---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - This study aims to review and analyze the relationship between early childhood
    breastfeeding, nutrition, and weight status in children. We hypothesized (a) that
    differences in breastfeeding practices may explain sociodemographic disparities
    in children’s overweight and obesity, and (b) that breastfeeding practices may
    also explain sociodemographic disparities in children’s diet quality. Data from
    N = 7180 children aged 2 to 6 years from NHANES (2005–2018) were classified based
    on weight status (normal weight, overweight, obesity, severe obesity), breastfeeding,
    and in terms of healthy eating (using the Healthy Eating Index). We used multinomial
    logistic and linear regressions to determine pathways between sociodemographic
    variables, breastfeeding, and weight status, as well as between sociodemographic
    and breastfeeding variables and healthy eating scores. Sociodemographic factors
    were significantly associated with childhood weight status, breastfeeding history,
    and healthy eating. Weight status increased with child male gender, Mexican American
    and Other Hispanic ethnicity, lower education, lower income, and single marital
    status; breastfeeding decreased with child age, Non-Hispanic Black ethnicity,
    lower education, and single marital status, but increased with Mexican American
    ethnicity and higher income. A mediation analysis showed indirect pathways from
    sociodemographic variables to weight status via breastfeeding duration. Similar
    patterns emerged for healthy eating. The results indicate that breastfeeding is
    associated with modestly lower odds of severe obesity and improved diet scores
    in early childhood, even after accounting for socioeconomic and demographic differences.
    Breastfeeding appears to be a meaningful early-life factor with a significant
    impact on weight and healthy dietary outcomes.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Frauke
      foaf_name: Klicker, Frauke
      foaf_surname: Klicker
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Georg
      foaf_name: Halbeisen, Georg
      foaf_surname: Halbeisen
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=85780
    orcid: 0000-0002-9529-2215
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Georgios
      foaf_name: Paslakis, Georgios
      foaf_surname: Paslakis
  bibo_doi: 10.1007/s11154-026-10049-2
  dct_date: 2026^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1389-9155
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/1573-2606
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: Springer @
  dct_subject:
  - Breastfeeding
  - Obesity
  - Healthy eating
  - Weight disorders
  - Social diversity
  dct_title: Can breastfeeding practices explain sociodemographic disparities in childhood
    obesity and healthy eating? Results from NHANES 2005–2018@
...