---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Lake ecosystems, and the organisms that live within them, are vulnerable to temperature
    change1,2,3,4,5, including the increased occurrence of thermal extremes6. However,
    very little is known about lake heatwaves—periods of extreme warm lake surface
    water temperature—and how they may change under global warming. Here we use satellite
    observations and a numerical model to investigate changes in lake heatwaves for
    hundreds of lakes worldwide from 1901 to 2099. We show that lake heatwaves will
    become hotter and longer by the end of the twenty-first century. For the high-greenhouse-gas-emission
    scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5), the average intensity
    of lake heatwaves, defined relative to the historical period (1970 to 1999), will
    increase from 3.7 ± 0.1 to 5.4 ± 0.8 degrees Celsius and their average duration
    will increase dramatically from 7.7 ± 0.4 to 95.5 ± 35.3 days. In the low-greenhouse-gas-emission
    RCP 2.6 scenario, heatwave intensity and duration will increase to 4.0 ± 0.2 degrees
    Celsius and 27.0 ± 7.6 days, respectively. Surface heatwaves are longer-lasting
    but less intense in deeper lakes (up to 60 metres deep) than in shallower lakes
    during both historic and future periods. As lakes warm during the twenty-first
    century7,8, their heatwaves will begin to extend across multiple seasons, with
    some lakes reaching a permanent heatwave state. Lake heatwaves are likely to exacerbate
    the adverse effects of long-term warming in lakes and exert widespread influence
    on their physical structure and chemical properties. Lake heatwaves could alter
    species composition by pushing aquatic species and ecosystems to the limits of
    their resilience. This in turn could threaten lake biodiversity9 and the key ecological
    and economic benefits that lakes provide to society.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: R. Iestyn
      foaf_name: Woolway, R. Iestyn
      foaf_surname: Woolway
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Eleanor
      foaf_name: Jennings, Eleanor
      foaf_surname: Jennings
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Tom
      foaf_name: Shatwell, Tom
      foaf_surname: Shatwell
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=86424
    orcid: 0000-0002-4520-7916
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Malgorzata
      foaf_name: Golub, Malgorzata
      foaf_surname: Golub
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Don C.
      foaf_name: Pierson, Don C.
      foaf_surname: Pierson
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Stephen C.
      foaf_name: Maberly, Stephen C.
      foaf_surname: Maberly
  bibo_doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-03119-1
  bibo_issue: '7842'
  bibo_volume: 589
  dct_date: 2021^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/0028-0836
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1476-4687
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature @
  dct_title: Lake heatwaves under climate change@
...