---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - For process monitoring, an adequate data preprocessing is crucial to link accessible
    inline process data with offline measured target variables. Literature, however,
    does not provide systematic preprocessing strategies. The effects of five different
    preprocessing strategies on data from a Dielectric Spectroscopy system applied
    to the Viable Cell Density (VCD) of a mammalian cell cultivation were thus evaluated.
    Single-frequency measurements are typically used to model the VCD over the growth
    phase using linear regression or the Cole-Cole model and served as a reference.
    As multi-frequency measurement is promising to model the VCD beyond the growth
    phase using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), we further aimed to determine,
    whether replacing linear regression by PLSR shows comparable modeling performance.
    All five preprocessing strategies led to comparable results. Exemplary, when using
    capacitance values at a frequency of 3347 kHz, linear regression resulted in a
    R2 of 0.90 and a standard deviation of 0.4 % on average. Both normalization techniques
    had the same positive effect on the results of PLSR. The order of smoothing and
    normalization was irrelevant for both regression methods. Comparing the results
    of linear regression and PLSR, the latter obtained on average 9 % better results.
    Therefore, we concluded that PLSR is preferable over linear regression and is
    potentially suitable to model the VCD beyond the growth phase, which is suggested
    to be investigated based on more data sets.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Selina
      foaf_name: Ramm, Selina
      foaf_surname: Ramm
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=68713
    orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0502-8032
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tanja
      foaf_name: Hernández Rodriguez, Tanja
      foaf_surname: Hernández Rodriguez
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=52466
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Björn
      foaf_name: Frahm, Björn
      foaf_surname: Frahm
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=45666
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Miriam
      foaf_name: Pein-Hackelbusch, Miriam
      foaf_surname: Pein-Hackelbusch
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=64952
    orcid: 0000-0002-7920-0595
  bibo_doi: 10.1109/INDIN51400.2023.10218012
  dct_date: 2023^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1935-4576
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/978-1-6654-9314-7
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: IEEE@
  dct_subject:
  - Spectroscopy
  - Smoothing methods
  - Systematics
  - Phase measurement
  - Linear regression
  - Data models
  - Dielectric measurement
  dct_title: Systematic Preprocessing of Dielectric Spectroscopy Data and Estimating
    Viable Cell Densities@
...