---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - 'The construction of climate-friendly new buildings is not enough to enable greenhouse
    gas neutrality by the second half of this century. To achieve it, the existing
    building stock needs to be renovated or retrofitted step by step. This study investigates
    the impact of a low-investment greenhouse gas emission reduction measure based
    on intelligent room heat management (IRHM) which is being tested to date on the
    main administrative building of district Lippe, built in 1979-80, in Germany.
    This system intends to reduce the energy consumption of further districts’ buildings
    that, due to the high costs, cannot be intensively renovated in the medium term.
    IRHM consist in the installation of an intelligent controller that, based on dynamic
    usage profiles, optimise the operation of the existing heating system. Through
    presence sensors in the office rooms, the employee’s worktime routine is continually
    registered to enable the creation of heating patterns that maximize heat comfort
    during worktime while energy is saved by reducing room temperature when the office
    is unoccupied. The analysis is based on collected data of heat energy consumption,
    room climate and user behaviour in five corridors: three with IRHM and two control
    corridors without it. In both control corridors and two of the IRHM corridors
    the façade was completely refurbished in 2021 while the remaining one still preserves
    the original façade to date. Heating demand calculations were conducted to enable
    a wider exploration of usage scenarios. The results obtained so far, show significantly
    lower heat consumption in the corridors with IRHM, reaching a maximum of 90% energy
    consumption reduction compared to the control corridors. An optimized operation
    of the radiators is clearly recognizable as the system anticipates the employee’s
    presence and reach the comfort room temperature (set-up temperature) before the
    beginning of the working time, keeping it while the room in use. It also reacts
    properly switching down to set-back temperature so far, no presence is detected.
    According to the heating demand calculations, the implementation of a set-back
    temperature out of worktime can reduce the energy consumption up to a 48%. Combined
    with the refurbishment of the façade, the heating demand sinks up to an 87%. Field
    data shows an even more optimistic perspective, as energy consumption was in average
    even lower than the calculated demand. The on-site implementation of the IRHM
    is accompanied by social science research aiming at getting feedback on thermal
    comfort as well as on employees’ experience with the handling of the intelligent
    room heat management device. Up to now three online surveys were conducted during
    heat periods between 2021 and 2023 with 18 to 21 participants from two-person
    offices. First analyses show that occupants’ satisfaction with temperature changed
    from a neutral ranking to a slightly positive voting. Room temperature was found
    to be comfortable as soon as entering the office in the morning. Preferred room
    temperature shifted over the survey time points from 21°C- 22°C to under 21°C.
    Further analyses will focus on general energy-relevant attitudes and habits such
    as windows-door opening.@eng'
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: María
      foaf_name: González, María
      foaf_surname: González
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=76759
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Susanne
      foaf_name: Schwickert, Susanne
      foaf_surname: Schwickert
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=27269
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Karin
      foaf_name: Schakib-Ekbatan, Karin
      foaf_surname: Schakib-Ekbatan
  dct_date: 2023^xs_gYear
  dct_language: eng
  dct_title: A Field Study of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction though Intelligent
    Room Heat Management as low investment Measure tested on the District Hall of
    Lippe@
...