Schwarzer, N. Moriz, J. Schneider, Heat impact
control in flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization units
using near infrared spectroscopy, Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. 29 (2021)
339–351.
ieee: 'B. G. Sürmeli, I. Weishaupt, K. Schwarzer, N. Moriz, and J. Schneider, “Heat
impact control in flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization
units using near infrared spectroscopy,” Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy,
vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 339–351, 2021, doi: 10.1177/09670335211057233.'
mla: Sürmeli, Baris Gün, et al. “Heat Impact Control in Flash Pasteurization by
Estimation of Applied Pasteurization Units Using near Infrared Spectroscopy.”
Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, vol. 29, no. 6, 2021, pp. 339–51,
https://doi.org/10.1177/09670335211057233.
short: B.G. Sürmeli, I. Weishaupt, K. Schwarzer, N. Moriz, J. Schneider, Journal
of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 29 (2021) 339–351.
ufg: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün u. a.: Heat impact control in flash pasteurization
by estimation of applied pasteurization units using near infrared spectroscopy,
in: Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 29 (2021), H. 6, S. 339–351.'
van: Sürmeli BG, Weishaupt I, Schwarzer K, Moriz N, Schneider J. Heat impact control
in flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization units using near
infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. 2021;29(6):339–51.
date_created: 2021-11-30T12:39:27Z
date_updated: 2025-06-26T13:35:56Z
department:
- _id: DEP5023
- _id: DEP4028
doi: 10.1177/09670335211057233
external_id:
isi:
- '000726007200001'
intvolume: ' 29'
isi: '1'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- Beverage pasteurization
- heat impact control
- prediction outlier elimination
language:
- iso: eng
page: 339-351
publication: Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1751-6552
issn:
- 0967-0335
publication_status: published
publisher: Sage Publishing
status: public
title: Heat impact control in flash pasteurization by estimation of applied pasteurization
units using near infrared spectroscopy
type: journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 29
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '5473'
author:
- first_name: Baris Gün
full_name: Sürmeli, Baris Gün
id: '73806'
last_name: Sürmeli
- first_name: Imke
full_name: Weishaupt, Imke
id: '58425'
last_name: Weishaupt
- first_name: Knut
full_name: Schwarzer, Knut
id: '13329'
last_name: Schwarzer
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Schneider, Jan
id: '13209'
last_name: Schneider
orcid: 0000-0001-6401-8873
citation:
ama: 'Sürmeli BG, Weishaupt I, Schwarzer K, Schneider J. Beverage Classification
Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage. In: ; 2019.'
apa: Sürmeli, B. G., Weishaupt, I., Schwarzer, K., & Schneider, J. (2019). Beverage
Classification Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage.
Euroanalysis 2019 – Europe’s Analytical Chemistry Meeting.
bjps: Sürmeli BG et al. (2019) Beverage Classification Using Linear
Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage.
chicago: Sürmeli, Baris Gün, Imke Weishaupt, Knut Schwarzer, and Jan Schneider.
“Beverage Classification Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix
Shrinkage,” 2019.
chicago-de: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün, Imke Weishaupt, Knut Schwarzer und Jan Schneider.
2019. Beverage Classification Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance
Matrix Shrinkage. In: .'
din1505-2-1: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün ;
Weishaupt, Imke ; Schwarzer,
Knut ; Schneider, Jan: Beverage
Classification Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage.
In: , 2019'
havard: 'B.G. Sürmeli, I. Weishaupt, K. Schwarzer, J. Schneider, Beverage Classification
Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage, in: 2019.'
ieee: B. G. Sürmeli, I. Weishaupt, K. Schwarzer, and J. Schneider, “Beverage Classification
Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage,” presented
at the Euroanalysis 2019 – Europe’s Analytical Chemistry Meeting, 2019.
mla: Sürmeli, Baris Gün, et al. Beverage Classification Using Linear Discriminant
Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage. 2019.
short: 'B.G. Sürmeli, I. Weishaupt, K. Schwarzer, J. Schneider, in: 2019.'
ufg: 'Sürmeli, Baris Gün u. a.: Beverage Classification Using Linear Discriminant
Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage, in: o. Hg.: o. O. 2019.'
van: Sürmeli BG, Weishaupt I, Schwarzer K, Schneider J. Beverage Classification
Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance Matrix Shrinkage. In 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-09-05
name: Euroanalysis 2019 – Europe's Analytical Chemistry Meeting
start_date: 2019-09-01
date_created: 2021-04-08T10:29:17Z
date_updated: 2024-05-24T08:34:59Z
department:
- _id: DEP1308
- _id: DEP4018
language:
- iso: eng
status: public
title: Beverage Classification Using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Covariance
Matrix Shrinkage
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '83779'
year: '2019'
...