{"place":"Basel","article_number":"952","doi":"10.3390/jcm12030952","_id":"13583","type":"scientific_journal_article","user_id":"85780","intvolume":"        12","department":[{"_id":"DEP1500"}],"issue":"3","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Organ transplantation is associated with significant physical and psychological burden for the recipients. Qualitative reports indicate that organ recipients develop donor and donation images (DDI)—conceptions of the donor and/or the organ. A deeper understanding of DDI is needed in the care of transplant recipients. To present the current state of knowledge, we searched for and identified DDI-related publications in PubMed and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were (1) studies addressing transplant recipients, and (2) English or German language. Twenty-one studies of individuals with transplanted hearts, lungs, or kidneys were included in this scoping review. Prevalence for DDI ranged from 6% to 52.3%. DDI occurs both before and after transplantation and includes ideas about the donor as well as whether and how the recipient’s personality may be altered by the transplanted organ. Some transplant recipients did indeed report personality changes following transplantation due to the adoption of assumed donor characteristics. One study showed a positive association between the presence of DDI and anxiety scores and one described a coping effect. DDI is understudied and should be systematically assessed to improve care for the vulnerable group of individuals undergoing organ transplantation. Current research gaps and future directions are discussed."}],"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"MDPI","isi":"1","publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["donor image","donation image","organ integration","organ transplantation","heart transplantation","lung transplantation","kidney transplantation","DDI","psychocardiology","scoping review"],"date_created":"2026-03-25T13:36:11Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2077-0383"]},"publication":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","date_updated":"2026-03-27T09:54:09Z","author":[{"full_name":"Laskowski, Nora M. ","last_name":"Laskowski","first_name":"Nora M. "},{"full_name":"Brandt, Gerrit","last_name":"Brandt","first_name":"Gerrit"},{"first_name":"Katharina","last_name":"Tigges-Limmer","full_name":"Tigges-Limmer, Katharina"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9529-2215","last_name":"Halbeisen","first_name":"Georg","full_name":"Halbeisen, Georg","id":"85780"},{"first_name":"Georgios","full_name":"Paslakis, Georgios","last_name":"Paslakis"}],"year":"2023","external_id":{"isi":["000929666500001"],"pmid":["36769600"]},"pmid":"1","status":"public","title":"Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don't","citation":{"van":"Laskowski NM, Brandt G, Tigges-Limmer K, Halbeisen G, Paslakis G. Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(3).","mla":"Laskowski, Nora M., et al. “Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t.” <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i>, vol. 12, no. 3, 952, 2023, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952</a>.","havard":"N.M. Laskowski, G. Brandt, K. Tigges-Limmer, G. Halbeisen, G. Paslakis, Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t, Journal of Clinical Medicine. 12 (2023).","bjps":"<b>Laskowski NM <i>et al.</i></b> (2023) Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t. <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i> <b>12</b>.","ufg":"<b>Laskowski, Nora M. u. a.</b>: Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t, in: <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i> 12 (2023), H. 3.","apa":"Laskowski, N. M., Brandt, G., Tigges-Limmer, K., Halbeisen, G., &#38; Paslakis, G. (2023). Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t. <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i>, <i>12</i>(3), Article 952. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952</a>","chicago":"Laskowski, Nora M. , Gerrit Brandt, Katharina Tigges-Limmer, Georg Halbeisen, and Georgios Paslakis. “Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t.” <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i> 12, no. 3 (2023). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952</a>.","short":"N.M. Laskowski, G. Brandt, K. Tigges-Limmer, G. Halbeisen, G. Paslakis, Journal of Clinical Medicine 12 (2023).","din1505-2-1":"<span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Laskowski, Nora M. </span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Brandt, Gerrit</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Tigges-Limmer, Katharina</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Halbeisen, Georg</span> ; <span style=\"font-variant:small-caps;\">Paslakis, Georgios</span>: Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t. In: <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i> Bd. 12. Basel, MDPI (2023), Nr. 3","chicago-de":"Laskowski, Nora M. , Gerrit Brandt, Katharina Tigges-Limmer, Georg Halbeisen und Georgios Paslakis. 2023. Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t. <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i> 12, Nr. 3. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952\">10.3390/jcm12030952</a>, .","ama":"Laskowski NM, Brandt G, Tigges-Limmer K, Halbeisen G, Paslakis G. Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t. <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i>. 2023;12(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952\">10.3390/jcm12030952</a>","ieee":"N. M. Laskowski, G. Brandt, K. Tigges-Limmer, G. Halbeisen, and G. Paslakis, “Donor and Donation Images (DDI)-A Scoping Review of What We Know and What We Don’t,” <i>Journal of Clinical Medicine</i>, vol. 12, no. 3, Art. no. 952, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030952\">10.3390/jcm12030952</a>."},"volume":12}