@misc{7681,
  author       = {{Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra and Schneider, Daniel and Flatt, Holger and Stübbe, Oliver}},
  publisher    = {{Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft für Automatisierung und Mikroelektronik e.V. (DFAM)}},
  title        = {{{Visible Light in der Produktion (Abschlussbericht)}}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@misc{7671,
  abstract     = {{Visible-light communication is a promising technology for industrial environments. However, a variety of physical effects may influence the communication quality in this potentially harsh environment: Dust and other particles lead to increased attenuation. Artificial light sources and industrial processes, such as grinding and welding, cause optical cross-talk. A multitude of reflective surfaces can lead to fading due to multi-path propagation. These three aspects are experimentally investigated in exemplary manufacturing processes at five different production sites in order to estimate the relative importance and their specific impact on VLC transmission in industrial areas. Spectral measurements demonstrate the presence of interfering light sources, which occupy broad parts of the visible spectrum. They give rise to flickering noise, which comprises a set of frequencies in the electrical domain. The impact of these effects on the communication is analysed with reference to the maximum achievable channel capacity and data rate approximation based on on-off keying is deduced. It is found that cross-talk by environmental and artificial light sources is one of the strongest effects, which influences the optical, but also the electrical spectrum. It is also observed that industrial areas differ strongly and must be categorised according to the manufacturing processes, which can induce quite a variation of dust and attenuation accordingly.}},
  author       = {{Schneider, Daniel and Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra and Flatt, Holger and Stübbe, Oliver and Wolff, Alexander and Lachmayer, Roland and Bunge, Christian-Alexander}},
  booktitle    = {{Optics express : the international electronic journal of optics / Optica}},
  issn         = {{1094-4087 }},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{16087--16104}},
  publisher    = {{Optical Society of America}},
  title        = {{{Impact of industrial environments on visible light communication}}},
  doi          = {{10.1364/oe.421757}},
  volume       = {{29}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@inproceedings{7672,
  abstract     = {{Visible light communication (VLC) allows the dual use of lighting and wireless communication systems by
modulation of illumination devices. However, to increase the performance, typically, beam-forming measures are
taken creating pencil beams, thus contradicting the illumination purpose. In order to optimize the performance
trade o between ecient illumination and communication, the switching capabilities of illumination LEDs are
examined. Illumination LEDs with standard drivers and without beam-forming show limited applicability for
communication purposes as they are not optimized for the necessary switching capability (f  11 MHz) and
coherence. Methods to enhance the electrical current by pre-equalisation, biasing, carrier sweeping and current
shaping are examined in respect to the illumination LED's communication performance. A novel driver scheme
is derived which achieves considerably higher switching frequencies (f  100 MHz) without employing beamforming
at the illumination LED. This driver is able to obtain a data rate of up to 200 Mbit/s at a distance of
3.2 m, using on-o keying (OOK) modulation technique. Therefore, it is feasible to apply the LED driver by
implementing standardised illumination devices in VLC systems.}},
  author       = {{Schneider, Daniel and Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra and Flatt, Holger and Stübbe, Oliver and Lachmayer, Roland}},
  booktitle    = {{Integrated Optics: Design, Devices, Systems and Applications VI}},
  editor       = {{Cheben, Pavel and Čtyroký, Jiří and Molina-Fernández, Iñigo}},
  isbn         = {{978-1-5106-4384-0}},
  issn         = {{1996-756X}},
  keywords     = {{Optical Wireless Communication, Visible Light Communication, VLC, Li-Fi, Illumination, Dual-purpose drivers}},
  location     = {{Online (Prag)}},
  publisher    = {{SPIE}},
  title        = {{{Efficient visible light communication drivers using illumination LEDs in industrial environments}}},
  doi          = {{10.1117/12.2588923}},
  volume       = {{11775}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@misc{7680,
  abstract     = {{In industrial scenarios wireless communication becomes more and more widespread. Radio-frequency technologies are still predominant, but optical wireless communication (OWC) provides many advantages to fulfill the requirements of communication in industrial applications. A survey with industrial users consolidate a list with the most important demands for wireless communication within the field: The results reveal that the current heterogeneous requirements for wireless communication are valid, but highlight the need for license-free, robust and energy efficient wireless communication at rather moderate data rates. These requirements can be met by OWC, but its direct application in industrial environments is often hindered by the harsh conditions, with measurements inter alia indicating specific cross talk by light-emitting processes. In this article, these aspects are discussed one by one in order to obtain a clear perspective about the applicability, the main limitations and potential technologies for OWC and competing approaches in industrial areas. In summary, the application requirements of industrial communication are substantiated, whereas specific limitations and needs for advancement of current OWC systems are derived.}},
  author       = {{Schneider, Daniel and Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra and Stübbe, Oliver and Lachmeyer, Roland and Bunge, Christian-Alexander}},
  booktitle    = {{VDE-ITG Photonische Netze}},
  isbn         = {{978-3-8007-5555-4}},
  location     = {{Stuttgart}},
  publisher    = {{Verband der Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Optical Wireless communication in industrial areas: Potential performance and actual demand}}},
  volume       = {{297}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@misc{11195,
  author       = {{Schneider, Daniel and Fast, Harry and Flatt, Holger and Jasperneite, Jürgen and Stübbe, Oliver and Heidl, René}},
  booktitle    = {{Automation 2018 : 19. Leitkongress der Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik : Baden-Baden, 03. und 04. Juli 2018}},
  isbn         = {{978-3-18-092330-7}},
  issn         = {{ 0083-5560}},
  location     = {{Baden-Baden}},
  pages        = {{273--284}},
  publisher    = {{VDI Verlag}},
  title        = {{{Einsatzfähigkeit von optischer Freiraumkommunikation in industriellen Produktionsumgebungen}}},
  doi          = {{10.51202/9783181023303-273}},
  volume       = {{2330}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@inproceedings{4836,
  abstract     = {{Today radio based wireless communication technologies offer limited performance, whereas optical wireless com- munication systems (OWC) propose potentially a high performant, scalable communication system conforming to real time conditions. However, current studies imply, that OWCs still lack the necessary performance and robustness level for most wireless applications in industrial production environments. In this approach several types of noises for free-space optical communication systems are empirically analysed in an accredited, exemplary industrial production environment. While the channel noise is usually modelled by the signal to noise ratio it is found that real environments cannot be approximated by the usual static additive white gaussian noise. In this approach the accumulated measurement data represents the spectrum variation of different locations and times relating to different types of noise sources. The implementation in a total channel model allows the optimization of OWC designs like the channel access scheme or the modulation type concerning performance and robustness. Furthermore an additional measurement setup is proposed, capable of measuring and classifying existing noise sources in order to serve the design of OWC systems in industrial production environments.}},
  author       = {{Schneider, Daniel and Flatt, Holger and Jasperneite, Jürgen and Stübbe, Oliver}},
  booktitle    = {{Optical Fabrication, Testing, and Metrology VI}},
  editor       = {{Schröder, Sven and Geyl, Roland}},
  isbn         = {{978-1-5106-1921-0}},
  issn         = {{0277-786X}},
  location     = {{Frankfurt}},
  title        = {{{Analysis of industrial production environments and derivation of a novel channel model towards optical wireless communication}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312102}},
  volume       = {{10692}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}