@misc{12927,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Brisbane (Australien)}},
  title        = {{{EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE BENDING PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM BASED CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.52202/080513-0263}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@misc{11792,
  abstract     = {{To facilitate the drying process and enhance the properties of oil palm wood, oil palm boards were mechanically pre-dewatered and thermo-hygro-mechanically (THM) densified. The thickness of the boards was reduced with compression ratios of 40%, 60% and 75%. Since densified wood tends to recover from compression, especially under humid conditions, this study examined the set-recovery and the hygroscopic behavior of THM densified oil palm wood. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC), differential swelling and swelling coefficient, linear swelling and shrinkage as well as the differential swelling anisotropy were determined under climate conditions with different relative humidity (RH) (20°C/35% RH, 20°C/65% RH and 20°C/85% RH). The maximum swelling was measured after water soaking and the remaining set-recovery was evaluated after re-drying at 103°C. The EMC was reduced by the THM process by around 20%. In the direction of compression (thickness), the densified specimens show higher values for all analyzed swelling and shrinkage parameters than the undensified specimens from the equivalent position within the trunk. The maximum swelling in thickness of 22–38% during water soaking is mostly reversed by shrinkage during re-drying and a comparably low remaining set-recovery of 3–8% is measured at oven dry condition.}},
  author       = {{Kölli, Nathan and Frühwald-König, Katja and Hackel, Martin}},
  booktitle    = {{Wood Material Science & Engineering}},
  issn         = {{1748-0280}},
  keywords     = {{Densification, set-recovery, swelling and shrinkage}},
  pages        = {{1--12}},
  publisher    = {{Taylor & Francis}},
  title        = {{{Hygroscopic behavior of thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) densified oil palm sawn timber}}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/17480272.2024.2381100}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{11795,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Möhnesee-Günne}},
  title        = {{{Nutzungspotenziale klimaadaptiver Holzarten}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{12028,
  abstract     = {{Since the early 2000s, forest owners in Central Europe have increasingly planted Nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana (STEV.) SPACH) and Noble fir (Abies procera REHD.) for Christmas trees, intending to convert them into high forests. Climate-related damage, especially since 2018, has significantly reduced spruce populations, requirering a shift towards climate-adaptable tree species in future forests. Additionally, to reduce CO2 emissions from construction, there's a push for expanding timber construction, requiring non-spruce species for load-bearing products and applications. Although Nordmann and Noble fir are potential alternatives to spruce, they are not yet integrated into European standardization for load-bearing construction. Therefore, an assessment of German-origin Nordmann and Noble fir for use in glued laminated building products (GLT and CLT) is underway. Kiln-dried lamellas are graded visually and by machine using longitudinal vibration, with selected lamellas tested for tensile strength. Various mechanical properties are determined using non-destructive and destructive methods to establish input parameters for Finite Element Analysis (FEA). }},
  author       = {{Frühwald-König, Katja and Hackel, Martin and Kipp, Dennis and Lüke, Karin and Stracke, Felix Leonard and Burghaus, Noah and Wieland, Stefanie}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the 23rd International Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation of Wood Symposium}},
  keywords     = {{Nordmann fir, Noble fir, grading, elastomechanical properties, ultrasonic testing, vibration measurement}},
  location     = {{Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brasil}},
  pages        = {{192--204}},
  publisher    = {{United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)}},
  title        = {{{Nordmann and Noble fir Lamellas for Structural Purposes – Grading and Determination of Elastomechanical Properties by Non-Destructive and Destructive Testing}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{12029,
  abstract     = {{Following storm and calamity events in Europe since the early 2000s, many forest owners decided to establish Christmas tree plantations featuring Nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana (STEV.) SPACH) and Noble fir (Abies procera REHD.), which are currently transformed into high forests. Climate-related forest damages and calamities result in significant depletion of spruce since 2018. Future forests should be characterized by a climate-adaptable variety of tree species. Nordmann and Noble fir represent possible alternatives to spurce, however from European origin they are not yet integrated into European standardization and therefore cannot be used for load bearing construction products. Consequently, an assessment of the potential of Nordmann and Noble fir of German origin for use in Glued Laminated Timber (GLT) is conducted. Selected tensile, compression, shear, and bending properties in various anatomical directions are determined on small, defect-free samples with destructive and non-destructive methods to establish input parameters for Finite Element Analysis (FEA).}},
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin and Frühwald-König, Katja and Burghaus, Noah and Stracke, Felix Leonard}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering (WSE2024)}},
  location     = {{Edinburgh, Scotland}},
  publisher    = {{Edinburgh Napier University }},
  title        = {{{Nordmann and Noble fir -Determination of Elastomechanical Properties by Non-Destructive and Destructive Testing}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{12920,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin and Dr. Emmerich, Lukas}},
  location     = {{Olsberg}},
  title        = {{{Untersuchungen der Verwendungspotenziale alternativer Nadelholzarten für den modernen Holzbau}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{12921,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin and Emmerich, Lukas}},
  location     = {{Lemgo}},
  title        = {{{Holz von morgen: Untersuchung der Verwendungspotenziale von Nordmann- und Nobilistanne}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{12922,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Gütersloh}},
  title        = {{{Vielfalt der Bioökonomie an der TH OWL - Innovationen und Praxislösungen für eine nachhaltige Zukunft}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@misc{11794,
  abstract     = {{Als erster Referent startete Martin Hackel von dem Smart Wood Center (https://www.smart-wood-center-owl.de/index.html). Er berichtete vom Smart Wood Center, das das Ziel verfolgt die bestehenden Kompetenzen im Bereich Wald und Holz in OWL gemeinsam mit regionalen Akteuren entlang der Holzwertschöpfungskette zu bündeln und zu beleben. Es ist ebenfalls Kompetenzzentrum von und für alle Branchenakteure sowie für den Nachwuchs.}},
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Detmold}},
  title        = {{{Smart Wood Center OWL}}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{10602,
  abstract     = {{The anatomical structure of oil palm wood is only to a limited extent comparable to common wood species used in construction. Typical for monocotyledons, the material is composed of high density vascular bundles and a parenchymatous tissue of lower density. In three experiment sets, the local and global moduli of elasticity (MOE) and the flexural strength of oil palm wood based GLT are determined using FEM and various influencing parameters are investigated in a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the application of densified tension lamellas is studied. The results of the modelling are compared with the results from mechanical tests. Significant differences, mainly attributed to the specific parameters of the selected material, are observed. The results of this preliminary study serve as a starting point for computer-aided optimisation and modelling of other oil palm-based products.}},
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  booktitle    = {{Timber for a livable future : World Conference on Timber Engineering : WCTE 2023 : 19-22 June 2023, Oslo, Norway }},
  editor       = {{Nyrud, Anders Q. }},
  isbn         = {{978-1-7138-7329-7}},
  keywords     = {{Oil palm wood, finite element method (FEM), GLT, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength}},
  location     = {{Oslo (Norwegen)}},
  publisher    = {{Curran Associates, Inc.}},
  title        = {{{FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD}}},
  doi          = {{10.52202/069179-0088}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{10604,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  booktitle    = {{Computational methods in wood mechanics: CompWood 2023 : Dresden, Germany, 5-8 September 2023 }},
  isbn         = {{978-84-123222-7-9}},
  location     = {{Dresden}},
  pages        = {{83--85}},
  publisher    = {{International Center for Numerical Methods in Enginering (CIMNE), }},
  title        = {{{Numerical and Experimental Study of Flexural Properties of Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) from Oil Palm Wood (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.)}}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{10605,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Werl}},
  title        = {{{Potenziale der Nutzung klimastabiler Holzarten}}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{10606,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Bilbao (Spanien)}},
  title        = {{{Smart Wood Center OWL}}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{10786,
  abstract     = {{The anatomical structure of oil palm wood is only to a limited extent comparable to common wood species
used in construction. Typical for monocotyledons, the material is composed of high density vascular bundles and a
parenchymatous tissue of lower density. In three experiment sets, the local and global moduli of elasticity (MOE) and the flexural strength of oil palm wood based GLT are determined using FEM and various influencing parameters are
investigated in a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the application of densified tension lamellas is studied. The results of the modelling are compared with the results from mechanical tests. Significant differences, mainly attributed to the
specific parameters of the selected material, are observed. The results of this preliminary study serve as a starting point for computer-aided optimisation and modelling of other oil palm-based products.}},
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  booktitle    = {{World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)}},
  keywords     = {{Oil palm wood, finite element method (FEM), GLT, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength}},
  location     = {{Oslo (Norwegen)}},
  pages        = {{647--656}},
  publisher    = {{World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023)}},
  title        = {{{FLEXURAL PROPERTIES OF OIL PALM WOOD BASED GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD}}},
  doi          = {{10.52202/069179-0088}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@misc{10594,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Göttingen}},
  title        = {{{Elastic flexural properties of oil palm wood based glue laminated timber determined using the finite element method (FEM)}}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@misc{10595,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Göttingen}},
  title        = {{{Elastic flexural properties of oil palm wood based glue laminated timber determined using the finite element method (FEM)}}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@misc{10599,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  booktitle    = {{Aus der Praxis - für die Praxis : 26. Internationale Holzbau-Forum (IHF) / Forum Holzbau International ; Volume 3: Master Colloquium : December 1, 2022}},
  isbn         = {{9783906226507}},
  location     = {{Innsbruck (Österreich)}},
  publisher    = {{Forum Holzbau}},
  title        = {{{Investigation of Flexural Properties of Glued Laminated Timber Composed of Oil Palm Wood}}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@misc{10600,
  author       = {{Hackel, Martin}},
  location     = {{Innsbruck (Österreich)}},
  title        = {{{Investigation of Flexural Properties of Glued Laminated Timber Composed of Oil Palm Wood}}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}