Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus
A.N. Shrotri, M. Beyer, D.J. Schneider, O. Stübbe, Manufacturing of Lens Array Prototypes Containing Spherical and Fresnel Lenses for Visible Light Communications Using Stereolithography Apparatus, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, San Francisco, 2021.
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Konferenzband - Beitrag
| Veröffentlicht
| Englisch
Autor*in
Herausgeber*in
Helvajian, Henry;
Gu, Bo;
Chen, Hongqiang
Einrichtung
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) and rapid prototyping process (RPP) have revolutionized the production of 3D objects in the last few decades. RPP has considerably increased the rate of production and the possibility of manufacturing prototypes in the fields of electrical, optical, and mechanical engineering. The manufacturing of optical prototypes including spherical, aspheric, and special kinds of lenses and lens arrays has reformed the fabrication of optical components. In this paper, specifically designed lens array prototypes for application in visible light communication (VLC) are introduced. These lens array prototypes are manufactured using the stereolithography apparatus (SLA) process. These lens arrays are designed to achieve optimal transmission of the light beam for VLC systems. One of the prototypes from the lens arrays contains primarily four spherical lenses and one thicker convex lens and the other contains one fresnel lens as a substitute for thicker convex lens. These lens arrays are further post-processed to achieve the required transparency. These lens array prototypes are tested using laser and LEDs. The ON-OFF keying modulated light beam was transmitted through the lens array at the sender side and focused on the photo-receiver using another lens array at the receiver side which is 200 cm apart. After evaluating these lens prototypes, it can be concluded that with appropriate post-processing and high-resolution stereolithography based manufacturing, a low data rate VLC link can be formed.
Stichworte
Erscheinungsjahr
Titel Konferenzband
Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII
Band
11677
Konferenz
SPIE Photonics West LASE Proc. SPIE 11677, Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII, 1167717
Konferenzort
San Francisco
Konferenzdatum
2021-01-28 – 2021-02-02
ISBN
eISBN
ISSN
eISSN
ELSA-ID
Zitieren
Shrotri AN, Beyer M, Schneider DJ, Stübbe O. Manufacturing of Lens Array Prototypes Containing Spherical and Fresnel Lenses for Visible Light Communications Using Stereolithography Apparatus. Vol 11677. (Helvajian H, Gu B, Chen H, eds.). Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers; 2021. doi:10.1117/12.2586907
Shrotri, A. N., Beyer, M., Schneider, D. J., & Stübbe, O. (2021). Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus. In H. Helvajian, B. Gu, & H. Chen (Eds.), Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII (Vol. 11677). Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2586907
Shrotri AN et al. (2021) Manufacturing of Lens Array Prototypes Containing Spherical and Fresnel Lenses for Visible Light Communications Using Stereolithography Apparatus, Helvajian H, Gu B and Chen H (eds). San Francisco: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra, Micha Beyer, Daniel Johann Schneider, and Oliver Stübbe. Manufacturing of Lens Array Prototypes Containing Spherical and Fresnel Lenses for Visible Light Communications Using Stereolithography Apparatus. Edited by Henry Helvajian, Bo Gu, and Hongqiang Chen. Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII. Vol. 11677. Proceedings of SPIE. San Francisco: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2586907.
Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra, Micha Beyer, Daniel Johann Schneider und Oliver Stübbe. 2021. Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus. Hg. von Henry Helvajian, Bo Gu, und Hongqiang Chen. Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII. Bd. 11677. Proceedings of SPIE. San Francisco: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. doi:10.1117/12.2586907, .
Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra ; Beyer, Micha ; Schneider, Daniel Johann ; Stübbe, Oliver ; Helvajian, H. ; Gu, B. ; Chen, H. (Hrsg.): Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus, Proceedings of SPIE. Bd. 11677. San Francisco : Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2021
A.N. Shrotri, M. Beyer, D.J. Schneider, O. Stübbe, Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, San Francisco, 2021.
A. N. Shrotri, M. Beyer, D. J. Schneider, and O. Stübbe, Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus, vol. 11677. San Francisco: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2021. doi: 10.1117/12.2586907.
Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra, et al. “Manufacturing of Lens Array Prototypes Containing Spherical and Fresnel Lenses for Visible Light Communications Using Stereolithography Apparatus.” Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII, edited by Henry Helvajian et al., vol. 11677, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2586907.
Shrotri, Abhijeet Narendra u. a.: Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus, Bd. 11677, hg. von Helvajian, Henry/Gu, Bo/Chen, Hongqiang, San Francisco 2021 (Proceedings of SPIE).
Shrotri AN, Beyer M, Schneider DJ, Stübbe O. Manufacturing of lens array prototypes containing spherical and fresnel lenses for visible light communications using stereolithography apparatus. Helvajian H, Gu B, Chen H, editors. Laser 3D Manufacturing VIII. San Francisco: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers; 2021. (Proceedings of SPIE; vol. 11677).