---
_id: '12226'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Light pollution is an environmental stressor of global extent that is growing
    exponentially in area and intensity. Artificial skyglow, a form of light pollution
    with large range, is hypothesized to have environmental impact at ecosystem level.
    However, testing the impact of skyglow at large scales and in a controlled fashion
    under in situ conditions has remained elusive so far. Here we present the first
    experimental setup to mimic skyglow at ecosystem level outdoors in an aquatic
    environment. Spatially diffuse and homogeneous surface illumination that is adjustable
    between 0.01 and 10 lx, resembling rural to urban skyglow levels, was achieved
    with white light-emitting diodes at a large-scale lake enclosure facility. The
    illumination system was enabled by optical modeling with Monte-Carlo raytracing
    and validated by measurements. Our method can be adapted to other outdoor and
    indoor skyglow experiments, urgently needed to understand the impact of skyglow
    on ecosystems.
article_number: '23478'
author:
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Jechow, Andreas
  last_name: Jechow
- first_name: Günther
  full_name: Schreck, Günther
  last_name: Schreck
- first_name: Christopher C. M.
  full_name: Kyba, Christopher C. M.
  last_name: Kyba
- first_name: Stella A.
  full_name: Berger, Stella A.
  last_name: Berger
- first_name: Lukas Thuile
  full_name: Bistarelli, Lukas Thuile
  last_name: Bistarelli
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Bodenlos, Matthias
  last_name: Bodenlos
- first_name: Mark O.
  full_name: Gessner, Mark O.
  last_name: Gessner
- first_name: Hans-Peter
  full_name: Grossart, Hans-Peter
  last_name: Grossart
- first_name: Franziska
  full_name: Kupprat, Franziska
  last_name: Kupprat
- first_name: Jens C.
  full_name: Nejstgaard, Jens C.
  last_name: Nejstgaard
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Pansch, Andreas
  last_name: Pansch
- first_name: Armin
  full_name: Penske, Armin
  last_name: Penske
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Sachtleben, Michael
  last_name: Sachtleben
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Shatwell, Tom
  id: '86424'
  last_name: Shatwell
  orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
- first_name: Gabriel A.
  full_name: Singer, Gabriel A.
  last_name: Singer
- first_name: Susanne
  full_name: Stephan, Susanne
  last_name: Stephan
- first_name: Tim J. W.
  full_name: Walles, Tim J. W.
  last_name: Walles
- first_name: Sabine
  full_name: Wollrab, Sabine
  last_name: Wollrab
- first_name: Karolina M.
  full_name: Zielinska-Dabkowska, Karolina M.
  last_name: Zielinska-Dabkowska
- first_name: Franz
  full_name: Hölker, Franz
  last_name: Hölker
citation:
  ama: Jechow A, Schreck G, Kyba CCM, et al. Design and implementation of an illumination
    system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility.
    <i>Scientific Reports</i>. 2021;11(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4">10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4</a>
  apa: Jechow, A., Schreck, G., Kyba, C. C. M., Berger, S. A., Bistarelli, L. T.,
    Bodenlos, M., Gessner, M. O., Grossart, H.-P., Kupprat, F., Nejstgaard, J. C.,
    Pansch, A., Penske, A., Sachtleben, M., Shatwell, T., Singer, G. A., Stephan,
    S., Walles, T. J. W., Wollrab, S., Zielinska-Dabkowska, K. M., &#38; Hölker, F.
    (2021). Design and implementation of an illumination system to mimic skyglow at
    ecosystem level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility. <i>Scientific Reports</i>,
    <i>11</i>(1), Article 23478. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4</a>
  bjps: <b>Jechow A <i>et al.</i></b> (2021) Design and Implementation of an Illumination
    System to Mimic Skyglow at Ecosystem Level in a Large-Scale Lake Enclosure Facility.
    <i>Scientific Reports</i> <b>11</b>.
  chicago: Jechow, Andreas, Günther Schreck, Christopher C. M. Kyba, Stella A. Berger,
    Lukas Thuile Bistarelli, Matthias Bodenlos, Mark O. Gessner, et al. “Design and
    Implementation of an Illumination System to Mimic Skyglow at Ecosystem Level in
    a Large-Scale Lake Enclosure Facility.” <i>Scientific Reports</i> 11, no. 1 (2021).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4</a>.
  chicago-de: Jechow, Andreas, Günther Schreck, Christopher C. M. Kyba, Stella A.
    Berger, Lukas Thuile Bistarelli, Matthias Bodenlos, Mark O. Gessner, u. a. 2021.
    Design and implementation of an illumination system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem
    level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility. <i>Scientific Reports</i> 11,
    Nr. 1. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4">10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4</a>,
    .
  din1505-2-1: '<span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Jechow,
    Andreas</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Schreck, Günther</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kyba, Christopher C. M.</span> ; <span
    style="font-variant:small-caps;">Berger, Stella A.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bistarelli,
    Lukas Thuile</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bodenlos, Matthias</span>
    ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Gessner, Mark O.</span> ; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Grossart,
    Hans-Peter</span> ; u. a.</span>: Design and implementation of an illumination
    system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility.
    In: <i>Scientific Reports</i> Bd. 11. London, Springer Nature (2021), Nr. 1'
  havard: A. Jechow, G. Schreck, C.C.M. Kyba, S.A. Berger, L.T. Bistarelli, M. Bodenlos,
    M.O. Gessner, H.-P. Grossart, F. Kupprat, J.C. Nejstgaard, A. Pansch, A. Penske,
    M. Sachtleben, T. Shatwell, G.A. Singer, S. Stephan, T.J.W. Walles, S. Wollrab,
    K.M. Zielinska-Dabkowska, F. Hölker, Design and implementation of an illumination
    system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility,
    Scientific Reports. 11 (2021).
  ieee: 'A. Jechow <i>et al.</i>, “Design and implementation of an illumination system
    to mimic skyglow at ecosystem level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility,”
    <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 11, no. 1, Art. no. 23478, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4">10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4</a>.'
  mla: Jechow, Andreas, et al. “Design and Implementation of an Illumination System
    to Mimic Skyglow at Ecosystem Level in a Large-Scale Lake Enclosure Facility.”
    <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 11, no. 1, 23478, 2021, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4</a>.
  short: A. Jechow, G. Schreck, C.C.M. Kyba, S.A. Berger, L.T. Bistarelli, M. Bodenlos,
    M.O. Gessner, H.-P. Grossart, F. Kupprat, J.C. Nejstgaard, A. Pansch, A. Penske,
    M. Sachtleben, T. Shatwell, G.A. Singer, S. Stephan, T.J.W. Walles, S. Wollrab,
    K.M. Zielinska-Dabkowska, F. Hölker, Scientific Reports 11 (2021).
  ufg: '<b>Jechow, Andreas u. a.</b>: Design and implementation of an illumination
    system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility,
    in: <i>Scientific Reports</i> 11 (2021), H. 1.'
  van: Jechow A, Schreck G, Kyba CCM, Berger SA, Bistarelli LT, Bodenlos M, et al.
    Design and implementation of an illumination system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem
    level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility. Scientific Reports. 2021;11(1).
date_created: 2024-12-08T19:56:12Z
date_updated: 2024-12-11T12:59:58Z
department:
- _id: DEP8022
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02772-4
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
place: London
publication: Scientific Reports
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2045-2322
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Design and implementation of an illumination system to mimic skyglow at ecosystem
  level in a large-scale lake enclosure facility
type: scientific_journal_article
user_id: '83781'
volume: 11
year: '2021'
...