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<titleInfo><title>Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models</title></titleInfo>


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<name type="personal">
  <namePart type="given">Georg Heinrich</namePart>
  <namePart type="family">Klepp</namePart>
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<abstract lang="eng">The application of hydrogen for energy storage and as a vehicle fuel necessitates efficient and effective storage technologies. In addition to traditional cryogenic and high-pressure tanks, an alternative approach involves utilizing porous materials such as activated carbons within the storage tank. The adsorption behaviour of hydrogen in porous structures is described using the Dubinin-Astakhov isotherm. To model the flow of hydrogen within the tank, we rely on the equations of mass conservation, the Navier-Stokes equations, and the equation of energy conservation, which are implemented in a computational fluid dynamics code and additional terms account for the amount of hydrogen involved in sorption and the corresponding heat release. While physical models are valuable, data-driven models often offer computational advantages. Based on the data from the physical adsorption model, a data-driven model is derived using various machine learning techniques. This model is then incorporated as source terms in the governing conservation equations, resulting in a novel hybrid formulation which is computationally more efficient. Consequently, a new method is presented to compute the temperature and concentration distribution during the charging and discharging of hydrogen tanks and identifying any limiting phenomena more easily.</abstract>

<originInfo><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2024</dateIssued>
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<language><languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
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<subject><topic>Hydrogen storage</topic><topic>Adsorption</topic><topic>Activated carbon</topic><topic>Machine learning</topic><topic>Simulation</topic><topic>Computational fluid dynamics</topic>
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<relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy</title></titleInfo>
  <identifier type="issn">0360-5442</identifier>
  <identifier type="eIssn">1873-6785</identifier><identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318</identifier>
<part><detail type="volume"><number>306</number></detail>
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<ieee>G. H. Klepp, “Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models,” &lt;i&gt;Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy&lt;/i&gt;, vol. 306, Art. no. 132318, 2024, doi: &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&quot;&gt;10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&lt;/a&gt;.</ieee>
<van>Klepp GH. Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models. Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy. 2024;306.</van>
<short>G.H. Klepp, Energy : The International Journal ; Technologies, Resources, Reserves, Demands, Impact, Conservation, Management, Policy 306 (2024).</short>
<havard>G.H. Klepp, Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models, Energy : The International Journal ; Technologies, Resources, Reserves, Demands, Impact, Conservation, Management, Policy. 306 (2024).</havard>
<ufg>&lt;b&gt;Klepp, Georg Heinrich&lt;/b&gt;: Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models, in: &lt;i&gt;Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy&lt;/i&gt; 306 (2024).</ufg>
<din1505-2-1>&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;&quot;&gt;Klepp, Georg Heinrich&lt;/span&gt;: Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models. In: &lt;i&gt;Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy&lt;/i&gt; Bd. 306. Amsterdam, Elsevier BV (2024)</din1505-2-1>
<bjps>&lt;b&gt;Klepp GH&lt;/b&gt; (2024) Modelling Activated Carbon Hydrogen Storage Tanks Using Machine Learning Models. &lt;i&gt;Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;306&lt;/b&gt;.</bjps>
<mla>Klepp, Georg Heinrich. “Modelling Activated Carbon Hydrogen Storage Tanks Using Machine Learning Models.” &lt;i&gt;Energy : The International Journal ; Technologies, Resources, Reserves, Demands, Impact, Conservation, Management, Policy&lt;/i&gt;, vol. 306, 132318, 2024, &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&lt;/a&gt;.</mla>
<apa>Klepp, G. H. (2024). Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models. &lt;i&gt;Energy : The International Journal ; Technologies, Resources, Reserves, Demands, Impact, Conservation, Management, Policy&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;306&lt;/i&gt;, Article 132318. &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&lt;/a&gt;</apa>
<chicago-de>Klepp, Georg Heinrich. 2024. Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models. &lt;i&gt;Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy&lt;/i&gt; 306. doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&quot;&gt;10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&lt;/a&gt;, .</chicago-de>
<ama>Klepp GH. Modelling activated carbon hydrogen storage tanks using machine learning models. &lt;i&gt;Energy : the international journal ; technologies, resources, reserves, demands, impact, conservation, management, policy&lt;/i&gt;. 2024;306. doi:&lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&quot;&gt;10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&lt;/a&gt;</ama>
<chicago>Klepp, Georg Heinrich. “Modelling Activated Carbon Hydrogen Storage Tanks Using Machine Learning Models.” &lt;i&gt;Energy : The International Journal ; Technologies, Resources, Reserves, Demands, Impact, Conservation, Management, Policy&lt;/i&gt; 306 (2024). &lt;a href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132318&lt;/a&gt;.</chicago>
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