[{"title":"Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils","citation":{"ama":"Kühling I, Pahlmann I, Räbiger T, et al. Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils. <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>. Published online 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0\">10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0</a>","ieee":"I. Kühling <i>et al.</i>, “Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils,” <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0\">10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0</a>.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\"><span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kühling, Insa</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Pahlmann, Ingo</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Räbiger, Thomas</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Helfrich, Mirjam</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Flessa, Heinz</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Schlathölter, Michaela</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Koch, Heinz-Josef</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Essich, Lisa</span> ; u. a.</span>: Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils. In: <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>. Dordrecht [u.a.], Springer Science and Business Media LLC (2025)","chicago-de":"Kühling, Insa, Ingo Pahlmann, Thomas Räbiger, Mirjam Helfrich, Heinz Flessa, Michaela Schlathölter, Heinz-Josef Koch, u. a. 2025. Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils. <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0\">10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0</a>, .","short":"I. Kühling, I. Pahlmann, T. Räbiger, M. Helfrich, H. Flessa, M. Schlathölter, H.-J. Koch, L. Essich, R. Ruser, M. Reinhard-Kolempas, A. Hoffmann, H. Kage, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems (2025).","ufg":"<b>Kühling, Insa u. a.</b>: Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils, in: <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i> (2025).","bjps":"<b>Kühling I <i>et al.</i></b> (2025) Legacies of Winter Cover Crops Lead to Opposing Optimal N Fertilisation Rates and Yields in First and Second Subsequent Crops on Contrasting Soils. <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>.","mla":"Kühling, Insa, et al. “Legacies of Winter Cover Crops Lead to Opposing Optimal N Fertilisation Rates and Yields in First and Second Subsequent Crops on Contrasting Soils.” <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>, 2025, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0</a>.","havard":"I. Kühling, I. Pahlmann, T. Räbiger, M. Helfrich, H. Flessa, M. Schlathölter, H.-J. Koch, L. Essich, R. Ruser, M. Reinhard-Kolempas, A. Hoffmann, H. Kage, Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. (2025).","van":"Kühling I, Pahlmann I, Räbiger T, Helfrich M, Flessa H, Schlathölter M, et al. Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 2025;","chicago":"Kühling, Insa, Ingo Pahlmann, Thomas Räbiger, Mirjam Helfrich, Heinz Flessa, Michaela Schlathölter, Heinz-Josef Koch, et al. “Legacies of Winter Cover Crops Lead to Opposing Optimal N Fertilisation Rates and Yields in First and Second Subsequent Crops on Contrasting Soils.” <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0</a>.","apa":"Kühling, I., Pahlmann, I., Räbiger, T., Helfrich, M., Flessa, H., Schlathölter, M., Koch, H.-J., Essich, L., Ruser, R., Reinhard-Kolempas, M., Hoffmann, A., &#38; Kage, H. (2025). Legacies of winter cover crops lead to opposing optimal N fertilisation rates and yields in first and second subsequent crops on contrasting soils. <i>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0</a>"},"author":[{"last_name":"Kühling","first_name":"Insa","full_name":"Kühling, Insa"},{"full_name":"Pahlmann, Ingo","id":"76515","last_name":"Pahlmann","first_name":"Ingo"},{"first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Räbiger, Thomas","last_name":"Räbiger"},{"full_name":"Helfrich, Mirjam","first_name":"Mirjam","last_name":"Helfrich"},{"full_name":"Flessa, Heinz","last_name":"Flessa","first_name":"Heinz"},{"full_name":"Schlathölter, Michaela","first_name":"Michaela","last_name":"Schlathölter"},{"full_name":"Koch, Heinz-Josef","last_name":"Koch","first_name":"Heinz-Josef"},{"full_name":"Essich, Lisa","last_name":"Essich","first_name":"Lisa"},{"first_name":"Reiner","last_name":"Ruser","full_name":"Ruser, Reiner"},{"last_name":"Reinhard-Kolempas","first_name":"Marilena","full_name":"Reinhard-Kolempas, Marilena"},{"first_name":"Annette","last_name":"Hoffmann","full_name":"Hoffmann, Annette"},{"first_name":"Henning","full_name":"Kage, Henning","last_name":"Kage"}],"year":"2025","external_id":{"isi":["001449791300001"]},"status":"public","publication":"Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1573-0867"],"issn":["1385-1314"]},"date_created":"2025-04-23T14:38:10Z","date_updated":"2025-06-25T12:38:36Z","keyword":["Catch crop","Silage maize","Sugar beet","Winter wheat","N-transfer","Cropping sequence","N recommendations"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"isi":"1","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"DEP8000"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Winter cover crops (CCs) provide substantial agronomic and environmental benefits, yet their influence on nitrogen (N) fertilization requirements and yield outcomes for subsequent crops remains underexplored. This study investigates the economic optimal nitrogen rates (EONRs) and corresponding yield effects for first (silage maize or sugar beet) and second (winter wheat) succeeding crops following CCs. Four CC species from different functional groups were compared to a bare fallow control on contrasting sandy and loamy soils across four German field sites over two consecutive cropping sequences. Results revealed opposing effects: reduced EONR and increased N use efficiency on sandy soils in silage maize sequences, particularly following oil radish and rye CCs, but increased EONR on loamy soils for sugar beet sequences, with vetch CC showing the most favourable outcomes. Yield impacts varied by CC type and soil, with oil radish consistently enhancing yields across sites. However, CC effects on EONR were not correlated with pre-winter N uptake in CC biomass, challenging simple N budgeting practices. Environmental analysis highlighted potential greenhouse gas savings via reduced fertilizer inputs on sandy soils but increased upstream emissions on loamy sites. These findings emphasize the need for site-specific CC selection to balance economic and environmental benefits, with oil radish and vetch emerging as optimal choices in our trials for sandy and loamy soils, respectively."}],"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","type":"scientific_journal_article","user_id":"83781","place":"Dordrecht [u.a.]","_id":"12850","doi":"10.1007/s10705-025-10400-0"},{"date_created":"2025-04-22T13:48:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1161-0301"],"eissn":["1873-7331"]},"publication":"European Journal of Agronomy","date_updated":"2025-06-25T13:11:04Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Crop rotation","Sustainable intensification","Cereal unit","Gross margin","Nitrogen surplus","Effective net nitrogen mineralization"],"title":"Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus","citation":{"short":"M. Rose, I. Pahlmann, H. Kage, European Journal of Agronomy 142 (2022).","chicago-de":"Rose, Maren, Ingo Pahlmann und Henning Kage. 2022. Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus. <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i> 142. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644\">10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644</a>, .","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Rose, Maren</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Pahlmann, Ingo</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kage, Henning</span>: Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus. In: <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i> Bd. 142. Amsterdam [u.a.], Elsevier BV (2022)","apa":"Rose, M., Pahlmann, I., &#38; Kage, H. (2022). Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus. <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i>, <i>142</i>, Article 126644. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644</a>","chicago":"Rose, Maren, Ingo Pahlmann, and Henning Kage. “Modified Crop Rotations for a Sustainable Intensification? A Case Study in a High-Yielding Environment with Recurrent Nitrogen Surplus.” <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i> 142 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644</a>.","van":"Rose M, Pahlmann I, Kage H. Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus. European Journal of Agronomy. 2022;142.","bjps":"<b>Rose M, Pahlmann I and Kage H</b> (2022) Modified Crop Rotations for a Sustainable Intensification? A Case Study in a High-Yielding Environment with Recurrent Nitrogen Surplus. <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i> <b>142</b>.","mla":"Rose, Maren, et al. “Modified Crop Rotations for a Sustainable Intensification? A Case Study in a High-Yielding Environment with Recurrent Nitrogen Surplus.” <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i>, vol. 142, 126644, 2022, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644</a>.","havard":"M. Rose, I. Pahlmann, H. Kage, Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus, European Journal of Agronomy. 142 (2022).","ufg":"<b>Rose, Maren/Pahlmann, Ingo/Kage, Henning</b>: Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus, in: <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i> 142 (2022).","ieee":"M. Rose, I. Pahlmann, and H. Kage, “Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus,” <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i>, vol. 142, Art. no. 126644, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644\">10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644</a>.","ama":"Rose M, Pahlmann I, Kage H. Modified crop rotations for a sustainable intensification? A case study in a high-yielding environment with recurrent nitrogen surplus. <i>European Journal of Agronomy</i>. 2022;142. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644\">10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644</a>"},"volume":142,"author":[{"last_name":"Rose","first_name":"Maren","full_name":"Rose, Maren"},{"first_name":"Ingo","full_name":"Pahlmann, Ingo","last_name":"Pahlmann","id":"76515"},{"last_name":"Kage","full_name":"Kage, Henning","first_name":"Henning"}],"year":"2022","external_id":{"isi":["000876352700009"]},"status":"public","type":"scientific_journal_article","user_id":"83781","intvolume":"       142","place":"Amsterdam [u.a.]","article_number":"126644","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2022.126644","_id":"12825","isi":"1","publication_status":"published","department":[{"_id":"DEP8000"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Agriculture is a major contributor to nitrate groundwater contamination. Hence, farmers are demanded to reduce the environmental impact but simultaneously must provide sufficient food products. One important building block for this \"sustainable intensification\" are appropriate cropping strategies. The potential of modified crop rotations was evaluated in a high-yielding environment in Northern Germany. Therefore, in five consecutive growing seasons (2016/2017 - 2020/2021) three crop rotations were grown in a field trial and compared with respect to agronomic (cereal unit), economic (gross margin) and environmental (N surplus) parameters. A standard crop rotation, typical for the region of the study, was compared with rearranged and augmented crop rotations. Therefore, crops with a high autumnal N uptake (winter oilseed rape and catch crops) were grown after crops with typically high soil mineral N (SMN) amounts after harvest (faba bean and winter oilseed rape). Due to the change of preceding and subsequent crops, an increased N transfer was supposed to prevent N from leaching and a lower N fertilizer demand of the subsequent crop was expected. On average, the modified crop rotations achieved significantly higher cereal units (9.3 and 10.8 t center dot ha -1) compared to the local crop rotation (8.5 t center dot ha -1). The gross margin of the local crop rotation was 1474 euro center dot ha- 1 and the other crop rotations maintained (1443 euro center dot ha -1) or significantly increased (1572 euro center dot ha -1) this value, respectively. The local crop rotation had a N surplus of 47 kg N center dot ha -1. In contrast, the N surplus of the modified crop rotations was significantly lower (10 and 28 kg N center dot ha -1). In summary, the results showed that a thoughtful rearrangement of crop rotations is an appropriate measure to simultaneously improve yields and gross margins with less unfavorable environmental impacts."}],"publisher":"Elsevier BV"},{"status":"public","year":2021,"author":[{"full_name":"Rothardt, S.","first_name":"S.","last_name":"Rothardt"},{"last_name":"Fuß","first_name":"R.","full_name":"Fuß, R."},{"id":"76515","first_name":"Ingo","full_name":"Pahlmann, Ingo","last_name":"Pahlmann"},{"last_name":"Kage","full_name":"Kage, H.","first_name":"H."}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013/full","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"chicago-de":"Rothardt, S., R. Fuß, Ingo Pahlmann und H. Kage. 2021. Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments. <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013,\">10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013,</a> .","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Rothardt, S.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Fuß, R.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Pahlmann, Ingo</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kage, H.</span>: Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments. In: <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>. Lausanne, Frontiers (2021)","short":"S. Rothardt, R. Fuß, I. Pahlmann, H. Kage, Frontiers in Environmental Science (2021).","chicago":"Rothardt, S., R. Fuß, Ingo Pahlmann, and H. Kage. “Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments.” <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013</a>.","apa":"Rothardt, S., Fuß, R., Pahlmann, I., &#38; Kage, H. (2021). Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments. <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013</a>","ufg":"<b>Rothardt, S. et. al. (2021)</b>: Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments, in: <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>.","havard":"S. Rothardt, R. Fuß, I. Pahlmann, H. Kage, Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments, Frontiers in Environmental Science. (2021).","bjps":"<b>Rothardt S <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments. <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>.","mla":"Rothardt, S., et al. “Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments.” <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>, Frontiers, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013\">10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013</a>.","van":"Rothardt S, Fuß R, Pahlmann I, Kage H. Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments. Frontiers in Environmental Science. 2021;","ieee":"S. Rothardt, R. Fuß, I. Pahlmann, and H. Kage, “Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments,” <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>, 2021.","ama":"Rothardt S, Fuß R, Pahlmann I, Kage H. Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments. <i>Frontiers in Environmental Science</i>. 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013\">10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013</a>"},"title":"Post-Harvest N2O Emissions Can Be Mitigated With Organic Amendments","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2023-03-15T13:50:11Z","publication":"Frontiers in Environmental Science","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2296-665X"]},"date_created":"2022-04-27T09:45:43Z","publisher":"Frontiers","quality_controlled":"1","department":[{"_id":"DEP8026"}],"publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","place":"Lausanne","_id":"7823","doi":"10.3389/fenvs.2021.712013","user_id":"79260","type":"scientific_journal_article"},{"title":"Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen?","publication_status":"published","citation":{"ama":"Kage H, Rose M, Pahlmann I. Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen? <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>. 2021;(2):20-23.","ieee":"H. Kage, M. Rose, and I. Pahlmann, “Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen?,” <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>, no. 2, pp. 20–23, 2021.","short":"H. Kage, M. Rose, I. Pahlmann, DLG-Mitteilungen (2021) 20–23.","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Kage, H.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Rose, M.</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Pahlmann, Ingo</span>: Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen? In: <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>. Frankfurt am Main, Max-Eyth-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (2021), Nr. 2, S. 20–23","chicago-de":"Kage, H., M. Rose und Ingo Pahlmann. 2021. Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen? <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>, Nr. 2: 20–23.","van":"Kage H, Rose M, Pahlmann I. Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen? DLG-Mitteilungen. 2021;(2):20–3.","bjps":"<b>Kage H, Rose M and Pahlmann I</b> (2021) Düngeverordnung. Wie Lassen Sich Die Fruchtfolgen Anpassen? <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i> 20–23.","havard":"H. Kage, M. Rose, I. Pahlmann, Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen?, DLG-Mitteilungen. (2021) 20–23.","mla":"Kage, H., et al. “Düngeverordnung. Wie Lassen Sich Die Fruchtfolgen Anpassen?” <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>, no. 2, Max-Eyth-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2021, pp. 20–23.","ufg":"<b>Kage, H. et. al. (2021)</b>: Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen?, in: <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i> (<i>2</i>), S. 20–23.","apa":"Kage, H., Rose, M., &#38; Pahlmann, I. (2021). Düngeverordnung. Wie lassen sich die Fruchtfolgen anpassen? <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>, (2), 20–23.","chicago":"Kage, H., M. Rose, and Ingo Pahlmann. “Düngeverordnung. Wie Lassen Sich Die Fruchtfolgen Anpassen?” <i>DLG-Mitteilungen</i>, no. 2 (2021): 20–23."},"department":[{"_id":"DEP8026"}],"author":[{"first_name":"H.","full_name":"Kage, H.","last_name":"Kage"},{"last_name":"Rose","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Rose, M."},{"full_name":"Pahlmann, Ingo","id":"76515","first_name":"Ingo","last_name":"Pahlmann"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.dlg-mitteilungen.de/rubriken/heftausgabe/2021/02?cHash=0663c4d4895076c9203998bc41b69ff8"}],"year":2021,"issue":"2","page":"20-23","status":"public","publisher":"Max-Eyth-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH","type":"industry_journal_article","date_created":"2022-05-14T17:44:26Z","publication":"DLG-Mitteilungen","related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.dlg-mitteilungen.de/fileadmin/img/content/cover/heft/2021/21-02/Abbildungen_Supplement.pdf","relation":"supplementary_material"}]},"date_updated":"2023-03-15T13:50:14Z","user_id":"79260","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"place":"Frankfurt am Main","_id":"8254"}]