---
_id: '13671'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The aging of biodiesel proceeds via multiple pathways, with oligomerization
playing a central role. In this study, we investigated an epoxide-dependent oligomerization
pathway, which had previously only been postulated. Using methyl oleate (C18:1)
as a model monounsaturated fatty acid and acetic acid as a representative, reactive
nucleophile and known biodiesel aging product with a suitable boiling point, oligomeric
products were identified by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled with electrospray
ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOF-MS). The concentration
of 20 wt% was chosen to ensure a measurable kinetic effect while maintaining stable
reaction conditions. Furthermore, the role of methyl oleate during biodiesel aging
was addressed. Time-resolved analysis confirmed the proposed sequential order
of reactions. It was pointed out that elimination reactions may occur. The data
support the formation of epoxides, despite the isobaric overlap with ketones,
and show that hydroxyl intermediates undergo esterification and etherification.
Moreover, experiments with pure C18:1 demonstrated that acetic acid–derived oligomers
are generated. Under Rancimat conditions, addition of 20 wt% acetic acid resulted
in an approximately 1.1 – 2.6 increase in product yield. Kinetic analysis revealed
structure-dependent formation and decay behavior of the aging products, with slightly
faster epoxidation and shifted product distributions toward higher oligomeric
species in the presence of acetic acid. Reactive intermediates were consumed more
rapidly than oligomeric species and all decay processes followed apparent second-order
kinetics. These findings provide direct experimental evidence for the involvement
of epoxide-dependent pathways in biodiesel aging.
article_number: '139339'
author:
- first_name: Julian
full_name: Türck, Julian
last_name: Türck
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Funke, Carsten
id: '74167'
last_name: Funke
- first_name: Fabian
full_name: Schmitt, Fabian
last_name: Schmitt
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Schneider, Jan
id: '13209'
last_name: Schneider
orcid: 0000-0001-6401-8873
- first_name: Hans-Jürgen
full_name: Danneel, Hans-Jürgen
id: '12231'
last_name: Danneel
- first_name: Ralf
full_name: Türck, Ralf
last_name: Türck
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Ruck, Wolfgang
last_name: Ruck
- first_name: Jürgen
full_name: Krahl, Jürgen
id: '68870'
last_name: Krahl
citation:
ama: 'Türck J, Funke C, Schmitt F, et al. Kinetic study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent
oligomerization of methyl oleate. Fuel : the science and technology of fuel
and energy . 2026;424. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339'
apa: 'Türck, J., Funke, C., Schmitt, F., Schneider, J., Danneel, H.-J., Türck, R.,
Ruck, W., & Krahl, J. (2026). Kinetic study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent
oligomerization of methyl oleate. Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel
and Energy , 424, Article 139339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339'
bjps: 'Türck J et al. (2026) Kinetic Study and Confirmation of Epoxide-Dependent
Oligomerization of Methyl Oleate. Fuel : the science and technology of fuel
and energy 424.'
chicago: 'Türck, Julian, Carsten Funke, Fabian Schmitt, Jan Schneider, Hans-Jürgen
Danneel, Ralf Türck, Wolfgang Ruck, and Jürgen Krahl. “Kinetic Study and Confirmation
of Epoxide-Dependent Oligomerization of Methyl Oleate.” Fuel : The Science
and Technology of Fuel and Energy 424 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339.'
chicago-de: 'Türck, Julian, Carsten Funke, Fabian Schmitt, Jan Schneider, Hans-Jürgen
Danneel, Ralf Türck, Wolfgang Ruck und Jürgen Krahl. 2026. Kinetic study and confirmation
of epoxide-dependent oligomerization of methyl oleate. Fuel : the science and
technology of fuel and energy 424. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Türck, Julian ; Funke, Carsten ; Schmitt,
Fabian ; Schneider, Jan ;
Danneel, Hans-Jürgen ; Türck,
Ralf ; Ruck, Wolfgang ; Krahl, Jürgen: Kinetic study and confirmation
of epoxide-dependent oligomerization of methyl oleate. In: Fuel : the science
and technology of fuel and energy Bd. 424. Amsterdam [u.a.], Elsevier (2026)'
havard: 'J. Türck, C. Funke, F. Schmitt, J. Schneider, H.-J. Danneel, R. Türck,
W. Ruck, J. Krahl, Kinetic study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent oligomerization
of methyl oleate, Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy . 424 (2026).'
ieee: 'J. Türck et al., “Kinetic study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent
oligomerization of methyl oleate,” Fuel : the science and technology of fuel
and energy , vol. 424, Art. no. 139339, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339.'
mla: 'Türck, Julian, et al. “Kinetic Study and Confirmation of Epoxide-Dependent
Oligomerization of Methyl Oleate.” Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel
and Energy , vol. 424, 139339, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339.'
short: 'J. Türck, C. Funke, F. Schmitt, J. Schneider, H.-J. Danneel, R. Türck, W.
Ruck, J. Krahl, Fuel : The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy 424 (2026).'
ufg: 'Türck, Julian u. a.: Kinetic study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent
oligomerization of methyl oleate, in: Fuel : the science and technology of
fuel and energy 424 (2026).'
van: 'Türck J, Funke C, Schmitt F, Schneider J, Danneel HJ, Türck R, et al. Kinetic
study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent oligomerization of methyl oleate.
Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy . 2026;424.'
date_created: 2026-04-07T12:49:23Z
date_updated: 2026-04-08T12:55:00Z
doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2026.139339
intvolume: ' 424'
keyword:
- Biodiesel aging
- Epoxide-dependent oligomerization
- Acetic acid
- Identification of aging products
- Kinetics of aging products
language:
- iso: eng
place: Amsterdam [u.a.]
publication: 'Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy '
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1873-7153
issn:
- 0016-2361
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Kinetic study and confirmation of epoxide-dependent oligomerization of methyl
oleate
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 424
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '14057'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Bioactive peptides from plant proteins offer significant benefits. In this
study, the structural and bioactive properties of sunflower protein isolate and
its enzymatic hydrolysates were systematically investigated. The hydrolysates
were fractionated using low-pressure preparative gradient chromatography (LP-PGC),
and their antioxidant capacity, along with angiotensin-converting enzyme and dipeptidyl
peptidase-IV inhibitory activities relevant to metabolic health, were assessed.
Structural analyses via sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
and scanning electron microscopy revealed significant alterations in molecular
weight distribution and surface morphology after hydrolysis and fractionation,
confirming the generation of low-molecular-weight peptides linked to improved
bioactivity. The results demonstrated a clear fraction-dependent bioactivity profile.
MTT-based cell viability analysis of HepG2 and Caco-2 cells indicates that the
non-toxicity of the hydrolysates depends on both their concentration and the cell
type. Molecular docking studies were performed with the three highest-scoring
peptides from each hydrolysate according to PeptideRanker. LP-PGC effectively
reveals in vitro/in silico bioactivity of sunflower protein hydrolysates for multifunctional
food use.
article_number: '150976'
author:
- first_name: Zeynep Saliha
full_name: Güneş, Zeynep Saliha
last_name: Güneş
- first_name: İbrahim
full_name: Gülseren, İbrahim
last_name: Gülseren
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Funke, Carsten
id: '74167'
last_name: Funke
- first_name: Hans-Jürgen
full_name: Danneel, Hans-Jürgen
id: '12231'
last_name: Danneel
- first_name: Tuba
full_name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
last_name: Esatbeyoglu
citation:
ama: 'Güneş ZS, Gülseren İ, Funke C, Danneel HJ, Esatbeyoglu T. Fractionation of
sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography:
An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities. Food Chemistry.
2026;528. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976'
apa: 'Güneş, Z. S., Gülseren, İ., Funke, C., Danneel, H.-J., & Esatbeyoglu,
T. (2026). Fractionation of sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative
gradient chromatography: An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities.
Food Chemistry, 528, Article 150976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976'
bjps: 'Güneş ZS et al. (2026) Fractionation of Sunflower Protein Hydrolysates
by Low Pressure Preparative Gradient Chromatography: An Integrated in Vitro and
in Silico Assessment of Bioactivities. Food Chemistry 528.'
chicago: 'Güneş, Zeynep Saliha, İbrahim Gülseren, Carsten Funke, Hans-Jürgen Danneel,
and Tuba Esatbeyoglu. “Fractionation of Sunflower Protein Hydrolysates by Low
Pressure Preparative Gradient Chromatography: An Integrated in Vitro and in Silico
Assessment of Bioactivities.” Food Chemistry 528 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976.'
chicago-de: 'Güneş, Zeynep Saliha, İbrahim Gülseren, Carsten Funke, Hans-Jürgen
Danneel und Tuba Esatbeyoglu. 2026. Fractionation of sunflower protein hydrolysates
by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography: An integrated in vitro and
in silico assessment of bioactivities. Food Chemistry 528. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976,
.'
din1505-2-1: 'Güneş, Zeynep Saliha
; Gülseren, İbrahim ; Funke,
Carsten ; Danneel, Hans-Jürgen
; Esatbeyoglu, Tuba: Fractionation
of sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography:
An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities. In: Food
Chemistry Bd. 528. New York, NY [u.a.], Elsevier BV (2026)'
havard: 'Z.S. Güneş, İ. Gülseren, C. Funke, H.-J. Danneel, T. Esatbeyoglu, Fractionation
of sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography:
An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities, Food Chemistry.
528 (2026).'
ieee: 'Z. S. Güneş, İ. Gülseren, C. Funke, H.-J. Danneel, and T. Esatbeyoglu, “Fractionation
of sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography:
An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities,” Food Chemistry,
vol. 528, Art. no. 150976, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976.'
mla: 'Güneş, Zeynep Saliha, et al. “Fractionation of Sunflower Protein Hydrolysates
by Low Pressure Preparative Gradient Chromatography: An Integrated in Vitro and
in Silico Assessment of Bioactivities.” Food Chemistry, vol. 528, 150976,
2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976.'
short: Z.S. Güneş, İ. Gülseren, C. Funke, H.-J. Danneel, T. Esatbeyoglu, Food Chemistry
528 (2026).
ufg: 'Güneş, Zeynep Saliha u. a.: Fractionation of sunflower protein hydrolysates
by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography: An integrated in vitro and
in silico assessment of bioactivities, in: Food Chemistry 528 (2026).'
van: 'Güneş ZS, Gülseren İ, Funke C, Danneel HJ, Esatbeyoglu T. Fractionation of
sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative gradient chromatography:
An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities. Food Chemistry.
2026;528.'
date_created: 2026-09-24T07:39:35Z
date_updated: 2026-09-25T09:08:20Z
department:
- _id: DEP4018
doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.150976
intvolume: ' 528'
keyword:
- Sunflower protein hydrolysates
- Fractionation
- Bioactive peptides
- ACE inhibition
- DPP-IV inhibition
- Mass spectrometry
- In silico analysis
language:
- iso: eng
place: New York, NY [u.a.]
publication: Food Chemistry
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1873-7072
issn:
- 0308-8146
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Fractionation of sunflower protein hydrolysates by low pressure preparative
gradient chromatography: An integrated in vitro and in silico assessment of bioactivities'
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 528
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '6842'
author:
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Pauli, Daniel
id: '75850'
last_name: Pauli
orcid: ' 0000-0003-0860-4696 '
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Neumaier, Michael
id: '77059'
last_name: Neumaier
- first_name: Matthias
full_name: Scharf, Matthias
id: '65179'
last_name: Scharf
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Funke, Carsten
id: '74167'
last_name: Funke
citation:
ama: 'Pauli D, Neumaier M, Scharf M, Funke C. Von der offline zur online Qualitätskontrolle
mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik. In: ; 2021.'
apa: Pauli, D., Neumaier, M., Scharf, M., & Funke, C. (2021). Von der offline
zur online Qualitätskontrolle mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik.
Fokustag where food meets IT, Online.
bjps: Pauli D et al. (2021) Von Der Offline Zur Online Qualitätskontrolle
Mittels Echtzeit- Und Fingerprint-Analytik.
chicago: Pauli, Daniel, Michael Neumaier, Matthias Scharf, and Carsten Funke. “Von
Der Offline Zur Online Qualitätskontrolle Mittels Echtzeit- Und Fingerprint-Analytik,”
2021.
chicago-de: 'Pauli, Daniel, Michael Neumaier, Matthias Scharf und Carsten Funke.
2021. Von der offline zur online Qualitätskontrolle mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik.
In: .'
din1505-2-1: 'Pauli, Daniel ; Neumaier, Michael ; Scharf,
Matthias ; Funke, Carsten:
Von der offline zur online Qualitätskontrolle mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik.
In: , 2021'
havard: 'D. Pauli, M. Neumaier, M. Scharf, C. Funke, Von der offline zur online
Qualitätskontrolle mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik, in: 2021.'
ieee: D. Pauli, M. Neumaier, M. Scharf, and C. Funke, “Von der offline zur online
Qualitätskontrolle mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik,” presented at the
Fokustag where food meets IT, Online, 2021.
mla: Pauli, Daniel, et al. Von Der Offline Zur Online Qualitätskontrolle Mittels
Echtzeit- Und Fingerprint-Analytik. 2021.
short: 'D. Pauli, M. Neumaier, M. Scharf, C. Funke, in: 2021.'
ufg: 'Pauli, Daniel u. a.: Von der offline zur online Qualitätskontrolle
mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik, in: o. Hg.: o. O. 2021.'
van: Pauli D, Neumaier M, Scharf M, Funke C. Von der offline zur online Qualitätskontrolle
mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik. In 2021.
conference:
end_date: 02.03.2021
location: Online
name: Fokustag where food meets IT
start_date: 02.03.2021
date_created: 2021-12-03T13:38:13Z
date_updated: 2025-01-30T15:45:45Z
department:
- _id: DEP4000
- _id: DEP4027
- _id: DEP1308
- _id: DEP4028
language:
- iso: eng
status: public
title: Von der offline zur online Qualitätskontrolle mittels Echtzeit- und Fingerprint-Analytik
type: conference
user_id: '83781'
year: '2021'
...